iqMn sflF dy pRbMDkI KrUd qoN bfad, iswK sMgq smuwcy rUp ivwc zfAUn tfAUn ngr kIrqn sLfml ho skygI.

brYNptn: (sFJ svyrf) AuntfrIE dI smuwcI sfD sMgq klH nMU smuwcy rUp ivwc trFto dI mhFngrI ivwc Kflsf pMQ df 305vF sfjnf idvs bVI sLfno sLOkq nfl mnfAux jf rhI hY. iqMn sfl bfad sMgq nMU ieh mOkf imilaf hY jdoN Auh ibnHF pRbMDkI GYNs GYNs dy iewk ngr kIrqn ivwc sLfml ho skxgy. ipCly iqMn sflF qoN pRbMDI vrg dI KrUdI ibrqI sdkf sMgq KwjlHKuafrI df isLkfr huMdI rhI hY, pr aYqkIN BfvyN vrdI vfilaF ny hI bFh mroV ky ienHF vIrF nMU lfeIn qy afAux leI mjLbUr kIqf hY pr sMgq ies PYsly nfl bVI sOKI ho geI mihsUs krdI hY. ieh pRBfv sFJ svyrf dy pwqrkfr nMU sMgq nfl ivcfrF krn qoN bfad imly hn.

afE cwlIey bfibaf dy zyry votrF dI KYr mMgx leI

pitaflf:- pitaflf "afE cwlIey bfibaf dy zyry votrF dI KYr lYx leI‘zyiraF ivc cOkIaF Brn df islislF bfdsqUr jfrI hY. BfvyN ik keI zyiraF ivc ieh vI spwsLt ikhf jFdf hY ik sfzf iksy pfrtI nfl koeI sbMD nhIN hY pr lIzrF vwloN ieh afs nhIN CwzI jFdI ik kdoN bfbf jI afsLIrvfd dy dyx‘qy sMgqf votF nfl inhfl kr dyx. pRfpq kIqy vyrivaF anusfr sMgrUr ,pitaflf qy ropV hlikaF ivc gurduafrf pRymsLvr durprc sLyKpur (sMgrUr roz) pitaflf dy muwKI sMq bfbf rxjIq isMG ZwzrIaF vfilaf ny ipCly smyN ivc dIvfn sjf ky sMgqf nMU afpxy nfl juiVaf hY. pqf lwigaf hY ieQy pMjfb dy sfbkf muwK mMqrI pRkfsL isMG bfdl ,suKdyv isMG ZINzsf ,surjIq kOr brnflf ,sRImqI pRnIq kOr ,surjIq isMG rwKVf ny gyVy mfry hn. hor qF hor mrhUm gurcrn isMG tOhVf ny qF sLROmxI kmytI dy koty ‘coN ieQy 5 lwK rupey vI idwqy hn. pr bfbf jI ny ‘sFJ svyrf’ nfl gwlbfq kridaF ienHF sfiraF dIaF afsF’qy pfxI Pyr idwqf. AunHF ikhf ik sfzf iksy pfrtI nfl koeI sbMD nhIN,nf hI asIN sMgq nMU votF pfAux leI khFgy . AunHF ikhf ik ZwkI vfilaf vFg pihlF ieh lok Drm pRcfrkF df pRBfv vDdf vyK ky hfQI ‘qy cVHf idMdy hn. bfd ivc Aus dIaF kmIaF lwB ky aprfDIaF ijhf slUk vI krdy hn. lIzr BfvyN ik ieQy lgfqfr jf rhy hn pr bfbf jI ny iksy nMU hwQ nhIN PVfieaf. iesy dy nfl hI sMq bfbf dlyr isMMG ny rfjnIqI gRihx kridaf akflI AumIdvfr dI hmfieq krn df aYlfn vI kr idwqf. pitaflf ivc hI Coty-moty sMq kfPI hn, ijvyN ik sMq kMblI vfly,zyrf Drm Dwjf vfly hor keI,pr iewky rfDf suafmI siqsMg ibafs aqy hor sMqF df vI kfPI jn afDfr hY. BfvyN ik ienHF vwloN iksy nMU iblkuwl vI mdd krn leI nhIN ikhf jf irhf,pr lIzr ienHF kol vI jfxoN nhIN ht rhy,ijvyN ik isrsy vfly sMqF dy sLrDflU ,pMjfb hirafxf ,XU[pI, ihmfcl pRdysL ,rfjsQfn ivc qF kfPI igxqI ivc hn. iesy kfrn hirafxf dy iek zyry ivKy vI Em pRkfsL cOtflf, pRkfsL isMG bfdl ,mhfrfxI pRnIqkOr,suKbIr bfdl ,jgmIq brfV hI nhIN, sgoN ieQy siqsMg ivwc bhuq sfry lIzr hfjLrI Br rhy hn. ieQy zyry dy pYrokfrF vwloN pqf lwigaf ik ieh sMq iksy vI lIzr nMU ivsLysL krky nhIN imldy pr keI pRymI jo isafsq nfl vI juVy hoey hn, Auh ies drbfr df nF vrq ky isafsI lfhf jLrUr lYx dI socdy hn. Auh ieh vI socdy hn ik sMq sfzy vfly AumIdvfr dy pwK ivc huMgfrf Br dyx pr ‘sFJ svyrf’ nfl gwlbfq kridaF sMq ny afiKaf sI ik sfzf iksy rfjnIqk pfrtI nfl koeI sbMD nhIN. asIN kdy iksy nMU votF pfAux nMU nhIN afiKaf. pihlF jdoN vI ieho ijhf rOlf ipaf sI qF asIN rOikaf sI . AunHF afiKaf sI ik ieQy sfry afAuNdy hn,sfiraf nMU jI afieaf afKdy hF. pr sfzf rfjnIqI nfl koeI sbMD nhIN. votF dy mfmly ivc sMgq Kud muK iqafr hY.

suKbIr bfdl vwloN ivKfeI jfiedfd asl dy mukfbly lUx dy brfbr

mukqsr:- aYzvokyt gursfihb isMG brfV aqy ijLlHf kFgrs kmytI PrIdkot dy pRDfn aYzvokyt suirMdr iekbfl isMG brfV ny izptI kimsLnr PrIdkot pfso mMg kIqI hY ik pfrlImYNt sIt qoN akflI AumIdvfr suKbIr isMG bfdl vwloN afpxy nfmjLdgI pwqr nfl dfKl kIqy gey jfiedfd df vyrivaF’qy bfrIkI nfl njLrsfnI kIqI jfvy. ienHF afgUaF ny ikhf hY ik arbF rupey dI bynfmI cwl-awcl sMpqI bnfAux vfly bfdl pirvfr bfry bwcy-bwcy nMU pqf hY ik AunHF pfs lwKF rupey dI kImq vflIaF lgjLrI kfrF hn. eyar kMzIsLn koTIaF hn Aukq sInIar kFgrsI afgUaF ny ikhf ik akflI AumIdvfr ny isrP 14 kroV rupey dI afpxI jfiedfd df vyrvf ivKf ky kfnMUn dIaF awKF ivc Gwtf pfAux dI koisLsL kIqI hY. AunHF ikhf ik kvirMg AumIdvfr vjoN kfgjL dfKl krn vflI sRI bfdl dI pqnI hrismrq kOr ny vI aijhf krky cox inXmf dI AulMGxf kIqI hY. ienF afgUaF ny dfavf kIqf ik sRI bfdl vwloN ivKfeI geI afpxI jfiedfd asl mukfbly,msF aftoN ivc lUx dy brfbr hY. ienHF afgUaF ny izptI kimsLnr PrIdkot husn lfl qoN mMg kIqI hY ik pysL kIqy gey jfiedfd dy vyrivaF dI brIkI nfl GoK krn qoN bfad hI AumIdvfr nMU cox lVn dI afigaf idwqI jfvy. ienHF afgUaF ny akflI AumIdvfrF dy kfgjL dfKl krn smyN,akflI vrkrF vwloN zI sI dPqr PrIdkot dI kIqI geI BMnqoV dI sKq inKyDI kIqI hY. dosLI akflI dl iKlfP bxdI kfnMUnI krn dI vI mMg kIqI hY.

tOhVf pwKI bfdl dIaF kfrvfeIaF qoN nfrfjL

afnMdpur sfihb:-iswK isafsq dy BIsLm ipqfmf smJy jFdy aqy sLROmxI kmytI dI pRDfngI df 27 vfr qfj pihnx vfly mrhUm jQydfr gurcrn isMG tOhVf dI mOq AuprMq pMQ ‘c Aupijaf sog hfly mwTf vI nhI N sI hoieaf, jdoN sLRomxI kmytI dy aMdr dI siQqI afiq ivsPotk bx geI , jd ik jQydfr tOhVf dI byvkqI mOq AuprMq sLROmxI kmytI dI pRDfngI ‘qy kfbjL hoey DVy ny inXmF nMU iCwky tMg ky kmytI dy Auwc aiDkfrIaF aqy lfBdfiek ahuidaF nfl sbMDq afzr PfielF nMU afpxy kol mMgvf ilaf qF jo afpxy smrQkF nMU ienHF QfvF’qy inXukq kIqf jf sky. ijs kfrn sLROmxI kmytI’c tOhVf pwKIaF nMU afpxy pYrF hyToN jLmIn iKskdI idKfeI dyx lwgI. sLROmxI kmytI dy aMdrly sUqrF ny dwisaF ik kfbjL DVy dI ies muihMm nMU brykF AudoN lwgIaF jdoN sLRomxI akflI dl dy pRDfn pRkfsL isMG bfdl ny Aukq DVy dI KUb iKcfeI kIqI . ieQy ijLkrXog ieh hY ik jQydfr tOhVf aqy bfdl dy rylvyN qoN bfad sLROmxI kmytI dI vfg zor jQydfr tOhVf nMU sMBflx vyly dy aqy mOjUdf kmytI dy sInIar mIq pRDfn AudoN ivvfdF ‘c iGr gey sn jdoN ienHF ny afpxy hPqy ku dy kfrjkfl dOrfn sYNkiVaF dI igxqI’c afpxy smrQkF nMU axAuwicq ZMg nfl BrqI kr ilaf sI aqy jQydfr tOhVf ny muV pRDfn bx ky ies smyN dOrfn hoeIaF inXukqIaF ‘qy rok lgf idwqI sI.pqf ieh vI lwgf ik kmytI ‘qy ies vyly kfbjL DVy ‘qy akflI dl dy suprImo sLRI bfdl dI GurkI ny vI ijLafdf asr nf kIqf aqy ies DVy ny afpxI muihMm nMU nypry cfVHn leI srgrmIaF sLurU rwKIaF. sUqrF ny dwisaF ik jQydfr tOhVf dy smrQkF ny pfxI isr qoN twpdf dyK ky ieh mfmlf iPr qoN pfrtI pRDfn kol AuTfieaf aqy ies sbMDI tOhVf pwKIaF ny sRI bfdl nfl iek lMmI mIitMg vI kIqI. bfdl ny lok sBf coxF mOky sLROmxI kmytI dy aMdro-aMdrI ivrft rUp Dfr rhI ies byXkInI dI siQqI nMU BFpidaF sLROmxI kmytI’qy kfbjL DVy dy pr kuqrn df PYslf kr ilaf sI.sLROmxI kmytI sbMDI nvIN bxfeI pMj mYNbrI kmytI ijs’c sLROmxI kmytI dy sInIar pRDfn alivMdr isMG pwKoky ,mIq pRDfn kyvl isMG bfdl, afnryrI skwqr mnjIq isMG klwkqf,jnrl skwqr jQydfr suKdyv isMG sLfml hn. Aukq pMj mYNbrI kmytI ‘c bhumq jQydfr tOhVf pwKIaF df hI hY. sUqrF ny dwisaF ik sLRI bfdl vwloN jQydfr tOhVf pwKIaF’c AunHF dI mOq AuprMq vDdI byXkInI nMU dUr krn leI iesy DVy dy iek hor kmytI mulfjLm nMU Auwc ahudf idwqf igaf hY. ik sRI bfdl dI ies kfrvfeI qoN bfdl pwKI zfZy inrfsL ho gey hn.

muMzy df sfhb bx ky kFty Twgy

dunIaF bVI clfk hY. dUsira nMU mUrK bxfky ikvyN lok luwtdy hn. ies dI qfjLf Audfhrx hY,ipMz jogf isMG dy suKdyv isMG puwqr bcn isMG df 22 ku sfl df lVkf gurqyj isMG ipCly ZfeI ku virHaF qoN Poj ivc BrqI hox AuprMq dysL dI syvf inBf irhf hY . 16 apRYl vfly idn dupihry 11 ku vjy dy krIb suKdyv isMG dy Gr iek ivakqI afieaf. gwlbfq kridaF Auh kihx lwgf ik quhfzy lVky gurqyjL isMG ijhVf ik do idn pihlF hI afpxI CuwtI pUrI krky vfps afpxI izAUtI ‘qy igaf hY, mYN Ausdf aPsr hF. mYN iewDr afAuxf sI qy quhfzy byty ny ikhf ik sfzy Gr jLrUr ho ky afieE. mMuzy df sfhb AusdI mfqf nfl muMzy bfry aqy afpxIaF GrylU gwlF krdf irhf. gwlbfq kridaF Ausny ikhf ik QoVHy idnF qwk AusdI bytI dI sLfdI hY. Ausdy gihxy vgYrf bxfAuxy sn. ies bfry Auh iek idn quhfzy lVky gurqyjL isMG nfl gwlf kr irhf sI qF Aus ny ikhf ik sfhb myrI bIbI kol kFty bhuq vDIaF izjLfeIn dy hn.qusI Auh izjLfeIn dyKky Ausy qrHF dy kFty bxfAuxy. ikRpf krky qusI Auh kFty idKf idE. muMzy dy sfhb df hukm Blf muwzy dI bIbI ikvyN moVdI. Aus afpxy kFty sfhb dI JolI ‘cilaf rwKy. kFitaf df izjLfeIn dyKky vfh vfh kr df sfhb kihx lwgf ik sLfm nMU mYN afpxy pirvfr smyq iPr afAuxf hY, qusI myry leI bwkry df mIt aqy cOl bxfky rwKxf, asIN rfq rih ky jfvFgy. ieMnIN sux muMzy dI mF KusL hoeI kihx lwgI ik qusI kFty nf hI lY jfvo aqy pirvfr nfl rfey krky kFty bxny dy afAuxf qy sLfm nMU vfps lY afAuxf. qIjy idn muMzy nfl gwl hoeI. sfrI gwl dwsI qF muMzf kihx lwigaf ik sfzf sfhb qF sfzy kol hY. ieMnI sux idn idhfVy hoeI ies luwt bfry Qfxy ‘c irport ilKvfeI . ipMz dy mohqbr ivakqIaF ny ies nOsrbfjL nMU jldI PVn dI mMg kIqI hY.

sihjDfrI iswK nhIN pr gujrfl jQydfr

nkodr:- gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI dIaF coxF’c akflI sihjDfrIaF qoN vot df hwk Kohx nMU iPrdy hn pr mOkfpRsq isafsq dy mwdy njLr nrysL gujrfl nMU keI styjLF qoN jQydfr sMboDn krdy hn. jlMDr hlky qoN AunHF nMU cox lVn leI koeI akflI AumIdvfr nhIN lwiBaf. ieh sLbd mfl mMqrI amrjIq isMG smrf ny ipMz DfrIvfl,bfblky ,cfnIaF, guVf ,tfhlI ,husYnIvflf ‘c rfxf gurjIq isMG dy cox pRcfr‘c qyjI ilaAuNdy BrvyN iekwTF ‘c khy. AunHF ikhf ik ikMnHI sLrm vflI gwl hY ik iBRsLtfcfr dy kysF’c aMdr zwky bfdl dI jLmfnq’qy AunHF nMU akflIaF ny hIro vFg AuBfiraF jdoN ik kysf df ajy PYslf hoxf bfkI hY. AunHF ikhf ik 1997 qoN bfad jLrUrI cIjLf dy Bfa smfnI cVy ny,coxF leI PMz iewkTy krky kyNdr srkfr ny srmfeydfrF nMU lfB pucfAux leI aijhf kIqf. rfxf gurjIq isMG bfry bolidaF AunHF ikhf ik Auh pMjfb dI imwtI df jfieaf spUq hY. bMgf nyVy ipMz mMjfrf ‘c jnmy rfxf gurjIq isMG dy ipqf dljIq isMG ny XU[pI’c bfjpurf ivKy (hux JfrKMz) jMgl sfP krky KyqI krnI sLurU kr idwqI hY aqy iek kfmXfb iksfn bixaf . rfxf gurjIq isMG df pirvfr lgfqfr jlMDr rihMdf irhf. AunHF ikhf ik jdoN pMjfb srkfr ny vfgzor sMBflI,pMjfb isr pMjfh hjLfr kroV df krjf sI. ies krjLy‘qy qkrIbn ds kroV df rojfnf ivafj dyxf pYNdf hY. ienHF dyxdfrIaF krky pMjfb srkfr kol ieQoN qwk ik mulfjLmF nMU qnKfhF dyx leI vI pYsY nhIN sn. muwK mMqrI pMjfb dy XqnF krky hux gwzI lIh‘qy afeI hY. pMjfb dIaF sVkF dI murMmq jUn dy aMq qwk ho jfvygI. hr iek aYm[aYl[ey dy hlky ‘c vIh iklomItr nvIaF sVkF nxgIaF. jUn dy aMq qwk hr iek ipMz nMU 24 GMty ibjlI imlygI aqy hr iek Kyqr ivc ivkfs kfrj isrHy cfVHy jfxgy. ienHF ipMzF dy BrvyN iekwTF nMU armjIq isMG sohl,suKivMdr isMG puryvfl ,lyKrfj,rfxf mihMdrjIq isMG, surjIq isMG jOhl ,pRDfn mfrkIt kmytI ,srpMc amndIp isMG ,krnYl isMG mhyVU ,suirMdr kumfr bwDx ,srpMc iqRlocn isMG isDvf,hrbMs isMG,sUbydfr joigMdr isMG ,jsvIr Aupl,jsivMdr mMgf,srpMc blvIr kumfr ,suBfsL cMdr ,amrjIq ,srpMc ipafrf isMG ,kfmryz mohn isMG ,srbx isMG ,srpMc Bgq isMG buVI ipMz afid ny vI rfxf gurjIq isMG nMU ijqfAux dI apIl kIqI.

kFgrs hYzkuaftrjL ’qy hmlf

sLRI ngr :- jMmU ksLImr’c coxF ivruwD awqvfdI kfrvfeIaF idn b idn qyjL huMdIaF jf rhIaF hn. awj awqvfdIaF vwloN lok sBf coxF qoN do idn pihlF kFgrs pfrtI dy sQfnk hYzkuaftrjL aqy nYsLnl kfnPrMs dy cox kfPly ‘qy hmly kIqy gey. ienHF hmilaF dOrfn 12 lok jLKmI ho gey. jLKmIaF‘c pMj surwiKaf jvfn vI sLfml hn. imlI jfxkfrI anusfr awqvfdIaF ny kFgrs dy nfl cOk siQq hYzkuaftrjL‘qy iqMn grnyz dfgy, ijs kfrn

hYzkuaftrjL dI iemfrq nMU kfPI nuksfn puwjf. ksLmIr ryNj dy afeI[jI ky rijMdr kumfr dI iemfrq nMU qbfh krn afey sn. iesy dOrfn awqvfdIaF ny nYsLnl kfnPrMs dy iek cox kfPly ‘qy vI grnyzF nfl hmlf kIqf. dwsxXog hY ik awqvfdIaF ny lokF nMU coxF df bfeIkft krn dIaF DmkIaF idwqIaF sn. nvIN idwlI qoN kFgrs pfrtI dy bulfry aiNBsLyk mnMU isMGvI ny Aukq hmly dI inMdf kridaF ikhf ik ieh lokqMqr df Gfx hY.

ivsiraf mylf qj gey Xfr, koeI nf lvy vPf dI sfr

biTMzf:- agfmI lok sBf coxF nMU lY ky vwK-vwK isafsI pfrtIaF ny votrF nMU afpxy vwl iKcx leI pVHy-ilKy, buwDIjIvI vrg aqy isafsI sUJ rwKx vfly lok ienHF pfrtIaF dI hux qwk dI kfrgujLfrI bfry afpxIaF igxqIaF imxqIaF krn’c lwgy hoey hn. biTMzf ijLlHy dy ipMz pUhlI dy hridwq isMG dy pirvfr dI qrsXog hflq dIaF gwlF hr pVHy ilKy qy isafsI sUJ rwKx vfly dI jLubfn ‘qy hn. afpxy afp nMU pMQ dy alMbrfdfr aKvfAux vfly aqy tksflI afgUaF qy kurbfnI vfly pirvfrF nMU awgy ilafAux dIaF gwlF krn vfly sLRomxI akflI dl dy afgU iks qrHF afpxy vrkrF qy lokF dIaF BfvnfvF nfl iKlvfV krky AunHF dI sfr nhIN lYNdy. iesdI imsfl 36 sfl sLROmxI kmytI,iqMn vfr ivDfiek aqy mfrkIt kmytI dy cyarmYn rhy eImfndfr qy kurbfnI dy puMj mrhUm hridwq isMG phUlI dy pirvfr dI aiq qrsXog hflq qoN imldI hY,jo ik bfdl dI pMQ pRsqI ‘qy kflf dfg hY .ies pirvfr dI qrsXog hflq afpxy isr’qy pMQ pRsqI df qfj rwKI bYTy bfdl aYNz kMpnI dI pMQ pRsqI nMU nMgf hI nhIN kr rhI,sgoN hr swcy suwcy qy vPfdfr ivakqI nMU ieh socx leI mjbUr vI kr rhI hY ik ajokIaF rfjsI pRsiQqIaF ivc Aus dI vPf qy iemfndfrI df islf Aus dy Kfndfn dy ivnfsL dy rUp ivc imlygf.ieQy Aus hridq isMG dy pirvfr dI gwlkr rhy hF, ijs ny pMQ pRqI afpxI insLcf qy vPf ‘qy clidaF ivroDIaF vwloN idwqy gey vwzy-vwzy lflcF nMU lwq hI nhIN mfrI, sgoN Auwc ahuidaF ‘qy huMidaF ielfky dy ivkfs aqy byrujgfrF nMU rujgfr idvfAux leI ibnf loB-ielfky dy hfjLfrF nOjvfnF nMU nOkrIaF qF idvfieaf pr Ausdf afpxf pirvfr awj vI dfxy dfxy qoN muQfj hY.hridwq isMG pUhlI 1962 ivc biTMzf ijLlHy dy hlky pwkf klF (irjLrv) qoN asMblI cox ijqy, AuQy 1967 qy 1969 dIaF coxF ivc iksy ijLlHy dy hlkf nQfxf qoN ivDfiek bxy aqy 36 sfl lgfqfr sLROmxI kmytI dy mYNbr rhy. ies smyN dOrfn vI AunHF ny iemfndfrI qy sfdgI df pwlf nhIN Cizaf.ajokI KudgrjL qy mOkf pRsq pMQk afgUaF dy do Puwl vI nsIb nhIN hoey. mrhUm hridwq vwloN qfkq ivc huMidaF hoieaf vI afpxf Gr qwk vI nhIN bxfieaf igaf aqy Ausdf vwzf pirvfr ajy vI Aus smyN Ausfry gey iek kmry ivc gujfrf kr irhf hY. hridwq isMG dy do poqiraF Bolf isMG (jo ik iksy durGtnf ivcnkfrf ho cuwikaf hY) qy byaMq isMG jo ik ipMz’c idhfVIaF krky afpxf pirvfr pfl rhy hn, ny duKI mn nfl dwisaF ik Auh anykf vfr sLRomxI akflI dl dy pRDfn pRkfsL isMG bfdl smyq hornF akflI afgUaF nMU iml ky mdd leI Pirafd kr cuwky hn,pr AunHF dI ajy qwk iksy ny bFh sLfied AunHF dy dfdf hridwq isMG dIaF syvfvF qy kurbfnIaF nMU awj dy akflI afgU pUrI qrHF Bulf cwuky hn. AunHF afiKaf ik afpxy afp nMU tksflI akflI pirvfr dI puwqrI aKvfAux vflI prmjIq kOr gulsLn ijnHF nMU akflI-Bfjpf gwTjoV ny afpxf AumIdvfr bxfieaf hY,ny BfvyN do vfr ipMz pUhlI df gyVf lfieaf hY, pr AunHF vI hridwq isMG dy pirvfr dI bfq nhIN puwCI. ipMz pUhlI dy vfsIaF ny pwqrkfrF dI tIm nfl gwlbfq kridaF mrhUm hridwq isMG dy pirvfr dI bfq nhIN puwCI. ipMz phUlI dy vfsIaF ny pwqrkfrF dI tIm nfl gwlbfq kridaF mrhUm hridwq isMG dIaF kurbfnIaF aqy AunHF vwloN krvfey kMmF dy lMmy cOVy iksy suxfey, AuQy sLROmxI akflI dl dy afgUaF pRqI sKq ros vI pRgt kIqf qy afiKaf ik ies kurbfnI vfly pirvfr dI qrsXog hflq ny bfdl dy aKOqI pMQ pRsqI vfly nkfb nMU lfh idwqf hY. AunHF ikhf ik iek pfsy sRI bfdl biTMzf hlky qoN bIbI gulsLn nMU itkt dyx ipwCy AunHF dy pirvfr dI kurbfnI df siqkfr dws rhy hn, pr dUsry pfsy afpxf sfrf jIvn pMQ aqy akflI dl leI inCfvr krn vfly isrmfx nfl Auwcf krn vfly hridwq isMG dy pirvfr dI bfq qwk nhIN puwCI jf rhI.

bfdl ny pMjfb dy msly cOtflf dI JolI ‘c igrvI rwKy:rvIieMdr

ropV:- pMjfb dy sfbkf muwK mMqrI pRkfsL isMG bfdl ny cMzIgVH aqy hirafxf ivc afAux vflIaF lok sBf coxF leI hirafxf dy muwK mMqrI Em pRkfsL cOtflf dI pfrtI dy AumIdvfrF dI mdd krky pMjfb dy pfxI, pMjfbI boldy ielfky aqy rfjDfnI cMzIgVH ijhy muwK muiwdaFnMU cOtfly dI JolI ivc igrvI rwK idwf hY. ieh ies leI hoieaf ik pMjfb dIaF Aukq mMgF dI pUrqI ivc awj qIk sRI cOtflf hI aiVwkf irhf hY. ieh aYlfn pMjfb ivDfn sBf dy sfbkf spIkr aqy akflI dl1920 dy pRDfn rvIieMdr isMG ny sQfnk Kflsf skUl ivc afpxI pfrtI dI mIitMg nMu sMboDn krdy hoey kIqf. AunHF ikhf ik AunHF aqy AunHF dy pirvfr ny sRI bfdl nMU muwK mMqr bxfAux leI isrDV dI bfjLI lgfeI pr sRI bfdlny irsLqydfrf nfl,pMjfb nfl aqy iPr kOm nfl gdfrI kIqI. hux Ausny afpxy inwjI ihwqf leI afpxI BfeIvfl pfrtI nfl vI gdfrI sLurU kr idwqI hY. Auh pMjfb ivc Bfjpf dIiqMn sItF’qy mddlY irhf hY pr ivc 10 sItF ‘qy mdd lY irhf hY pr cMzIgVH hirafxf ivc kuwl 11 sItF ‘qy Bfjpf df ivroD kr irhf hY. AunHF pMjfbIaF nMU svfl kIqf ik jy Kudf nf Ksqf cOtfly dy cMzIgVH qy hirafxf dy lok sBf dy AumIdvfr ijwqy gey qF Auh pMjfb dy ihwqF dI gwl krngy. AunHF ikhf ik jy Auh ijwq gey qF kI pMjfb dy pfxIaF,rfjDfnI qy pMjfbI boldy ielfikaf ‘qy zfkf nhIN pY jfvygf. AunHF dosL lgfieaf ik ies qoNpRmuwK hY ik bfdl dI mwq mfrI geI hY qy Aus df hux KfqmF njLdIk qy XkInI hY. AuNHF sRI bfdlqy Ausdy pirvfr’qy BirsLtfcfr dy dosLlgfAuNdy hoey ikhf ik suKbIr isMG bfdl jo kwlLH df muMzf hY, kol 21 kroV rupey dI jfiedfd, jo Aus ny nfmjLdgI kfgjL Brn smyN idKfeI hY, ikQoN af geI. AunHF kol vI nhIN hY. AunHF ikhf ik kI ieh luwt df pRwqK sbUq nhINN hY? AunHF ikhf ik ies qoN vwzf JUT kI ho skdf hY ik suKbIr bfdk jo mrszIjL kfr qoN hyTf pYr nhIN rwKdf qy ijs dy Gr iqMn mrszIjL kfrF KVHIaF hn Auh kihMdf hY ik Aus pfs koeI kfr nhIN qy isrP iek trYkktr hY. sRI rvIieMdr isMG ny mrhUm gurcrn isMG tOhVf nMU pMQ rqn dI AupfDI dyx’qy hYrfnI pRgt krdy ikhf ik sRI bfdl,jgIr kOr qy ienHF df sfrf lotU sRI tOhVf nMU lgfqfr 4 sfl iBRsLt kihMdf irhf hux Aus nMU iks mMUh nfl pMQ rqn dI AupfDI idwqI geI. AunHF ikhf ik sRI bfdl dI ieko-iek iewCf hY ik iksy qrIky nfl Ausdf muMzf suKbIr bfdl mMqrI bx jfvy. rvIieMdr isMG ny kFgrs pfrtI dI vI nukqfcInI krdy ikhf ik ies pfrtI ivc muwK mMqrI hI cMgf hY bfkI sfry mfVy hn. ies mOky jorf isMG Buwlr,amrIk isMG ainl kOsLl aYzvOkyt ,avqfr isMG igwl jsmyr isMG cYVI ,jsvIr isMG DflIvfl ny vI sMboDn kIqf.

hux grIb df bwcf vI Xogqf dy afDfr’qy nOkrI pRfpq kr skygf:amirMdr isMG

iProjpur:- muwK mMqrI kYptn amirMdr isMG ny ikhf ik Auh pMjfb aMdr aijhf mfhOl bxf rhy hn, ijs nfl grIb df bwcf iksy vI srkfrI nOkrI nMU afpxI Xogqf dy afDfr ‘qy pRfpq kr skygf. nOkrI lYx leI pYsy nhIN dyxy pYxgy. muwK mMqrI awj sLfm kYNt dy sfrfgVHI gurduafry nyVy kFgrsI AumIdvfr sRI jgmIq isMG brfV dy cox jlsy nMU sMboDn kr rhy sn. AunFH nfl pMjfb kFgrs dy pRDfn aYc[aYs[ hMspfl,hMs rfj josn,zf[mihMdr irxvf ,sRI BwtI ,rivMdr isMG sMDU(sfry ivDfiek)isafsI skwqr rfxf gurmIq isMG soZI qy ijLlHy dy ahodydfr hfjLr sn. kYptn amirMdr isMG ny afiKaf ik rfj ivc kfnMUn dI amIr aqy grIb vfsqy iek smfn mirafdf bxfAux vfsqy sfbkf muwK mMqrI pRkfsL isMG bfdl aqy Aus dy 10 mMqrIaF nMU jylH aMdr dyxf jrUrI hY,qF ik afm ivakqI ieh socx leI mjbUr ho jfvy ik jykr iBRsLtfcfr krn’qy muwK mMqrI nMU sjLf ho skdI hY,qF Auh vI kfnMUn dI igRPq ivc af skdf hY. ies nfl iBRsLtfcfr nMU lgfm lwg jfvygI. AunHF ikhf ik Bfjpf df’PIl guwz’ PYktr isrP dysL dy iek PIsdI amIr GrfixaF qwk hI sImq hY hkIkq ivc awj vI iekwly pMjfb aMdr iek lwK35 hjLfr prvfr grIbI ryKf qoN hyTF hn, jo ik iek ZMg dI rotI vI nhIN KFdy hoxgy. kYptn ny afiKaf ik aYwn[zI[ey[ srkfr iksfnf dI brbfdI df sfmfn pUrI qrHF iqafr krI bYTI hY. AunHF dwisaF ik ienHF dI aYm[aYs[pI[ (Gwto-Gwt smrwQn muwl) Kqm krn dI nIXq bxI hoeI hY. AunHF dwisaF ik pfiksqfnI dOry dOrfn pfiksqfnI dy muwK mMqrI pRvyjL ielfhI nfl ieDroN kxk Byjx sMbMDI ivcfr-vtFdrF kIqf igaf,ikAuNik pfiksqfn kxk nMU 1850 rupey kuieMtl dy ihsfb nfloN bfhroN mMgvfAuNdf hY ,jd ik ieQoN 640 rupey iml jfvygI. AunHF dwisaF ik Bfjpf srkfr dI imlIBugq nfl hr sfl 260 lwK pfiksqfn jFdI hY,ijs ivc munfPf vwzy vpfrIaF nMU huMdf hY, iksfnF nMU nhIN . AunHF ies sMbMDI iek pwqr pRDfn mMqrI sRI atl ibhfrI vfjpfeI nMU vI iliKaf sI.muwK mMqrI ny husYnIvflf bfrzr KolHx sMbMDI Brosf idwqf. pMjfb kFgrs dy pRDfn aYwc[aYs[ hMspfl ny afpxy sMboDn ivc afiKaf ik AunHF dI srkfr vwloN gurdfspur ,aMimRqsr aqy iProjpur leI kyNdr srkfr nMU ikhf jfvygf. AunHF ikhf ik pUry dysL aMdr kFgrs dI lihr cwl rhI hY,ijs krky Bfjpf df sPfieaf ho jfvyg. AunHF sRI jgmIq isMG brfV bfry BgOVf kihx sMbMDI afiKaf ik Kud kOmI pRDfn sonIaF gFDI dI mrjLI nfl hI sRI brfV iPropur qoN cox lV rhy hn. AunHF pMjfb dIaF 13 dIaF13 sItF ijwqx df dfavf vI kIqf. ies rYlI nMU hor nf nyqfvF ny vI sMboDn kIqf.

pitaflf dI mhfrfxI aslIaq ‘c mhfrfxI

GnOr :- mhfrfxI dI jfiedfdf kroV rupey dwsI geI hY. sLRImqI pRnIq kOr ny afpxI kYsL aqy invysL dy rUp ‘c kuwl jfiedfd 1 kroV 69 lwK dy lgBg hoxI dwsI hY. ijs dy vyrvy ivc AunHF nkdI dy rUp ‘c 55 hjLfr bYNkF’c 26[88 lwK afpxy Kfqy ivc aqy sFJy KfiqaF ivc 2[77 lwK rupey jmHf hn. bFzjL,izbYNcrsLyar dy rUp’c AunHF kol afpxy 2[08 lwK aqy sFJy pirvfr 47[59 lwK aqy 17[85 lwK dy lgBg dy invysL hn. sLRImqI pRnIqkOr ny vhIklF dy rUp ivc toietf kfr kImq 7[82 lwK rupey,ijAUlrI dy rUp ’c 10[53 aqy 11[70 lwK rupey dy gihxy AunHF kol hn. sLRImqI kOr ny shMu pwqr ivc dwisaF ik hor cl acl jfiedfd dy rUp ’c AunHF dy afpxy 18[40 lwK rupey aqy sFJy pirvfr dy rUp ’c 2[91 lwK aqy 10[01 lwK rupey invysL kIqy geyhn. sLRImqI pRnIqkOr ny shuM pwqr ivc iksy vI qrHF df srkfrI bkfieaf ibjlI,tYlIPon aqy srkfrI vhIkl jF hvfeI jhfjLF dy ikrfey dy rUp’c bkfieaf nf hox dI gwl khI hY. 59 sflf sLRImqI pRnIq kOr ny dwisaF ik Auh isLmlf dy skUl ‘c pVHI aqy isLmlf aqy pMjfb XUnIvristI’coN bI[ey[ pfs kIqI hoeI hY. sLRImqI pRnIq kOr ny awj kfgjLfqF dy cfr sYtw dfKl kIqy ijnHF ivc qjvIjLkrqfvF ivc ivwq mMqrI lfl isMG,baMimRqsr:-(suirMdr kOr) aMimRqsr lok sBf hlky dy Bfjpf dy AumIdvfr nvjoq iswDU ny nfmjLdgI kfgjL Brdy smyN afpxI jfiedfd df ibErf idwqf, ijs ivc Aus dy kol 17 lwK,40 hjLfr rupey nkd,jdik bYNk ivc 3 lwK 25 hjLfr rupey hn. boNz aqy vwKvwK kMpnIaF dy sLyar iek kroV rupey ,63lwK 52 hjLfr, 326 rupey postl syivMg qy hor 6 lwK ,78 hjLfr 574 rupey hn. AunHF ny ibEry ivc awgy dwisaF ik AunHF kol vfhnF ivc 13 lwK dI kImq dI iek toietf lYn klUsr,24 lwK dI kImq dI imqsqusLI pyjfro aqy 11 lwK 50 hjLfr rupey dI korflf hY aqy hor ibAUry ivc AunHF dy kol 13 lwK 89 hjLfr,72 hjLfr dy ielfvf pitaflf dy aMdr CotI bfrFdrI ivc 45 lwK rupey dI iek iblizMg ,35 lwK dI iek iblizMg 45 lwK df iek sLoarUm,20-20 lwK dIaF do iblizMgF,14 lwK rupey dI iblizMg dy ielfvf sYNtrl aYnklyv ivc 1919 vrg 40 lwK dI iek kotI, ies dyielfvf XfdivMdr kflonI pitaflf ivc 40 lwK df iekk Gr vI hY. jd ik dUsry pfsy AunHF dI pqnI nvjoq kOr iswDU dy kol 1 lwK ,24 hjLfr 828 rupey,postl syivMg qy hor 8 lwK,65 hjLfr, 842rupey,gihxy 5lwK,88 hjLfr rupey asYsrI qy hor aYst 2 lwK 56 hjLfr ,587 rupey CotI bfrFdrI pitaflf ivc 45 lwK dI iek iblizMg qy 14-14 lwK dIaF do iblizMg dy ielfvf 1224 vrg gjL dI iekiblizMg ijs dI kImq 25 lwK rupey dy krIb hY. bRhm mihMdrf,vyd pRkfsL gupqf,jsjIq isMG sLfml hn. pRnIqkOr dy kvirMg AumIdvfr AunHF dy puwqr rxieMdr isMG ny vI cfr sYwt kfgjLfq dfKl kIqy.

rxieMdr isMG vI kroVpqI: pitaflf qoN kFgrsI AumIdvfr sLRImqI pRnIq kOr dy spuwqr rxieMdr isMG ny awj afpxy kfgjLfq dfKl krdy smyNafpxI jfiedfd dy vyrivaf ‘qy jo shMu pwqr dfkl kiqf hY Aus’c Aus ny afpxI 7 kroV dI acl jfiedfd aqy 1kroV 53 lwK78 hjLfr dy lgBg dI nkd aqy invysL dy rUp’c cl jfiedfd df vyrvf Biraf hY jdoN ik AunHF afpxy pirvfr dy hornF mYNbrF nfl imlky 74[33 lwK dy invysL aqy 23[52 lwK dI jLmIn jfiedfd df vyrvf hoxf mMinaf hY. muwKmMqrI kY[amirMdr isMG dy puwqr ny shuM pwqr ivc AunHF ivruwD iksy vI srkfrI sMsQfn df koeI bkfieaf nhIN dyxf hY. iqMn hornF ny kfgjLfq dfKl kIqy: pitaflf lok sBf Kyqr ‘coN awj pMj AumIdvfrF ny keI keI sYwt kfgjLfqF dy dfier kIqy ijnHF ivc tksflI kFgrs mMc vwlLoN sLRImqI ikRsLnf zfhrI,jYpfl ,ibMdrkOr,pRmjIq kOr (cfr sYwt) rxieMdr isMG(cfr sYwt) sLfml hn.

nvjoq iswDU kol vI mfieaf Gwt nhIN

aMimRqsr(suirMdr kOr):- aMimRqsr lok sBf hlky dy Bfjpf dy AumIdvfr nvjoq iswDU ny nfmjLdgI kfgjL Brdy smyN afpxI jfiedfd df ibErf idwqf, ijs ivc Aus dy kol 17 lwK,40 hjLfr rupey nkd,jdik bYNk ivc 3 lwK 25 hjLfr rupey hn. boNz aqy vwKvwK kMpnIaF dy sLyar iek kroV rupey ,63lwK 52 hjLfr, 326 rupey postl syivMg qy hor 6 lwK ,78 hjLfr 574 rupey hn. AunHF ny ibEry ivc awgy dwisaF ik AunHF kol vfhnF ivc 13 lwK dI kImq dI iek toietf lYn klUsr,24 lwK dI kImq dI imqsqusLI pyjfro aqy 11 lwK 50 hjLfr rupey dI korflf hY aqy hor ibAUry ivc AunHF dy kol 13 lwK 89 hjLfr,72 hjLfr dy ielfvf pitaflf dy aMdr CotI bfrFdrI ivc 45 lwK rupey dI iek iblizMg ,35 lwK dI iek iblizMg 45 lwK df iek sLoarUm,20-20 lwK dIaF do iblizMgF,14 lwK rupey dI iblizMg dy ielfvf sYNtrl aYnklyv ivc 1919 vrg 40 lwK dI iek kotI, ies dyielfvf XfdivMdr kflonI pitaflf ivc 40 lwK df iekk Gr vI hY. jd ik dUsry pfsy AunHF dI pqnI nvjoq kOr iswDU dy kol 1 lwK ,24 hjLfr 828 rupey,postl syivMg qy hor 8 lwK,65 hjLfr, 842rupey,gihxy 5lwK,88 hjLfr rupey asYsrI qy hor aYst 2 lwK 56 hjLfr ,587 rupey CotI bfrFdrI pitaflf ivc 45 lwK dI iek iblizMg qy 14-14 lwK dIaF do iblizMg dy ielfvf 1224 vrg gjL dI iekiblizMg ijs dI kImq 25 lwK rupey dy krIb hY.