mfzrn mhMqF ƒ gurduafiraF `coN bfhr ikvyN kwiZaf jfvy?

 11 julfeI dIaF sLoRmxI kmytI coxF qoN bfad bfdlikaF vwloN sLoRmxI kmytI `qy iek vfr iPr kbjLf kr ley jfx mgroN pMQk hlikaF ivc zfZI icMqf psr geI hY. gurduafrf suDfr lihr mgroN gurduafiraF df pRbMD sucwjy ZMg nfl clfAux leI ‘gurduafrf aYkt’ aDIn 1925 `c sLoRmxI gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI dI sQfpnf hoeI sI. pr iesdI kfrgujLfrI `c idnoN-idn afAuNdy gey inGfr ny idwlI gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI, XU[pI[ iswK pRqIinD borz, jMmU-ksLmIr gurduafrf borz, pfiksqfn gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI, amrIkn gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI, XUrpIan gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI, hirafxf gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI qy hor keI kmytIaF ƒ jnm dy idwqf hY.

iksy vyly 500 qoN Aupr ieiqhfsk gurduafiraF dI sFB-sMBfl leI ijLMmyvfr bxfeI sLoRmxI gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI awj isrP 150 dy krIb ieiqhfsk gurduafiraF df pRbMD vI sucwjy ZMg nfl clfAuxoN asmrwQ ikAuN ho geI hY? iesdIaF hr coxF mgroN hflq bdqr hI ikAuN huMdI jf rhI hY? 1925 qoN hux qk hoeIaF 18 dy krIb sLoRmxI kmytI coxF `c cuxy jFdy mYNbrF df ikrdfr hyTF ƒ ikAuN jf irhf hY? iesdf iek hI vwzf kfrn hY ‘gurduafrf aYkt’ df BfrqI pfrlImYNt dI CqrCfieaf hyT GiVaf jfxf qy gurduafrf kimsLn df BfrqI pRDfn mMqrI dy aDIn hoxf!

sLoRmxI gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI ny aMgryjLF dy ipwTU mhMqF koloN gurduafry afjLfd qF krvf ley, pr kfƒnI dfapycF `c AulJky aMq BfrqI gulfmI pRvfn kr leI. awj BfrqI pfrlImYNt, BfrqI pRDfn mMqrI, BfrqI hom minstrI dI jLbrdsq pkV hyT kMm kr rhy ‘gurduafrf kimsLn’ dI aDIngI hyT kMm kr rhI sLoRmxI gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI gurduafiraF df afjLfd pRbMD ikvyN isrj skdI hY? ies hflq ƒ dUridRsLtI nfl BFpidaF 1920 `c gurduafiraF dIaF cfbIaF iswKF hwQ PVfAux vfly aMgryjL aPsr dy sfhmxy hI iek iswK ny afK idwqf sI, “mhMqF ƒ qF asIN gurduafiraF `coN bfhr kwZ idwqf hY, pr hux ijhVf pRbMD asIN isrj rhy hF, Auh ies qoN vI mfVf sfbq ho skdf hY qy ajoky pRbMDk nvyN mhMq sfbq ho skdy hn.”

BfrqI pRbMD hyT afeI sLoRmxI gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI dy mYNbr awj mfzrn mhMqF df rUp Dfr gey hn. gurduafry ‘Drm pRcfr’ dy kyNdr nf rihky isafsq qy guMzfgrdI dy awzy bx cuwky hn. gurduafiraF `qy isafsq ies kdr hfvI ho cuwkI hY ik gurduafrf coxF ijwqx leI sLrfb qy kMjrIaF dy nfc sLryafm hox lwg pey hn qy koeI ienHF `qy KuwlHky ieqrfjL vI nhIN krdf. idwlI drbfr dy iesLfiraF `qy gurduafiraF ƒ guMzfgrdI dy awzy bxfAux leI ‘pysLyvr guMzy’ BrqI krky ‘tfsk PorsF’ bxfeIaF geIaF hn.

hr sLoRmxI kmytI mYNbr ny afpxy hlky ƒ afpxI irafieaf bxfieaf hoieaf hY, ijQy Auh kdy ‘Drm pRcfr’ leI qF BfvyN ikqy ivhl kwZ sky, pr sLrfb dIaF pytIaF dI igxqI Ausny jLrUr mukwrr kIqI hoeI hY qy ieh imQy smyN `qy gurduafrf mYnyjrF kol phuMc jFdIaF hn. sLrfb dy sLOkIn sLoRmxI kmytI mYNbr sLbfb dy vI cMgy sLOkIn hn. sLoRmxI kmytI pRbMD hyT cwldy lVkIaF dy skUlF qy kfljF dIaF ipRMsIplF sbMDq ielfky dy sLoRmxI kmytI mYNbr leI ‘nvIaF mYzmF’ pRdfn krn leI dlfl vjoN kMm kr rhIaF hn. ienHF skUlF-kfljF `c tIcr lwgI hoeI hr lVkI ƒ nOkrI hfsl krn dy ievjL `c sbMDq ielfky dy sLoRmxI kmytI mYNbr dI ‘srIrk KfqrdfrI’ krn leI mjbUr hoxf pYNdf hY qy nFh-nuwkr krn vflI df hsLr ‘swcy sOdy’ vfilaF nfloN vI BYVf kIqf jFdf hY.

sLoRmxI kmytI dy kuwl 175 mYNbrF `coN qkrIbn 150 mYNbrF df ieh mMdf hfl hY. ienHF sfiraF ny sLoRmxI gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI ƒ ‘isafsI pOVIaF’ cVHn df iek vsIlf bxfieaf hoieaf hY qy ienHF df Drm nfl dUr df vI vfsqf nhIN. isqm ieh hY ik tOhVy dI mOq mgroN kfrjkfrI pRDfn bxfey hoey alivMdrpfl isMG pwKoky aqy swucf isMG lMgfh vrgy sLoRmxI kmytI dy ijLMmyvfr bMdy vI ihMdUqvIaF dy `crn prsx’ ƒ hI iswKI dI syvf smJdy hn. hirmMdr sfihb `c afAux vfly hr ihMdU lIzr ƒ Aucycf mfx idwqf jFdf hY, BfvyN iksy iswK ƒ koeI mfx imly jF nf.

sLoRmxI kmytI `qy ‘mfzrn mhMqF’ dy rUp `c kfbjL hoey mYNbrF dI cox df pRmuwK kfrn BfrqI bhu igxqI pRbMD hyT lfgU kIqf igaf ‘gurduafrf aYkt’ hY. BfrqI cox pRxflI kdI vI gurmiq anusfrI nhIN ho skdI ikAuNik gurmiq ivc qF srbsMmqI nfl cox krn dI hI iprq hY. jykr gurU nfnk sfihb BfrqI bhu igxqI cox pRxflI muqfibk BfeI lihxy dI cox krdy, qF kdy vI sPl nf ho skdy ikAuNik bhu-igxqI lok qF guxF dy mflk qy iswK lihr dy agly vfrs ‘lihxy’ ƒ smJ hI nhIN sky sn. iesy qrHF gurU amr dfs, gurU rfmdfs, gurU arjn qy gurU hirgoibMd sfihb dI srb-sMmqI nfl cox huMdI rhI hY. ieQy qF Selection hY, Election nhIN!

iswKI rvfieqF muqfibk iswK sMgq ny afpxy numfieMdy Kud nfmjLd krny hn, nf ik hux vFg isafsI pfrtIaF dy Tosy bMidaF ƒ votF pf ky sMqusLt ho jfxf hY. ies ‘sLfrtkwt’ ny sfzf jlUs kwZ ky rwK idwqf hY. ‘srbwq KflisaF’ dy dOr ivc vI sMgq dy numfieMdy hI hr qrHF df pRbMD (gurduafrf pRbMD smyq) sMBfldy rhy hn. pr hux sfzI avyslqf df lfhf lY ky bfdlikaF ny ieh pRcfrnf sLurU kr idwqf hY ik, “sLoRmxI kmytI hI srbwq Kflsf hY”. kI sLrfbF dy lMgr lgf ky sLrfbI mYNbrF dI cuxI hoeI sLoRmxI kmytI ƒ ‘srbwq Kflsf’ afiKaf jf skdf hY? ‘srbwq Kflsf’ qF iek afjLfd sMsQf sI, jdik sLoRmxI kmytI BfrqI hukmrfnf dI burI qrHF gulfm hY. ieh iswKF ƒ mUrK bxfAux vflf sLosLf hY, jo hr vfrI coxF mOky pRcfr idwqf jFdf hY.

kIqf kI jfvy?

*    gurduafrf pRbMD `c afey ienHF ivgfVF dy hwl vjoN kuJ iswK ivdvfnF ny ‘afl ieMzIaf gurduafrf aYkt’ bxfAux dI gwl kIqI hY, jo gurduafrf aYkt dI mOjUdf gulfmI `coN bfhr inklx dI bjfey nvIN gulfmI shyVn vflI gwl hY. jdoN sfzI sLoRmxI kmytI pMjfb dy gurduafry hI shI ZMg nfl nhIN clf skdI, qF sfry Bfrq dy gurduafry ies ƒ sONp ky hor jlUs kZfAux dI kI loV ey? myry ivcfr anusfr mOjUdf ‘gurduafrf aYkt’, gurmiq sBfvF, gMRQI sBfvF, iswK jQybMdIaF qy sMsQfvF afid dy hvfly kr idwqf jfvy, jo iswKI rvfieqF anusfr ies ivc soD krn aqy ienHF dI kIqI soD Aupr hI srkfr mohr lfAux dI pfbMd hovy. iswKF dy gurduafiraF `c srkfr df ivMgf-tyZf iksy iksm df koeI dKl nf hovy. aMimRqsr dy izptI kimsLnr qoN sLoRmxI kmytI dy gTn df aYlfn krn aqy cox pRikiraf ivc sLfml hox dy aiDkfr vfps ley jfx, jo hux Ausdy kol hn.

*    hr sfl ‘srbwq Kflsf’ dI qrjL Auqy sfry iswKF df pRqIinwD iekwT jLrUr swidaf jfvy, ijs ivc iswK msilaF Auqy KuwlH ky ivcfrF hox. ieh iekwT koeI vI srb-sFJf ivakqI ikqy vI swd skdf hY. ies nfl bfdlikaF dI pRcfrI hoeI ‘sLoRmxI kmytI hI srbwq Kflsf hY’ dI byqukI Dfrnf Kud-b-Kud rwd ho jfvygI. ies iekwT vloN pfs kIqy gurmqy srbwq sMgq Auqy lfgU krvfAux leI kfƒnI afsrf vI ilaf jfvy qy ieh sLoRmxI kmytI Auqy vI lfgU hox. ijhVf vI iswK jF iswK sMsQf ienHF gurmiqaF ƒ lfgU krn qoN afnf-kfnI kry, AunHF ƒ Xog sjLf df pRbMD hovy.

*    hr sLoRmxI kmytI hlky dIaF isMG sBfvF, gMRQI sBfvF, iswK sMsQfvF, sMgq dy sihXog nfl (ijs ivc Gwto-Gwt 10,000 iswK jLrUr hox) sLoRmxI kmytI leI numfieMdy inXukq krn. sLoRmxI kmytI leI numfieMdy dI cox guxF dy aDfr `qy kIqI jfvy aqy ieh XkInI bxfieaf jfvy ik koeI vI ivakqI do vfr qoN vwD sLoRmxI kmytI df mYNbr nf bx sky.

*    ivdysLI iswKF ƒ vI sLoRmxI kmytI `c pRqIinDqf jLrUr idwqI jfvy. ivdysLI numfieMdy vI guxF dy aDfr `qy srb-sMmq pRbMD nfl hI cuxy jfx, zflrF-pONzF dI syvf vyK ky nhIN! ivdysLI iswK sMgqF sQfnk pwDr Auqy vDIaf pRbMD clf skdIaF hn. ies leI sQfnk gurduafrf kmytIaF bxf ky sbMDq dysL dy kfƒn muqfibk rijstrz krvfeIaF jfx.

*    sLoRmxI kmytI mYNbr bxn vfly ivakqI qoN ieh pRx pwqr jLrUr ilaf jfvy ik Auh gurduafry ƒ isafsq clfAux leI nhIN vrqygf qy jy Ausny BivwK `c isafsq `c jfxf hovy qF sLoRmxI kmytI dI mYNbrI qoN asqIPf dy ky jfvygf.

*    sLoRmxI kmytI bjt df 90 PIsdI ihwsf ‘Drm pRcfr’ aqy smfj BlfeI dy kMmF leI Krc kIqf jfvy. bfkI 10 PIsdI aYmrjYNsI vfsqy rfKvF rwK ilaf jfvy. ‘Drm pRcfr’ leI afDuink sMcfr sfDnf (tI[vI[ cYnlF, ryzIAu, kMipAUtr, ieMtrnYWt) dI BrpUr vrqoN kIqI jfvy aqy iswK ivwidak adfry qy hspqfl KolHx `qy ivsLysL jLor idwqf jfvy. gurduafiraF `coN hr qrHF dIaF mnmwqF bMd kIqIaF jfx. dyg krfAux qy aKMz pfT krfAux df pfKMz vI bMd kIqf jfvy (Xfd rhy dyg krfky gurU hjLUr ByNt krn dI rIq gurU sfihbfn vyly cwldI sI. pihlF dyg gurU jI qoN pRvfn krfeI jFdI sI qy Pyr sMgq `c vrqfeI jFdI sI. jdik hux gurU gRMQ sfihb ƒ gurgwdI imlI hox dy bfvjUd vI dyg krfky iljfx df Brm quiraf af irhf hY          qy sLoRmxI kmytI vfilaF ny dyg krfAux dI Bytf rwK ky ies ƒ dukfndfrI `c bdl ilaf hY. iehI hfl aKMz pfTF df hY, Auh vI dukfndfrI df rUp Dfr gey hn. hux aKMz pfT ieMtrnYWt `qy buwk huMdy hn qy eI-myl rfhIN hukmnfmf Byjx df islislf qur ipaf hY).

ajoky iBRsLt hoey gurduafrf pRbMD `coN mfzrn mhMqF ƒ bfhr kwZx leI Auprokq AuprfilaF dI sKq loV hY. ijMnI dyr sfzf gurduafrf pRbMD gurmiq dIaF lIhF `qy nhIN qurdf, iswK kOm dI cVHdI klf hoxI bhuq musLikl hY. afE, gurduafrf pRbMD Auqy BfrqI hukmrfnF dI bdOlq kfbjL ho cuwky mfzrn mhMqF ƒ GVIs ky lFBy krn ihwq lihr AuBfrn leI kmrkwsy krIey. 

mihMdr isMG ccrfVI