nvMbr 24, 2005

1. myry pMjfb awj  qyrf kOx vflI ? rfjf byprvfh, msq qy Ëflm, ivroDI iDr hNOsly qy akl qoN KflI.

2. ab kI bfrI dyÈ qoVny kI iqafrI

3. hirafxf ‘c vWKrI sRomxI kmytI: Auicq jF anuicq

4. pMjfb aqy do dI igxqI df ieiqhfs

5. smF sdf ieko ijhf nhIN rihMdf

6. isWK gulfmI dI khfxI:-do byjLbfn GoiVaF dI jLbfnI

myry pMjfb awj  qyrf kOx vflI ? rfjf byprvfh, msq qy Ëflm, ivroDI iDr hNOsly qy akl qoN KflI.

ismrnjIq isMG mfn, pRDfn sLRomxI akflI dl aMimRqsr

pMjfb dI mOjUdf kFgrs srkfr cIP minstr kYptn amirMdr isMG dI agvfeI hyT afpxy pMj sflf sPr ivwcoN lwgBwg sfZy iqMn sfl pUry kr cuwkI hY . ies sMbMDI koeI do rfvF nhIN ik kFgrs pfrtI aqy ivÈyÈ krky kYptn amirMdr isMG ny afpxy cox mYnIPYsto ivc jo vfady kIqy sn, AunHF ƒ pUrf nhIN kIqf igaf . Aultf hflq ieh hY ik lokF ivwc srkfr dI pfilsI ƒ lY ky hI BMblBUsf bixaf hoieaf hY .

          ijQoN qwk kYptn amirMdr isMG dI kurwpÈn ivruwD ivwZI muihMm df svfl hY, ieh qF hux Tuws ho cuwkI hY . kurwpÈn dI ieh muihMm srdfr pRkfÈ isMG bfdl ivrwuD vI isrP ies leI hI sI ikAuNik bfdl ny 1997 dIaF coxF ivwc kYptn  ƒ itkt nhIN sI idwqI. ies leI kYptn ny bfdl nfl afpxI ikV kwZx leI bfdl, Ausdy pirvfr aqy AusdI pfrtI dy hor afgUaF Auqy byiemfnI dy kys drj krvfey. BfvyN kYptn amirMdr isMG ny ieh kys inwjI rMijÈ kwZx leI drj krvfey sn pr ieh vI swcfeI hY ik bfdl, Ausdy pirvfr qy pfrtI dy afgUaF ny srkfr ivwc rihMdy hoey byhwd kurwpÈn kIqI sI aqy pMjfb dy KËfny ƒ rwj ky luwitaf sI . hux s[ amirMdr isMG ny iehnF sfry mukwdimaF ƒ kfƒn dy rfhIN TMzy bsqy ivwc pf idwqf hY . dUjy pfsy srdfr bfdl awj kwlH ijs qrHF dI isafsq kr rhy hn Aus ƒ dyKidaF ieMJ lgdf hY ijvyN kYptn sfihb ny s[ bfdl Auqy kfTI pf leI hY . bVI hYrfnI dI gwl hY ik s[ amirMdr isMG ny pMjfb aqy pMQ pRqI iewk qoN bfad iewk glq PYslf ilaf pr bfdl sfihb mUMh ivwc GUMgxIaF pfeI bYTy rhy. asYNblI ivwc mwuK ivroDI iDr dy lIzr hox dy bfvjUd AuhnF kYptn dy iehnF glq PYsilaF ivwruD kdy Ëubfn nhIN KolI . kYptn srkfr ny pMjfb dy pfxIaF sMbMDI ‘‘trmInyÈn aYkt`` qF pfs kr idwqf pr ies dI dPf 5 ijs ivc hirafxf, rfjsQfn aqy idwlI ƒ pMjfb df pfxI  gYr sMivDfink qrIky nfl jfx qy shI pfeI hoeI hY, ƒ ijAuN dI iqAuN hI rihx idwqf. bfdl qy AuhnF dy aYm[aYl eyË[ awKF mIt ky ies aYkt Awuqy dsqKq kr afey, koeI ivroDqf hI nhIN kIqI . sgoN Aultf aYkt dy pfs hox qoN 2 idn bfad bfdl sfihb ny aKbfrF vfilaF dy puwCx qy AuhnF ƒ bhuq hI gYr ijMmyvfrfnf qy hfsohIxf jvfb idwqf -‘‘aKy, mYN qF aYkt ƒ cMgI qrHF piVaf hI nhIN sI.`` kI ieh iËMmyvfr lIzrF vflI gwl hY? hux 1984 dy iswK kqlyafm sMbMDI nfnfvqI kimÈn dI irport afeI hY ijs ivwc shI qwQ hI pyÈ nhIN kIqy gey hn. ies mfmly ivwc vI sYNtr dI kFgrs srkfr ny kfqlF ƒ sËf idvfAux bfry lMmf smF cuwpI vwtI rwKI aqy koeI kfrvfeI hI nhIN kIqI. bfdl sfihb ies bfry vI kuJ nhIN boly . AunHF ny pihlF pMjfb aqy idwlI ivwc nfnfvqI kimÈn dI irport iKlfP muËfhry krn df aYlfn kIqf sI pr bfad ivwc ipwCy ht gey.

          pMjfb ivwc zyZ dhfkf cwlI jwdo jihd bfry kYptn ny pihlF ikhf sI ik iswK juJfrUvfd dI ies lihr sMbMDI kimÈn bxf ky jfieËf ilaf jfvygf aqy AusdI irport anusfr kfrvfeI hovygI. pr bfad ivc Auh ies gwl qoN muwkr gey aqy bfdl sfihb ny vI amirMdr isMG dI GurkI qoN zrdy hoey ies mfmly qy cuwpI Dfr leI . mgroN tI[vI[ Auqy iewk bymfienf aqy byiswtf ijhI bihs idKf ky lokF dIaF awKF ivwc Gwtf pfAux dI koiÈÈ kIqI geI . vfjpfeI aqy mnmohn isMG ny vwK-vwK mOky pMjfb af ky dirafvF ƒ joVn dI gwl kIqI jo ik sMivDfn dy srfsr Ault hY. ies mfmly ivc bfdl qy kYptn dovF ny hI kdy vI afpxy ienHF akfvF dI gwl ƒ nhIN kwitaf qy cuwp DfrnI hI byhqr smJI .

          hfl hI ivwc jdoN pRfeIm minstr mnmohn isMG pMjfb afey qF kYptn amirMdr isMNG ny pMjfb aqy iswKF dIaF icrF qo ltkdIaF mMgF ivwcoN iksy iek bfry vI pRfeIm minstr nfl gwl nhIN kIqI . pMjfb dI ieko-iek kudrqI pUMjI pfxI AuWqy gvFZI sUby hirafxf, idwlI, cMzIgV aqy rfjsQfn ny ies qrHF nËrF jmfeIaF hoeIaF hn ijvyN ibwlI dI nËr duwD Auqy huMdI hY jdoN ik pMjfb kol koeI PflqU pfxI hY hI nhIN. pr cIP minstr ny pMjfb qy pMjfbIOaF dy ies drd bfry pRfeIm minstr kol mUMh qwk nhIN Koilaf. pMjfbI iksfnF ƒ AujfV ky vsfeI geI pMjfb dI rfjDfnI cMzIgVH df mslf pMjfb ivroDI mfniskqf qoN pIVq afgUaF vloN idn pRqI idn kIqI jf rhI ibafnbfËI sdkf gMBIr huMdf jf irhf hY. PrFs ivc pwg df mslf iswK kOm ivwc ros df iek vwzf kfrn hY ijsdf hwl lwiBaf jfxf bhuq jrUrI hY . 1984 ivwc Poj ny drbfr sfihb AuWqy hmly vyly qoÈfKfnf luwitaf sI aqy iswK kOm dIaF keI aihm, ieiqhfisk aqy anmol vsqF afpxy kbËy ivwc lY leIaF sn, ijhnF dI pRfpqI iswK kOm dI iewk pRbl iewCf hY . 1984 dy iswK kqlyafm smyN AuWjVy iswK aqy bYrkF Cwz ky afAux vfly DrmI PojI, ijhnF ivcoN bhuqy qF Ausy smyN mfr idwqy gey sn pr jo bcy hn, AuhnF df muV vsybf aqy AuhnF dI ijMdgI muV lIh qy lY ky afAux dI gMBIr ËrUrq hY. iswK nOjvfn ipCly 21 sflf qoN gYrkfƒnI aqy gYr sMivDfink qrIky nfl jylHF ivwc zwky hoey hn ijnHF ƒ afËfd krvfAuxf pMQ qy pMjfb dI iËMmyvfrI hY. pr ienHF sfry msilaF ƒ nf qF kdy akflI srkfr, nf kYptn srkfr aqy nf hI hux sYNtr dI mnmohn isMG srkfr ny goilaf hY .

          ieh sfry phfV ijwzy msly pMjfb aqy iswKF dy sfhmxy ijAuN dy iqAuN KVy hn. duwK dI gwl hY ik kYptn sfihb ny bqOr cIP minstr pMjfb isvfey bIbI sonIaf gFDI dIaF isPqF dy pul bMnky KuÈfmd krn dy hor kuJ kIqf hI nhIN . Auprokq msilaF qoN ielfvf hor vI ijvyN jlMDr-aMimRqsr jI[tI[ roz ƒ cOVf krnf, vfhgf qoN husYnIvflf qwk bfrzr ƒ Kolxf, rfjfsFsI hvfeI awzy df mslf afid bfry vI kYptn sfihb mcly hI bxy rhy. luiDafxy ivKyy 100 kroV dI lfgq nfl bxy hspqfl df qF pRfeIm minstr koloN AudGftn krvfieaf igaf jdoN ik pMjfb dy isvl hspqflF ivc nf qF zfktr, nf dvfeIaF aqy nf hI aYksry mÈInF hn. grIb lokF ƒ ielfj leI dr-dr dIaF TokrF KfxIaF pYdIaF hn. pr pMjfb srkfr cfhyy Auh rvfieqI akflIaF dI sI qyy cfhy mOjUdf kFgrs srkfr-ieh lok AuhnF afr[ aYm[pI[ zfktrF dIaF dukfnF ƒ vI bMd krvfAux qy quly hoey hn jo ik lokF ƒ idn rfq aYmrjYNsI dI shUlq  muhweIaf krvfAuNdy hn. kwul imlf ky ikhf jf skdf hY ik pRfeIm minstr dI ies PyrI dOrfn kYptn amirMdr isMG ny afpxI kursI dI slfmqI ƒ muwK rwKidaF bws bIbI sonIaf gFDI dy gux gfAux hI kIqy.

          kYptn sfihb dy ipCly irkfrz ƒ dyK ky vI iehI pqf lwgdf hY ik iehnF ny jo vI kdm cuwky, hmyÈF afpxy inwjI svfrQF ƒ mUhry rwK ky hI cwuky hn . ies leI ienHF koloN bhuqI afs vI nhIN kIqI jf skdI ik ieh pMjfb aqy iswKF dy msilaF ƒ hwl krfAux dy koeI Xqn krngy . hux hfl hI ivwc amirMdr isMG ny afpxy aqy afpxy vËIrF leI 18 itEtf kYmrI nF dIaF mihMgIaF kfrF KrIdIaF hn. iehnF ivcoN 4 kfrF dI vrqoN ieh afpxy Gr leI hI kr rhy hn. dUjy pfsy ivroDI iDr dy afgU iehnF mihMgIaF kfrF bfry aKbfrF ivc rOlf qF bhuq pf rhy hn pr AuhnF dI afpxI aYs[jI[pI[sI[ dI pRDfn ims jgIr kOr ny vI gurU Gr dI golk ivcoN afpxy leI pMjfb srkfr dI qrË qy iek kYmrI kfr KrId leI hY . pUry pMjfb ivwc ibjlI dy 16-16 GMty dy kwt lwgdy rhy hn aqy iksfnF ƒ pUrI ibjlI hux vI nhIN iml rhI . dUjy pfsy kYptn sfihb dy moqI bfg dy mihlF ƒ pMjfb dI girwz ivwcoN spYÈl 4 PIzr lgvf ky cOvI GMty ibjlI idwqI jf rhI hY. iehnF gwlF qoN sfP pqf lgdf hY ik iks qrHF cIP minstr vloN afpxy ÈfhI TfT aqy Èohrq dI pUrqI leI srkfrI KËfny dI durvrqoN kIqI jf rhI hY aqy iks qrHF ibjlI corI krn ivc iehnF vloN afpxf Xogdfn pfieaf jf irhf hY. hYrfnI dI gwl hY ik bfvjUd ieMnIaF pRqwK byinXmIaF dy  muwK ivroDI dy lIzr s[ bfdl aqy AuhnF dI sihXogI pfrtI Bfjpf vloN koeI ivroD hI nhIN kIqf jf irhf. spwÈt ids irhf hY ik bfdl dy AunHF dy sihXogIaF dy idlF ivwc amirMdr isMG df zr ikMnf Gr kr cuwikaf hY. ‘duMm dbf ky bYTxf` Èfied iesy ƒ hI afKdy hn.

          ipwCy ijhy jdoN s[ amirMdr isMG kYnyzf gey  qF AuWQy torFto ivKy izskI gurduafrf sfihb vI gey, ijwQy ik Kfilsqen dy postr vgYrf lwgy hoey sn. jdoN vfps ihMdosqfn prqy aqy mIzIaf vfilaF ny ienHF kolNo ies sbMDI svfl pwuCy qF ÈrimMdgI mihsUs kridaF koeI shI jvfb hI nhIN dy sky. aslIaq ieh hY ik kYptn sfihb kdy iksy ivcfrDfrf ƒ smripq ho ky qF qur hI nhIN sky. isDFq nfl juVy rihxf aqy Aus leI mr imtxf-ies qrHF df ienHF ivwc mfdf hI nhIN hY . iesy qrHF kuJ sfl pihlF jdoN ieh vlYq dy tUr qy gey qF afpxy srkfrI vPd qoN 8 idn qwk guMm rhy. ienHF  srkfrI vPd dy iksy mYNbr ƒ pqf hI nf lwgx idwqf ik eyny idnF qwk ikwQy rhy. iehdy bfry qF hux isrP iehI dws skdy hn ik ikhVy kfrnF krky ieh 8 idn qwk gvfcy rhy . iesy hI sfl ienHF ny dubeI df vI iewk KuPIaf dOrf kIqf . jdoN ies qrHF dy svfl AuWTxy ÈurU hoey ik dubeI dOry smyN ienHF dy nfl kOx sI, kI krn gey sn, ikwQy Tihry, inXmF anusfr cIP minstr ƒ sYNtr qoN jo mnËUrI lYxI pYNdI hY Auh ienHF leI sI ik nhIN - ieh sfry svflF dy jvfb dyx dI QF awgoN ienHF iPr afkV ivKfeI aqy sYNtr qoN bxdI mnËUrI vI dOry AuprMq leI. hux koeI dwsy Blf iewk cIP minstr ƒ kI loV hY corF vFg dOrf krn dI.

          ivdyÈI dOiraF dOrfn gfieb ho jfxf qF ienHF dI iPqrq hY hI, ihMdosqfn ivwc rihMidaF vI jd kdy pMjfb qoN bfhr idwlI jF ihmfcl jFdy hn qF ies bfry ienHF dy dPqr qwk ƒ pqf nhIN huMdf, hor qF iksy ƒ kI pqf hoxf hY. pbilk ƒ imlxf qF dUr ieh qF afpxy vËIrF, aYm[aYl[eyË[ qy aPsrF qwk ƒ imlx qoN ienkfr kr idMdy hn . jykr koeI imlx jFdf hY qF afpxy aihlkfrF qoN aKvf idMdy hn ik ‘rfjf jI qF iewQy hY hI nhIN`. ienHF dI hflq qF mwisaf dy myly ivwc gvfcI gF vrgI hY ijsdf koeI QF itkfxf hI nhIN  lwBdf.

          iewk hor bVI rfijaF vflI ÈfhI afdq hY s[ amirMdr isMG dy suBfa ivwc- kdy vI iksy pRogrfm AuWqy TIk smyN qy nhIN phuMcdy aqy bhuqI vfr qF gYr hfËr hI ho jFdy hn . pRogrfmF qy juVy hoey lok AuzIk-AuzIk ky inrfÈqf ivwc GrF ƒ prq jFdy hn . iewQoN qwk ik pRfeIm minstr vfly pRogrfm ivwc vI ieh pRfeIm minstr qoN lyt puwjy . kYbint dI mIitMg ivwcoN gYr hfËr ho jfxf ienHF leI iek afm gwl hY. kI ies qrHF dI qihËIb rwKxf ËmhUrI rfj ivwc cuxy hoey  iewk cIP minstr ƒ  Pwbdf hY?

          pMjfb ivwc ies smyN sVkF dI ijMnI Ksqf hflq hY, Èfied hI iksy hor sUby ivwc hovy. cIP minstr df hfl ieh hY ik sVkF rfhIN sPr krnf psMd hI nhIN krdy, ijwQy jFdy hn hvfeI jhfË rfhIN hI jFdy hn .

          idlcsp gwl ieh vI hY ik ijho ijhI sUJ ienHF dI afpxI hY Auho ijhf ienHF df pfielt hY . kuJ mhIny hoey hn ik ienHF dy pfielt ny jhfj Auqfrnf sI idwlI dy pflmpur hvfeI awzy AuWqy, pr Auqfr idwqf pRfeIm minstr dI irhfieÈ dy iblkul nfl BfrI surwiKaf pRbMD vfly sPdrjMg hvfeI awzy AuWqy . ies nfl AuWQy qF iewk dm twlIaF vwjxIaF ÈurU ho geIaF qy rYWz alrt jfrI ho igaf. sikAuirtI vfilaF ny ienHF vwl ƒ bMdUkF qfx leIaF  qy iehnF ƒ hwQ KVy krky bfhr ƒ afAuxf ipaf. so ieh aslIaq hY iehnF dy isafxypx dI.

          jdoN cIP minstr ny sVkF rfhIN sPr hI nhIN krnf qF iPr sVkF TIk krn df Aus ƒ iKafl vI ikvyN afvy? BfvyN ijMny mrËI aYksIzYNt hox, bwsF Aultx, sVkF ivwc toey BfvyN hor pY jfx- ienHF ƒ koeI prvfh hI nhIN . huxy-huxy ienHF ny cfr kroV rupey isrP afpxy dPqr ƒ KUbsUrq bxfAux leI Krc idwqy aqy jvfb ieh idwqf ik ieh sfrf kuJ iPrMgIaF ƒ idKfAux leI kIqf hY. ienHF dy Bfxy iPrMgIaF ƒ pqf hI nhIN ik pMjfb ivwc iswiKaF, ishq shUlqF, ibjlI pfxI, buZfpf pYnÈnF afid muZlIaF ËrUrqF df kI hfl hY. ieh Èfied jfxdy nhIN ik AunHF kol vI qF afpxy jsUs hn ijnHF rfhIN AunHF ƒ sfrI jfxkfrI iml jFdI hY. ieh BfvyN hfQI dy bfhrly dMdF vFg AunHF ƒ idKfeI kuJ hor hI jfx.

          kYptn amirMdr isMG vloN afpxy ivroDIaF ƒ qsIhy duafAuxy, jylF ivwc zwkxf, qsIhy dyx smyN dIaF vIzIE iPlmF bxvfAuxIaF qy iPr ieh vIzIE iPlmF vyK ky cfGIaF mfr-mfr ky KuÈ hoxf ienHF dI Ëfbr soc aqy rfjfÈfhI afdqF df spwÈt sbUq hY . kdy ieh byaMq isMG vFg akflIaF ƒ ‘quMn dyx` dIaF gwlF krdy hn aqy kdy mYƒ jylH aMdr zwk ky cfbIaF gvfAux vrgI byqukI qy hoÈI gwl krdy hn. ies qrHF DmkIaF dy ky ieh afpxI dihÈgrdI nfl rfj clfAuxf cfhuMdy hn . aijhf krky iehnF ny rvfieqI akflIaF ƒ qF zrf ilaf hY pr ienklfbI akflIaF ƒ vI ieh ies qrHF icwq kr dyxgy- ieh iehnF df BulyKf hI hY . iehnF dy rfj ivwc pihlF qF bIbI mnjoq kOr AuWqy JUTf afr[zI[aYks df kys pfieaf jFdf hY aqy Ëflm puils aPsrF ƒ pMjfb ivwc luwtmfr krn, DwkyÈfhI krn aqy dihÈqgrdI krn dI pUrI Kuwl idwqI jFdI hY qy jdoN ‘pMjfb rfeIts Porm` vloN ies vrqfry iKlfP Ëordfr sMGrÈ ivwiZaf igaf qF kihx lwgy ik puils aPsrF ƒ ajy vI dihÈqgrdI dy idnF vflIaF hI afdqF peIaF hoeIaF hn . ies qrHF plF ivwc hI rMg bdl lYNdy hn . dUjy pfsy bfdl sfihb ny vI ienHF DwkyÈfhIaF iKlfP Ëubfn qwk nhIN ihlfeI. AuhnF qF sgoN Ëfbr kfƒn potf jo ik vfjpfeI srkfr vloN isrP Gwt-igxqIaF ƒ kwuclx leI bxfieaf igaf sI, dI vI Ëordfr hmfieq kIqI sI.

          kYptn amirMdr isMG afpxy sfQI kFgrsI vËIrF aqy aYm[aYl[eyË[ ƒ ieh kih ky zrfAuNdy hn ik quhfzy ivwc aMgryËI smJx qy bolx dI kfblIaq nhIN hY aqy qusIN afpxI gwl bIbI sonIaf gFDI ƒ nhIN smJf skdy, Auh qF myrI aMgryËI hI smJdI hY. ies qrHF ieh afpxy sfQIaF ƒ kFgrs pRDfn bIbI sonIaf gFDI dy nyVy hI nhIN jfx idMdy. jdik aslIaq ieh hY ik bIbI sonIaf ietlI dI jMmpl hY aqy aMgryËI Ëubfn Aus leI vI sfzy vFg hI iewk ivdyÈI bolI hY.

          kYptn amirMdr isMG  dI kfrËÈYlI ƒ dyKidaF pqf lgdf hY ik ienHF iksy  kMm ivwc koeI plYinMg qF kIqI hI nhIN. ijvyN ik pihlF vI mYN iliKaY ik pl-pl ivwc PYsly bdldy hn. biTMzy dy qyl dy kfrKfny ƒ pihlF rwd krvf idwqf qy hux Ausy PYktrI ƒ lgvfAux leI Ëor lf rhy hn . PËUl KrcI kr kr ky srkfrI KËfny df byVf grk kr ky rwK idwqf hY ienHF ny . pMjfb ivwc ibjlI sMkt idn-b-idn vwD irhY . ibjlI dI pYdfvfr ikvyN vDfeI jfvy ies pfsy vwl ienHF kdy iDafn nhIN idwqf . koeI iKafl hI nhIN kIqf jf irhf ik ikvyN PflqU Krcy Gtfey jfx qy lokF ƒ vwD qoN vwD shUlq muhweIaf krvfeI jfvy . ieh qF bws afpxI

          ihtlrÈfhI clf ky hI CflF mfrI jf rhy hn . hr roË aKbfrF ivwc afpxIaF vwzIaF-vwzIaF PotoaF vfly ieÈiqhfr lvf rhy hn . ies qrHF jnqf df pYsf afpxI ÈKsIaq AuBfrn leI vrq rhy hn . roËfnf JUTy ibafn idMdy hn . iewQoN qwk ik ilKqI ibafnF Auqy dsqKq krky muwkr jFdy hn. aijhf krn ivwc ienHF ƒ koeI Èrm vI mihsUs nhIN huMdI . 1994 ivwc ienHF ny s[ surjIq isMG brnflf, jQydfr jgdyv isMG qlvMzI, jQydfr gurcrn isMG tOhVf qy myry smyq ÈRI akfl qKq sfihb ivKy Kfilsqfn dI mMg ƒ smripq dsqfvyË ‘aMimRqsr aYlfnnfmy` AuWqy dsqKq kIqy pr bfd ivwc muwkr gey . KfilsqfnaF qoN ÈkqI lYxI qy iPr AunHF dIaF hI kfmryz hrikÈn surjIq, aYl[ ky[ azvfnI, vfjpfeI, mrhUm rfjyÈ pfielt, vI[pI[ isMG afid kol cuglIaF kr dyxIaF- ies klf ivwc vI ieh bVy inpuMn rhy hn. awj vI iehI kMm kr rhy hn. idwlI srkfr dI imlIBugq aqy Èih nfl pihlF KfilsqfnIaF ƒ kYd krvfAuxf qy iPr qsIhy idvfAuxy . ienHF dI Kud dI isafsI ijMdgI vwl jykr dyKIey qF ieh sB qoN pihlF kFgrs dI JolI ivwc izwgy sn. ies AuprMq AunHF rvfieqI akflIaF ivwc Èfiml ho gey, ijnHF ƒ hux ieh ‘sMivDfn pfVn vfly kirmInl` dwsdy hn. awj kwl iPr kFgrs ivwc hn aqy ‘mrjIviVaF` qy ‘afnMdpur sfihb dy mqy` iKlfP bVf Ëor lgf-lgf ky boldy hn . koeI ienHF ƒ puwCy ik rvfieqI akflIaF ivc afAux qoN pihlF quhfƒ cMgI qrHF pqf sI mrjIviVaF bfry, afnMdpur sfihb dy mqy bfry aqy rvfieqI akflIaF vloN sMivDfn pfVn bfry-iPr qusIN ienHF ivwc afey hI ikAuN? asl kfrn hY-qfkq dI BuwK, ijs hwQoN mjbUr ho ky ieh lMgUr vFg iewDr-AuWDr CflF mfrdy hn . qfkq leI hI ieh kFgrs ivcoN rvfieqI akflIaF ivwc afey sn qy iPr qfkq leI hI rvfieqI akflIaF ivcoN kFgrs ivc cly gey . awj ienHF df ieko-iek inÈfnf rih igaf hY idwlI srkfr qoN qfkq lY ky afËfdI psMd iswKF  dI soc ƒ kuclxf . iewQoN ienHF dI rUVIvfdI soc aqy mfniskqf dy dIvflIafpn hI pqf lwgdf hY jo ieh afËfdI pwKI iswK soc ƒ Kqm krn df Brm pflI bYTy hn. ieh qF iswKI aqy akflIaF dI qfkq ƒ hI Buwl cuwky hn. ienFH ƒ ieh vI Xfd nhIN ik afËfdI leI sMGrÈ krn df hukm iswKF ƒ gurU nfnk sfihb vloN imilaf hoieaf hY . ies mOjI Tfkur ƒ ielm nhIN ik ies dIaF koJIaF socF ƒ kdy vI bUr nhIN pvygf .

ab kI bfrI dyÈ qoVny kI iqafrI

mUl lyK:  ihMdI (lyKk pRym isMG)

anuvfd: gurisK PIcrË

‘‘jykr ieho ihMdUqv hY qF Auhdy qoN dUr rihxf hI TIk hY[[[.`` afK ky vfjpfeI ny iek vfr muV ky Brm qy svY-ivroD dI hflq pYdf krn dI koiÈÈ kIqI. ies ibafn `c Auh afpxy afp ƒ kwtVpMQI ihMdUqv nfloN vwKry krky ivKfAux df pYNqVf vrq rhy sn. ijvyN ik BfrqI smfj `c kwtVpMQI ihMdUqv df somf sMG sMprdf nf ho ky koeI hor sMgTn hovy. vfjpfeI Audfr nhIN, kwtVpMQI ihMdU ny, ijnHF bfry lohIaF ny afiKaf sI, ‘‘kwtVpMQI ihMdU jykr sÌl hoey qF BfvyN AunHF df AudyÈ kuJ vI hovy, BfrqI rfj dy toty kr dyxgy, nf isrÌ ihMdU-muslmfn idRÈtI qoN sgoN vrxF aqy pRFqF dI idRÈtI qoN vI.`` lohIaF ny ieh vI afiKaf sI ik kwtVpMQI aiqaMq hI krUr huMdY. vfjpfeI dI krUrqf ƒ AuVIsf `c pfdrI styns aqy AunHF dy do bwicaF ƒ iËMdf sfVn dI Gtnf AuWpr afpxy pRqIkrm `c hI nhIN, gujrfq dI Gtnf `qy AunHF dy pRqIkrm ivcoN vI qwikaf jf skdY. mfrc dy pihly hÌqy idwlI dy kuJ buwDIjIvIaF aqy klfkfrF dI iek iekwqRqf `c pRiswD aflock pRoPYsr nfmvr isMG ny gurjfq dI ihMsf dy ivroD `c iek vÌd nfl pRDfn mMqrI vfjpfeI nfl kIqI geI, afpxI mulfkfq df iËkr kIqf. AunHF dwisaf ik jdoN pRDfn mMqrI ƒ ieh afiKaf igaf ik jykr afp gujrfq dI ihMsf ƒ dyÈ dy mwQy klMk mMndy E qF Aus klMk ƒ myt ikAuN nhIN idMdy? sog dy mOikaF `qy vI jumlybfËI? Èugl qoN bfj nf afAux vfly vfjfpeI ny afiKaf ik klMk mytx leI mwQy ƒ hI nhIN imtf idwqf jFdf. vÌd dI gujrfq dy muwK mMqrI nryNdr modI ƒ htfAux dI mMg ƒ vfjpfeI ny jumlybfËI dI afV `c hvf ivc Auzf Cwizaf.

goaf dI rfjDfnI pxjI dy BfÈx ‘c pRDfn mMqrI dy coly ƒ cIr ky vfjpfeI dy aMdr df sÍYm syvk cIkdf hoieaf bfhr inkl afieaf. agly idn AunHF df spwÈtIkrn vI afieaf, aYpr ijhf ik agFh dy ivÈlyÈx ‘c afpF vyKFgy, Auhdy nfl AunHF dy sMG dy kfrkuMn df aks hI mËbUq ho ky inkilaf. BfÈx aqy spÈtIkrn dovF ‘c iehI AunHF df AudyÈ vI sI. goaf ‘c vfjpfeI smyq pUrI Bfjpf kfrjkrnI ny ihMdUqv XfnI sMprdfiekqf df dfa KuwlH ky Kyizaf. iek vfrI muV ky afKxf pYxy ik sMG sMprdf dy aMdr vfjpfeI dI ‘Audfr‘ aqy azvfnI dI ‘kwtV‘ lfeInF df aMqr-sMGrÈ vyKx vfly ivÈlyÈkF sfhmxy hux EVk ƒ ieh spwÈt ho jfxf cfhIdY ik sMG sMprdf dy ivÈlyÈx dI ieh ksvwtI BrmfAU hY. swcf sÍYm syvk Audfr nhIN huMdf, Auh kwtV huMdY. iehƒ iedF vI afK skdy hF ik jdoN ivcfrDfrf kwtV hovy qF ivakqIgq Audfrqf-ÊYr-Audfrqf df koeI mfanf nhIN rih jFdf. ijwdF Audfrqf, Audfrqf ƒ swd lYNdI aY, EdF hI kwtVqf dI mMg ‘qy kwtVqf ikRafÈIl ho jFdI aY. goaf ‘c ieho kuJ hoieaf. azvfnI dy rQ cflk nryNdr modI dI inwgr kwtVqf ny vfjpfeI dI kuJ ku ksrvMnI kwtVqf ƒ afpxy vwl iKwc ilaf. aksr ieh vyiKaf igaf ik sMG qoN inkilaf jF kwiZaf igaf koeI vI nyqf koeI vI afgU rfjnIqI ‘c ‘srvfeIv‘ nhIN kr skdf. ies df pRmuwK kfrn kwtVqf dI Aup Gtnf ‘coN lwiBaf jf skdY. kwtVqf df ivcfrfqmk aqy anuÈfÈnqmk loh-iÈkMjf ivakqI dIaF sMBfvnfvF df BfrI nfÈ kr idMdY. aijhI hflq ‘c kwtVqf hI ivakqIqv df ‘gux‘ bx jFdI aY. ieh vI TIk aY ik ies lok-iÈkMjy ‘c mnwuKI aqy bOiDk rUp qoN mryVy aqy aijhy lok afAuNdy ny, ijnHF ‘c suqMqr rUp nfl sMGrÈ df ÉmIr nhIN huMdf. Auh sMgTn ‘c hI surwiKaq aqy ÈkqIÈflI anuBv krdy ny. afpxy aMdroN aqy bfhroN AuWTx vflI aflocnfqmk afvfË pRqI AunHF dI cyqnf hOlI-hOlI bMd huMdI jFdI hY. EVk dI hflq ‘c Auh kwtVqf ‘c hI itk jFdy ny. aijhy lok awvl qF kwtVqf dI Kyz ‘coN bfhr afAuNdy hI nhIN, iewkf-duwkf koeI bfhr af vI jfvy qF Auh Audfr Kyqr dI rfjnIqI dy lfiek nhIN rih jFdf.

aijhI hflq Gwt qoN Gwt afAuxI cfhIdI hY ik iksy afgU ƒ afpxy ibafn AuWpr vfDU spÈtIkrn dyxf pvy. jykr dyÈ dy cotI dy afgU GVI-muVI afpxy ibafnF AuWpr sPfeI idMdy ny qF smJ lYxf cfhIdY ik AunHF ‘c sMivDfnk kdrF-kImqF, mfnqfvF aqy dyÈ dI jnqf pRqI ‘byisk‘ eImfndfrI dI axhoNd hY. BfrqI rfjnIqI ‘c afm krky sfrIaF rfjsI pfrtIaF dy afgU BfÈf dI kuJ nf kuJ bfËIgrI krky jnqf ƒ CkfAuNdy ny. AunHF df bhuqf BfÈfeI Audm ilKqI aqy mUMh ËubfnI jnqf dy nfl JUT bolx aqy DoKf krn dI syD ‘c huMdY. ijQoN qk sMG sMprdf df svfl hY, BfrqI rfjnIqI ‘c Auh iekwlf hI aijhf sMgTn hY, jo lgfqfr JUT bolx aqy DoKf krn leI bdnfm hY. dyÈ dy sMivDfn aqy smfj dy bhu-DrmI cirwqr ƒ apRvfn krn dy bfvjUd jdoN sMG-sMprdf iesy afÈf ‘c DoKf Pryb krI jf irhY ik iek idn Auh dyÈ dy sMivDfn aqy smfj ƒ afpxI ivcfrDfrf dy muqfbk bdl dyvygf. ijvyN sUeI dy Cyk ‘coN hfQI nhIN lMGfieaf jf skdf, AuvyN hI Bfrq dy sMivDfn aqy smfj ƒ ‘ihMdUqv‘ dI sOVI ivcfrDfrf ‘c nhIN Zfilaf jf skdf. AuNJ sMG sMprdf dy afgU kpt BfÈf vrqx ‘c mfhr bhuq ny. kpt BfÈf ipwCy kpt-buwDI huMdI hY. sMG sMprdf dI kpt-buwD isrÌ sMivDfn aqy smfj dy ivroD ‘c nhIN huMdI, jykr BgqI dI idRÈtI qoN qwkIey qF Auh rwb ivroDI vI huMdI hY. Bfrq df sfDfrn bMdf ieh jfxdY ik kpt jF vKryvyN krn vflI bwuD aMdr rwb df vfsf nhIN huMdf.

afKx df mnorQ ieh hY ik bfkI afgUaF df Cl-kpt ijQy rfjnIqk afrQk Kyqr qk sImq hY, sMG sMprdf dy afgU Drm qy sMsikRqI ƒ vI afpxf iÈkfr bxf ky ivgfVdy ny.

afpxy BfÈx ‘qy idwqI geI vfjpfeI dI sPfeI awDI-aDUrI sI. AunHF ny ieslfm AuWpr afpxI itwpxI dI sÌfeI qF idwqI, aYpr, goDrf dI Gtnf ‘qy sMG sMprdf dI lfeIn lYx dI koeI sPfeI AunHF ny nhIN idwqI. AunHF afiKaf ik ieslfm AuWpr afpxI itwpxI ivc Auh Auhdy Audfr aqy kwtV dovF rUpF dI crcf kr rhy sn. AunHF dy aijhf afKx AuWpr iksy ƒ ieqrfË nhIN hoxf cfhIdf. aYpr aslIaq ‘c vfjpfeI ieslfm dI kwtVqfvfdI Dfrf dy bhfny ieslfm Drm dI hI bdKoeI kr rhy sn. jykr kwtVqf dI inMidaf krnf AunHF df AudyÈ huMdf qF Auh sB qoN pihlF afpxI bwukl ‘c Jfkdy ik iek isry dy kwtVqfvfdI sMgTn df muKI ikhVy mUMh nfl ieslfmI kwtVqf df ivroD kr irhY? sMG sMprdf dI kwtVqf ƒ hor mËbUq krn dy AudyÈ nfl kIqI geI ieslfm Drm dI kwtVqf dI inMidaf df koeI suKfvF Pl nf qF ieslfm dI AudfrvfdI Dfrf vfsqy ho skdY aqy nf hI ihMdU Drm dI AudfrvfdI Dfrf vfsqy. vfjpfeI dy BfÈx ‘c ieslfmI jhfd df iËkr Ëor-Èor nfl afieaf qF jo amrIkf vI sux lvy. hflF ik ieslfm dy Dfrmk afgU aqy ivafiKafkfr jhfd df TIk arQ dwsidaF dunIaF dy kuJ ihwisaF ‘c lwgy ‘jhfdIaF‘ nfloN afpxf vKryvF Ëfhr krdy hn. aYpr ieslfmI jhfd dy nfl hI sfrI dunIaF ivc afpxI siBaqf pwKoN afriQk-rfjnIqk pYNT kfiem krn vfsqy jfrI amrIkI ‘jhfd‘ aqy dunIaF dy grIb mulkF dy iKlfÌ AuhdI agvfeI ‘c jfrI ivÈv ivwqI sMsQfvF aqy bhu-kOmI kMpnIaF dy ‘jhfd‘ ƒ lfhnq iPtk vI Gwto-Gwt grIb mulkF dy ÈfÈn muKIaF ƒ krnI cfhIdI hY. ‘ihMdUqv‘ dy KUh ‘c grk vfjpfeI ƒ Aus ivÈy AuWpr nf goaf ‘c aqy nf hI hor QF kdy kuJ ikhY. dyÈ jdoN nv-sfmrfjvfdIaF df Êulfm ho jU qd Auh ihMdU muslmfn dy msly ƒ vI Auho qYa krngy ijhf ik sfmrfjvfdI aMgryËF ny kIqf sI.

vfjpfeI ny pxjI dy afpxy BfÈx ‘c pUry ËoÈ ‘c af ky iek vfrI muV gujrfq ‘c Gwt igxqIaF dy kqlyafm ƒ goDrf kqlyafm dI ‘ikRaf dI pRqIikRaf‘ dwisaf aqy afpxI ies ivafiKaf dI koeI sÌfeI dyxI Xog nhIN smJI. gujrfq dIaF GtnfvF ƒ dyÈ dy mwQy Dwbf dwsx vfly aqy modI ƒ ‘rfj-Drm‘ df sbk pVHfAux vfly vfjpfeI afpxy BfÈx ‘c pUrI qrHF afr[aYs[aYs[ dy rMg ‘c rMgy hoey idwsy, jo modI aqy hor sMGIaF ny ÈurU ‘c afiKaf aqy lgfqfr pRcfiraf, AuhI aMq ‘c sMGI vfjpfeI ny vI afiKaf. AunHF gujrfq dI zfvF-zol hflq ƒ pUrI qrHF nËr aMdfj kridaF AuQy qurMq coxF krfAux dy PYsly ‘qy vI afpxI mohr lf idwqI. Kud rfj dIaF do mhwqvpUrn sMsQfvF kOmI mnwuKI aiDkfr kimÈn aqy kOmI Gwt igxqI kimÈn dIaF irportF aqy mMgF ƒ vI AunHF iek vwiZEN hI nËr-aMdfË kr idwqf. kwtVqf ikwQoN qk kwtV, krUr qy aMnHI ho skdI hY, ieh BrpUr nËfrf Bfjpf dI goaf ‘c hoeI bYTk ‘c vyKx ƒ lwBf. ivÈv ihMdU pRIÈd aqy bËrMg dl dI kwtVqf dI smUhk inMidaf krn df hONslf ivKfAux vfly aqy kwtVvfdIaF dy muwK mMqrI nirMdr modI ƒ ktihry ‘c KVHf krn vfly ÈFqf kumfr ƒ kwtVqfvfdIaF dy ies smfgm ‘c ‘aCUq‘ bxf idwqf igaf. afpxI aijhI durgqI qoN GbrfieaF hoieaF ÈFqf kumfr ny igVigVfAuNidaF pfrtI muKI qoN ilKqI muafÌI mMg leI.

aijhf nhIN ik swqf aqy sMG sMprdf dI cotI ‘qy bYTy vfjpfeI ƒ goDrf dI Gtnf ipwCy ivdmfn kfrnF dI jfxkfrI nf hovy. goDrf mgroN dI ihMsf qy qbfhI ƒ rfj dI rfjsI agvfeI ‘c ijs XojnfbwD ZMg nfl aMËfm idwqf aqy sMG sMprdf ny muslmfnF iKlfÌ ijs qrHF dy prcy vMzy, Auh sB vI pUry dyÈ dy nfl vfjpfeI dI jfxkfrI ‘c hY, sI. aYpr afpxy BfÈx ‘c Auh sB lukf lYNdy ny, qF jo ‘iswD‘ kIqf jf sky ik goDrf mgroN hoeI ihMsf aqy aOrqF dy nfl blfqkfr vfsqy muslmfn Kud iËMmyvfr ny. iehdf arQ qF ieh hoieaf ik modI qy AuhdI agvfeI ‘c cldy rfjnIqk pRÈfÈink qMqr iKlfÌ kfrvfeI df svfl hI nhIN pYdf huMdf. AuNJ vI ‘ihMdUqvvfdI‘ afpixaF iKlfÌ kfƒnI kfrvfeI nhIN krdy. mhfrfÈtr ivc iÈv sYnf-Bfjpf srkfr vwloN muMbeI dMigaF ‘qy iqafr kIqI geI sRI ikRÈn kimÈn dI irport dy hÈr ivc ieh vyiKaf jf skdY. sfbkf pRDfn mMqrI cMdr ÈyKr ny afpxy ÷õvyN jnm idn dy avsr ‘qy afXoijq Auqsv ‘c sMG sMprdf iKlfÌ Ëuraq ivKfAux dI nsIhq idwqI. AunHF hI vfjpfeI hurF ƒ, jo afpxy sMGI cirwqr dy pRQfey sfrIaF nYiqk, rfjnIqk, sMivDfnk kdrF-kImqF iKlfÌ afpxy mFdy pY cuwky hOsly df ivKfvf kr cuwky ny.

ieh lyKk sMprdfiekqf dI smwisaf AuWpr ilKy afpxy lyKF ‘c lgfqfr ieh afKdf irhf hY ik vfjpfeI dI Audfrqf dy gux-gfhk asl ‘c Brm df iÈkfr ny aMq hux dy smfjk-rfjnIqk nËr afAuNdy idRÈ ‘c sMprdfiekqf dy PYlfa dI vfjpfeI ÈYlI vDyry pRBfvkfrI qy kfrgr aY. sMprdfiekqf BVkfAuxI aqy sMprdfiekqf ƒ smfjk, rfjnIqk jfieËpx idvfAuxf, iek dUjI nfl juVI hox dy bfvjUd ienHF dovF hflqF ‘c bhuq Ìrk aY. BVkI hoeI sMprdfiekqf CyqI hI ÈFq ho skdI aY. aYpr Auhƒ jykr smfjk-rfjnIqk jfieËpx hfsl huMdf hY, qF iPr smfjk-rfjnIqk srMcnf vfsqy Auh iek sQfeI JMjt bx jFdI aY. aijhI smwisaf ƒ nfsUr afKdy ny. BfrqI rfjnIqI dy huxy-huxy dy vkq ‘c sMprdfiekqf BVkfAux ‘c ijQy azvfnI dI mhwqvpUrn BUimkf hY, AuQy hI sMprdfiekqf ƒ smfjk-rfjnIqk jfieËpx idvfAux ‘c vfjpfeI dI BUimkf aihm hY. Auh dyÈ dy pRDfn mMqrI dI hYsIaq ‘c afpxI ies BUimkf ƒ inBf rhy ny. azvfnI dI rwQ-Xfqrf qoN nryNdr modI ijs ivc rQvfn dI BUimkf ‘c sI, dyÈ dy smfjk-siBafcfrk qfxy-bfxy aqy sMivDfnk kdrF-kImqF vfsqy aqy sMivDfnk kdrF-kImqF vfsqy gMBIr DmkI (QRYt) pyÈ hoeI sI. iehdy qoN kOx nFh krU ik vfjpfeI dI pRDfn mMqrIiÈp ‘c Aus DmkI AuWpr aml hoieaY? dyÈ ‘c gujrfq qoN lY ky aXuiDaf qk sMprdfiekqf df ijhVf BMgVf pY irhf, Audy kriqaF ‘c sB qoN AuWpr qF vfjpfeI jI hI ny aqy AunHF dI BUimkf ƒ ies rUp ‘c vyiKaf jfxf cfhIdY. iehdy qoN pihlF ik hor dyr ho jfvy, sMprdfiekqf dy pRsfr qoN iÌkrmMd ivcfrvfnF qy afgUaF ƒ ieh scfeI smJxI cfhIdI hY. rfjg dIaF sihXogI pfrtIaF dy afgUaF vfsqy qF ieh hor vI ËrUrI aY ijhVy ieh afKidaF srkfr ‘c Èfml hoey sI ik vfjpfeI dI agvfeI ‘c Bfjpf afpxf sMprdfiek-iPrkU afcrx Cz ky kOm dI muwK XfnI ik Drm inrpwKDfrf ‘c rÜ jfAU. hoieaf iehdy qoN aYn Ault hY. vfjpfeI dI agvfeI ‘c KFdy-pINdy pVHy-ilKy aqy svrn mwD vrg ivc iPrkUvfd df qyËI nfl sMcfr hoieaf hY. ivÈv ihMdU pRIÈd, iÈv sYnf, bËrMg dl ijhy iPrkU sMgTnF ƒ iksy nfl kuJ vI krn dI mncfhI KulH imlI ey. sMG dI sMprdfiek ivcfrDfrf ƒ bihs dy kyNdr ‘c itkf idwqf igaY. agFh dIaF pIVHIaF ivc bcpn qoN hI sMprdfiek srkfr agFh krn vfsqy isiKaf aqy suDfeI dIaF sMsQfvF ‘c sMG dy lfl buJwkV ivdvfn idn-rfq islybs qbdIlI dy kfry lwgy hoey ny.

sMKyp ivc, vfjpfeI dI agvfeI ivc sMG sMprdf vwloN dyÈ ƒ qoVn dI iqafrI cwl rhI aY. dyÈ dI qoV-BMn vfsqy BUgoilk vMz koeI ËrUrI nhIN hY. Auh qF aMdroN hI tuwtdY. jykr Gwt-igxqI vrgF ƒ sMivDfn ‘c pRdfn kIqy aiDkfrF qoN mihrUm krky, bhuigxqI vrg dy rihm-krm AuWpr jIAUNdy rihx leI mËbUr kIqf jFdY qF Auhƒ dyÈ df tuwtxf hI afiKaf jfAU. ieMnf hI nhIN smfj dy bfkI mihrUm smUhF, dilqF, afid-vfsIaF, pCVIaF aqy aOrqF dy pwK ‘c ivvsQf-qbdIlI nhIN huMdI afpF iek tuwty-Bwjy rfÈtr ivc hI rih rhy hovFgy. Auh iek vwKrf ivÈf hY aqy ieQy ieMnf hI ikhf jf skdY ik ijvyN srvjnk Kyqr dIaF jfiedfdF ivÈv afrQk sMsQfvF dy ‘izktyt‘ (kihx) ‘qy kOzIaF dy Bfa bhukOmI kMpnIaF kol vycIaF jf rhIaF ny, Auhdy nfl mihrUm smUhF df duwK hor qyË hoAU. bfËfrvfd aDIn dyÈ ƒ vycx dI pRikiraf sMprdfvfd aDIn dyÈ ƒ qoVn dI pRikiraf ƒ mËbUq krdI hY. hux ieh dyÈ dy Audfr aqy Drm inrpwK nfgirkF dI iËMmyvfrI bxdI hY ik Auh vfjpfeI dI agvfeI ivc cl rhy kwtVpMQI ihMdUqv dI dyÈ ƒ qoVn dI iqafrI df mukfblf krdy hn jF AunHF vwloN pYdf kIqI jfx vflI Brm vflI hflq df iÈkfr bxy rihMdy hn. ieh vI iDafn dyx dI loV hY ik Bfjpf dy mOjUdf cotI dy afgU sMG nfl iBafl hox dy nfl-nfl sMivDfnk, lokqMqrI aqy Drm inrpwK kdrF-kImqF dy drimafn hI pwly ‘qy vwzy hoxy afgU hn. ies leI Auh Brm dI hflq pYdf krky hI afpxI muihMm clfAuNdy ny. ajoky sMprdfiek mfhOl ‘c plx qy vwzf hox vflf Bfjpf df afgU vrg AuvyN df nhIN hoxf. Auh ikvyN df hoxY, iehdf nmUnf modI ny ivKf idwqY. Auh afgU vrg mUloN hI krUr qy PfÈIvfd afgU vrg hoAU.

DMnvfd sihq: Kflsf alfieMs zft aOrg

hirafxf ‘c vWKrI sRomxI kmytI: Auicq jF anuicq

lyKk:hrpfl isMG pflI

hirafxf ivWc vWKrI sRomxI gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI df muWdf BfvyN ipCly do -iqMnf sflF qoN BwiKaf hoieaf sI pr ieMnFH idnF ivc ieh muWdf afpxy isKr qy phuMc igaf hY| vWKrI kmytI  dy hWk ivc aqy ivroD ivc  KVIaF dovyN iDrF ibnF iksy dUr-aMdysIL dy ies Dfrimk  muWdy nUM afpxy-afpxy  ihWqF dI Kfqr vrqx ivc kmrkWsy krI bYTIaF hn| vwKrI  kmytI dy hWk ivc jQybMd iDr ibnF Tos sbUqF  dy mIzIey rfhIN JUTy  aqy KoKly dfavy  kr kr ky ies muWdy nUM  hirafxf  dy iswKf ivc Bfvnf dy pWDr qy hirafxf dy isWKf ivc Bfvnf dy pWDr qy  PYlfAyux ivc kuJ  hWd qWk  kfmXfb ho cuWkI hY| dUjy pfsy vWKrI kmytI df ivroD krn vflI iDr pMQk eykqf  dI duhfeI  dy ky ies muWdy nUM nkfr rhI hY| dovyN iDrF  ies muWdy  nUM nijWTx leI qrk dI QF  jjLbfqI pWDr  qy lokrfie  bxfAux ‘c jutIaF  hoeIaF hn| cuMik hirafxf ivc vWKrI sRomxI gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI dy gTn  dy pirxfm smuWcy isWK jgq aqy hirafxf dy isWKf  dy BWivK nfl juVy  hoey hn  ies leI  hirafxf ivc vWKrI  sRomxI  gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI  bxy jf nf bxy bfry crcf bVI sUJ,buJ,dUr-aNMdysIL aqy eImfndfrI nfl hoxI cfhIdI hY|

          hirafxf ivc vWKrI sRomxI gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI dy hWk jF ivroD ivc gWl krn qoN pihlF ies mMg dy AuwT dy pRmuWK kfrnF bfry jfx lYxf jLrUrI hY| mUl kfrn iqMn hn-lMby smyN qWk hirafxf dy isWKf dI ibhqrI qy BlfeI leI sRomxI gurduafrf pRbMDk  kmytI vWlo koeI Tos  kdm nf cuWky jfxf,sRI pRkfsL isMG bfdl vWlo sRomxI gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI qy kbjyL AuprMq ies kmytI df aks smuWcy iswK jgq dI sMsQf  nf ho ky bfdl dl dI hwQ Tokf bx jfxf aqy afKrI kfrn hY bfdl dI rIsy hirafxf dy kuJ,isWKL  nyqfvF dIaF,vWKrI gurduafrf pRbMDk  kmytI  bxvf ky  ieQoN  dy gurduafiraF  qy kbjLf krky afpxy rfjsI  sWqf dI  BuWK dI pUrqI leI cfhq rWKxf| hirafxf ivc vWKrI sRomxI  gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI dI mMg  krn vfly afgU aWj  qWk spsLt rUp ivc qWQf smyq ieh nhI  dWs sky ik vWKrI gurduafrf pRbMDk  kmytI dy bxn  nfl hirafxy dI isWK sMgq nUM kI Pfiedf hovygf| hirafxf dy sRomxI  kmytI dI aiDkfr hyTly gurduafiraF qoN gurDfmF dI  sFB sMBfl qy hox vfly Krc qoN bfad ikMnI ku bcq hovygI| isWK Drm dy pRcfr-psfr leI kI kuJ kIqf jf skygf| vrnxXog hY ik sRomxI gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI dy  aiDkfr hyT sYksLn 85 dy aMqrgq hirafxf ivcly kyvl sWq gurduafry hn aqy sYksLn 87 dy aMqrgq 18 gurduafry hn |

          ieMnFH gurduafiraF qy hox vflI afmdn ieMnI ijLafdf nhI ijs nfl iek vWzy pWDr qy hirafxf dIaF isWK sMgqF dI ibhqrI leI  XojnfvF AulIkx jf skx| vWKrI gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI dI mMg krn vfilaF nUM cfhIdf hY ik Auh  ikqfbcy  dy rUp ivWc  qWQf smyq hirafxf dy gurduafiraF qoN hox vflI afmdn,Krc aqy hirafxf dy isWKf dy ividak,smfjk ivkfs leI suLrU kIqIaF jf skx vflIaF XojnfvF dIaF sMBfvnfvF  nUM isWK jgq dy sfhmxy  pRsqUq krn| dUjy pfsy sRomxI gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI ny hirafxf ivc vWKrI sRomxI gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI dI mMg nUM nkfrn leI ‘sRomxI  gurduafrf pRbMDk  kmytI dIaF hirafxf rfj ivc  syvf srgrmIaF’ nF df ikqfbcf  jfrI krky ieh dfavf  qWQf sihq pRsqUq kIqf hY ik hirafxf dy sRomxI kmytI aDIn afAuNdy gurduafiraF qoN hox vflI vsUlI  dy mukfbly hirafxf ivc clfeIaF jf rhIaF  srgrmIaF aqy XojnfvF  qy ikqy vDyry Krc kIqf jf irhf hY | ies  ikqfbcy anusfr  sRomxI kmytI afpxy aiDkfr hyTly gurduafiraF qoN 10 PIsdI rkm dsvMD vjoN aqy 10 PIsdI Dfrimk PMz vjoN vsUl krdI hY aqy 2000 qoN 2005 qWk ieMnFH gurduafiraF qoN kuwl rkm 4,06,46,928 rUpey vsUl hoey jdik hirafxf rfj ‘c sRomxI  kmytI vWlo 5,15,37,730 rupey Krc  kIqy gey|  hirafxf  dy sYksLn 87(bI) dy aMqrgq afAux vfly 18 gurduafiraF qoN ipCly  pMj sflF ivc sRomxI kmytI ny  koeI rkm vsUl nhI kIqI ikAuNik  sfrI afmdn ieMnHF gurduafiraF dI sFB-sBFl qy hI Krc ho rhI hY| sRomxI kmytI vWlo hirafxf aqy ihmfcl ‘c iswK Drm dy pRcfr-pRsfr ihWq bxI sMsQf isWK imsLn qy hr mhIny iek lWK rupey Krc kIqy jf rhy hn|

          sRomxI gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI dI sQfpnf ipWCy 1920eI[qoN lY ky 1925eI dy drimafn cWly isWK sMGrsL dI iek kurbfnIaF BrpUr dfsqf hY| gurDfmF nUM mhMqsLfhI qoN afjLfd krfAux leI ijMnFH iswKf ny afpxf KUn zoilHaF,Auh pUrn qor  qy Dfrimk ibrqI vfly sn| aWj siQqI dI ivMzbnf dyKo,Aus sRomxI kmytI nUM rfjsI svfrQF ihwq vrqx dIaF koJIaF cflF KyizaF  jf rhIaf hn| idWlI dI siQqI hirafxf qoN vWKrI hY | idWlI dy gurduafiraF  dI afmdn hirafxf dy  gurduafiraF  qoN keI  guxf vDyry hY| AuQy isWK vsoN sMGxI hI nhI blik iksy hWd qk afpxI  vWKrI pCfx vI bxfeI bYTI hY pr hirafxf aijhf nhI hY| hirafxf ivc vWKrI sRomxI gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI dI mMg krn vfly jykr sWcmuWc  hI rfj dy isWKf dI ibhqrI  leI icMqq hn qf AunFH nUM hirafxy dy isWKf nUM sMgiTq krn ivc AusfrU Xogdfn pfAuxf cfhIdf hY| hirafxy  dy isWKf  dI pMjfb dy isWK jF akflI dl qo  vWKrI pCfx bxf ky,AunFH dy hWkf pRqI afvfjL bulMd krnI cfhIdI hY| hirafxy  dy isWKf  dI pMjfb  aqy idWlI  dy akflI dlF qoN vWKrI rfjsI jmfq hoxI cfhIdI hY  pr sRomxI  kmytI  aqy akfl qKLq nfl pRiqbWDqf brkrfr rWKxI cfhIdI hY| jykr iksy  pwDr qy hirafxf dIaF isWK sMgqF nfl sRomxI kmytI vWlo koeI ivqkrf ho irhf hY qF vWKrI kmytI dI mMg krn vfilaf nUM bVI sUJ-bUJ nfl sRomxI kmytI dy aMdrgq hI ieh mfmlf joLr-soLr nfl AuTfAuxf cfhIdf hY |

          sRI pRkfsL isMG bfdl nUM vI aMdrJfq pfAux dI loV hY | sRomxI  gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI  df irmot AunFH  dy hWQ  ivWc hY ies Dfrimk sMsQf ivc AuWcy-suWcy Dfrimk ibrqI vfly iswKf dI QF rfjsI ibrqI vfly lokF  df dbdbf hY| isWty vjoN  keI akflI dl bx gey hn jo eyDroN  AuDroN AunFH iTWbI lfAux ivc ruJy hoey hn| nuksfn iks nUM ho irhf hY| isWK Drm nUM aqy isWKf dy BwivK nUM| ies sWc nUM smJidaF hoieaf sRI bfdl nUM psLcqfp krnf cfhIdf hY blik  ies sMsQf  dI  ijLMmyvfrI  AuWcy -suWcy  Dfrimk  ikrdfr aqy sUJ -bUJ vfly afgUaF  nUM soNpx ivc afpxf  Xogdfn pfAuxf cfhIdf hY| hirafxf ivc vWKrI  sRomxI gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI  dI mMg krn vfly afpxy AudysL dI pUrqI  ihq hux hirafxf  srkfr qy tyk lgfeI bYTy hn pr hirafxf dI kFgrs srkfr bxI isafxI hY| vWKrI  kmytI dI mMg krn vfilaF  dy jLbrdsq  dbfE dyx dy bfvjUd  rfj ivDfnsBf ‘c vWKrI sRomxI  gurduafrf pRbMDk  kmytI bfry aYkt pfs kr ky koeI Kqrf muwl lYx dI QF Aus ny afpxI hI pfrI dy isWK  nyqf hrmoihMdr isMG cWTf dI agvfeI hyT  iek kmytI bxf idWqI hY jo rfj  dy vWK-vWK  vrgF dy  isWK  afgUaf isWK buWDIjIvIaF aqy iswK sMgqF nfl ivcfr msLvrF krn AuprMq  vWKrI kmytI  bfry koeI  isPfrsL krygI| sRI cWTf hirafxf dy iek sulJy  aqy hMZy hoey isafsqdfn hn | Auh ies dy sfry pihlUaF  nUM ivcfr krngy|

           muwkdI gwl vWKrI  gurduafrf  pRbMDk  kmytI  dy hWk  aqy ivroD ivc  sLfml iDrf  nuM afpxy  soNy injI ihWqf qoN Aupr AuT ky pMQk  soc apnfAuxI  cfhIdI hY | akflI dlF  aqy sRomxI  gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI  nUM iml ky  afl ieMzIaF  gurduafrf aYkt  dI gWl qornI cfhIdIhY |akflI dlF nUM  afpxIaF rfjsI  ijLMmyvfrIaF  bfKubI inBfAuxI cfhIdI hn aqy sRomxI  gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI qy AuWcy -suWcy Dfrimk  ikrdfr vfly  gurmuKf  df bolbflf  hoxf cfhIdf hY | vwKrI kmytI  dI mMg krn vfly  hirafxy dy isWK nyqfvF nuM afpxf  jnfDfr mjLbUq krnf cfhIdf hY | hirafxf dy isWKf nUM hirafxf dy ihWqf pRqI pRqIbWD rWK ky AunfH nUM jQybMd krnf cfhIdf hY| afpxy asr rsUK  dI vrqoN kr ky mojUdf  srkfr vwl ohirafxf ivc pMjfbI /BfsLF aqy isWK kom nUM bxdf sQfn /siqkfr  idvfAux leI  XqnsLIl hoxf  cfhIdf hY| jykr Auh smJdy hn ik hirafxf dy isWKf nfl koeI  ivqkrf ho irhf hY qf  rfj ivWc Gwt igxqI kimsLn dI mMg krnI cfhIdI hY | hirafxy  dy isWKf dI srb-pWKI KusLhflI  aqy ibhqrI leI AunfH df sfkrqfmk Xogdfn avsL hI sflfhuxXog hovygf|

pMjfb aqy do dI igxqI df ieiqhfs

prmjIq isMG dfKf, dl Kflsf afP amrIkf

iswK kOm df jnm pMjfb ivwc hoieaf. sRI gurU goibMd isMG jI qoN ibnF sfry gurU sfihbfnF dI pRkfÈ BUmI pMjfb hI hY. gurU goibMd isMG jI vI bfl avwsQf ivwc hI pMjfb af gey sn . Kflsy df jnm vI pMjfb ivwc hI hoieaf aqy Kflsf viDaf Puilaf vI pMjfb ivwc . pMjfb qoN hI sMgq aqy pMgq dIaF aduwqI mirXfdF clIaF, ijMnFH ƒ awj iswKI srUp ivwc luwk ky gYr iswK sLkqIaF qoVn df Xqn kr rhIaF hn. pMjfb ivwcoN hI qkrIbn sfrIaF gurIlf lVfeIaF lVIaF geIaF aqy Kflsy ny afpxy pivqwr KUn nfl-ihMdI-ihMdU-ihMdosqfn-dI aËmq ƒ bcfAUx leI DrqI dy Ëry Ëry ƒ isMijaf .

          pMjfb dy isr hI ihMdusqfn ƒ asl afËfd krvfAux df muwZ vwjdf hY . iswK kOm df suinhrI ieiqhfs vI qkrIbn qkrIbn pMjfb dy duafly hI GuMmdf hY . ijqnI dyr qwk iek vI ijMdf jLmIr vflf guriswK (sMq jrnYl isMG Kflsf jI vrgf) ijMdf hY - pMjfb ijMLdf hY  .  ijqnI dyr qwk pMjfb ijMLdf hY - Kfilsqfn ijMLdf hY .

gurU ibMnF iswK dI gwq nhIN

Kfilsqfn ibMnF iswK dI pwq nhIN

          Drm injI aqy smfjk jIvn dI pRyrnf df somf huMdf hY , pr ieh rfj sqf qoN ibMnF cl nhIN skdf . iesy leI gurU sfihbfn jI ny Kflsy ƒ ieh gwl cMgI qrF idRwV krvf idwqI sI,( rfj ibMnF nih Drm cly hYN, Drm ibMnF sB dly mly hYN) Drm dI rfKI dy Auicwq pRbMD leI rfj sqf df hoxf lfËmI hY. ies kQn dI puÈtI qF ieQoN hI ho jFdI hY - ik afpF ƒ  (iswKF ƒ) hjUr sfihb jI dy drÈnF ƒ jfx vfly rsqyaF qy ihMdU vKvfdIaF dy hwQoN jLlIl hox mgroN hI afpxI mMijl qy phuMcxf nsIb huMdf hY. iehnF kfrnF krky hI iswK kOm dy BivwK df inÈfnf qF dsm pfqÈfh jI dy smyN qoN hI AulIk idwqf igaf sI   ( rfj krygf Kflsf, afkI rhy nf koie ) «

      iswK kOm awj qoN kuwJ arsf pihlF - XUrp dy iksy mulk qoN vI vwzy aqy ivÈfl rfj Bfg dI mflk sI aqy iswK rfj dIaF sMsfr dy pRiswD mulkF nfl ijMnF ivwc ieMglYNz-PrFs-rUs-cIn-eIrfn-aqy aPgfinsqfn-afid mulkF dIaF srkfrF nfl (srkfr Kflsf) dy nfm qy bkfiedf sMDIaF sn . iswK kOm dy mfhfrfjy ƒ-ieMglYNz dy bfdÈfh ny 1831 ivwc pMj vDIaf GoVy aqy iek Èfndfr gwzI qohPy vwjoN ByNt krky mfx pRfpq kIqf sI . pr 47 qoN bfad ihMdU awqvfdI srkfr ny afpxI ( iswKF dI ) jvfnI ƒ kuclx - buZfpy ƒ rolx aqy pwq ƒ mDOlx df mfx pRfpq kIqf hY .

      awj vFg , aTfrvIN sdI ivwc Auprokq imQy hoeyy inÈfny dI pRfpqI leI - jwdoN iswK kOm ijMdgI aqy mOq dy sMGrÈ ivwc jUwJ rhI sI, AudoN isMG sUrimaF dy isrF dy muwl pfey gey. bMd bMd kwt ky zrfieaf Dmkfieaf igaf awj - do jIpF mgr bMn ky ijAuNdy isMG ƒ ivwcfilAUN pfV ky ÈhId krky, afpF ƒ (KfilsqfnI XoDyaF ƒ)—zrfAux jF DmkfAux dI nfkfmXfb koiÈÈ kIqI geI . pRMqU iehnF sfry julmF aqy ËbrF dy bfvjUd iswK sUrmy afpxy inÈfny qoN nhIN iQwVky . so kOmI inÈfny df idRV skMlp ijqnf iswK kOm aMdr irhf hY, Aus dI imsfl vI dunIaF dI iksy hor kOm dy ieiqhfs ivwc nhIN imwldI .

          guriswK ieiqhfs aMdr JfqI mfiraF pwqf lgdf hY, ik iswK Drm nfl do do igxqI df bVf gUVf sbMD hY.

          sB qoN pihlF gurU nfnk dyv jI nfl do syvkF BfeI bflf jI aqy BfeI mrdfnf jI ny aiqaMq suinhrI mfrg qy kdm vwDf ky sFndfr rvfieqF ƒ kfiem kIqf. do gurUaF - gurUu arjn dyv jI aqy gurU qyg bhfdr jI ny ÈhIdI dI pRMprf ƒ surjIq krky, sLhIdI dI jFc isKfeI . do gurUaF-gurU hirgoibMd sfihb jI aqy gurU goibMd isMG jI ny hiQafrF dI jMg ƒ jnm idwqf . do Coty - sfihbjfidaF - ƒ nIhF ivwc icwx ky ÈhId kIqf igaf . do vwzy sfihbjfidaF ny cVdI Aumr dy cVdy sflF ivwc mYdfny jMg aMdr jUwJ ky ÈhfdqF pRfpq kIqIaF . do isMGF-bfbf boqf isMG aqy bfbf grjf isMG jI ny ipwTF joV ky soitaF nfl - tMbyaF nfl XuwD krky nvF ieiqhfs isrijaf. dl Éflsf dy do isMGF - bGyl isMG aqy jwsf isMG afhlUvflIaf ny idwlI Pqih kIqI aqy lfl ikly Aupr kysrI pRcm lihrfieaf . dl Éflsf dy do isMGF- suwKf isMG aqy mihqfb isMG ny mwsy rMGV df isr vwZ ky buwZf jOV dy jMglF vwl ƒ jFidaF rsqy ivwc mwsy dy vwzy hoey isr nfl KUwdo KUMzI Kyizaf. sMq jrnYl isMG jI nfl rl ky - do isMGF BfeI amrIk isMG aqy jrnl Èubyg isMG ny ihMdusqfnI POj ƒ KUb lohy dy cwxy cbfey . do isMGF BfeI gijMdr isMG jI dI dUr aMdyÈI aqy sR:kpUr isMG jI dy QfpVy sdkf dl Éflsf muV surjIq hoieaf. do isMGF ibaMq isMG aqy sqvMq isMG ny smuwcI iswK kOm dI kfql ieMdrf ƒ soDf lfieaf . do isMGF sqvMq isMG aqy ikhr isMG ƒ ieMdrf kql kys dy sbMD ivwc PFsI idwqI geI. do isMGF, BfeI hrijMdr isMG ijMdf aqy BfeI suKdyv isMG suwKf  ny kOm dy kfqlF ƒ lwB lwB ky soDy lfey aqy PFsI dy mukfm qwk phuMcy. do isMGF-idlfvr isMG aqy blvMq isMG ny, iswK kOm qy byaMq julm krn vfly byaMq isMG df aMq kIqf.  do isMGF  zf:gurmIq isMG aOlK aqy zf:prmjIq isMG ajrfvq ny iswK rfj dy pqn mgroN 144 sflF bfad, amrIkf qoN jf ky XU[aYn[pI[A[ nYdr lYNz ivKy Kflsf pMQ df kysrI pRcMm lihrfieaf. do isMGF-prmjIq isMG dfKf aqy ggndIp isMG ny rl ky amrIkf ivwc dl Éflsf dI hoNd ƒ kfiem kIqf aqy BfrI kfPlf iqafr krky amrIkf dy ieiqhfs aMdr pihlI vfr julfeI iqMn 2005 ƒ Kfilsqfn df JMzf jfrI krky lihrfieaf.

          aMgryjI hkUmq smyN aqy awj ihMdUsqfnI rfj ivwc vI ieh kOmI sMklp kMm krdf irhf hY . cfhy drbfr sfihb dIaF cfbIaF df mslf sI jF rkfb gMj gurduafry dI kMD df . cfhy ikRpfn qy pfbMdI df mslf sI jF pMjfb dy iksfnF dy hkF df mslf sI . pr jd smuwcI iswK kOm dI hsqI ƒ Kqrf pYdf hoieaf, sfry afpxy mq BydF ƒ iek pfsy rwK ky srbwq Kflsy dy JMzy hyTF iekqr hoey aqy duÈmx nfl iekiTaF lohf ilaf.

          pr aPsos ik awj iewkTy hox dI jwgf kuwJ ivakqI phfVIey bRfhmxF dy jfl ivwc Pws ky afpixaF ƒ hI Kqm krn qy quwly hoey hn jF iPr Éfilsqfn dy sMGrÈ ƒ kurfhy pfAux leI iek jQybMdI dy nfl imldI juldI dUsrI jQybMdI KVI kr idMdy hn . ieMdrf rfjIv dy vfrso, Brm BulyiKaF dI DuMd ivwcoN bfhr afvo. KUMn Krfby nfl qusIN kuwJ vI pRfpq nhIN kr skdy . nf hI dyÈ ivwc ÈfqI, nf hI ihMdosqfn dI slfmqI . ies leI ihMdU aqvfdI hfkmF dy phfVI kirMidAu qusIN bYT ky Bfrq dI aqy Éfilsqfn dI hwd bMdI kr lvo iesy ivwc hI dohF mulkF df Blf hY . asIN iswK dunIaF dy ijs iksy ihsy ivwc vI hoeIey, asIN afpxI ardfs duafrf Gto Gt idMn ivwc do vfr afpxy kOmI ÈhIdF ƒ srDFjlI pyÈ krdy hF. iswK kOm dy inÈfny ( rfj krygf Kflsf) dy sMklp ƒ duhrfAuNdy hF . ibrD kI pYj aqy pMQ kI jIq dy sMklp dI Xfd qfjf krdy hF. jhF jhF Éflsf jI sfihb qhF qhF riCaf irafieq dI ÈuwB kfmnf krdy hF . julm nfl tkrfAuidaF hoieaF, iBafnk simaF ivwc dI ivcridaF hoieaF vI srwbq df Bwlf mMgxf vI kyvl qy kyvl sfzI iswK kOm dy ihsy hI afieaf hY .

ÈhIdF dy KUMn nfl iliKaf hY ieiqhfs afpxf , njrF ies vwl iek vfr qusIN mfr lYxf .

iewklf iewklf awKr ienklfb dI gwl krdf , jwdoN vI imly mOkf qusIN afp hI pwV ky ivcfr lYxf «

Éfilsqfn ƒ aËfd krvfAUx leI - dl Éflsy koiÈÈF krdy rihxgy .

pMj - afb dI sohxI DrqI Auqy -  myly ÈhIdF dy lgdy rihxgy «

smF sdf ieko ijhf nhIN rihMdf

prmjIq isMG dfKf, dl Kflsf afP amrIkf

afpxy iswK Drm dI kfiemI ƒ qF byÈk qkrIbn (5) sdIaF qoN vwD df smF ho igaf hY,pRMqU jy kr Kflsf pMQ dI sQfpnf qoN hI gwl ÈurU krIey qF ipCly qkrIbn(300)sflF qoN Xfdf smyN ivwc afpxy Aupwr axigxq vfr ibËlI igr cuwkI hY . aorMgjyb, PruKsIar, jkrIaf KF,XfhIaf KF,mIr mMnU, ÜKpq, jspq, aihmdÈfh abdflI, nfdr, aqy iPrMgI dy jmfny ivwc lgfqfr afpxy Aupwr ibjlI igrdI rhI. ijQy koeI iswK idwsy mfr idAu.aijhy jfrI huMdy hukm kI asmfnI ibjlI qoM Gwt sn ? mfvF dy duwD pIdyN bwcy Koh ky Aupwr hvf ivwc AuCflxf qy iPr hyTF izwgidaF ƒ briCaF Aupwr pRoxf,bwicaF dy isr vwz ky hfr pro ko mfvF dy gwlF ivwc pfAuxf, bMdf isMG bhfdr dy mfsUm bwcy df idl kwZ ky , bMdf isMG dy mUMh ivwc quMnxf , BfeI mMnI isMG jI df bMd bMd kwt ky ÈhId krnf kI afpxy Aupwr ibjlIaF igwrn qoN Gwt sI ?                             

     ipClI sdI dIaF GtnfvF hI leIey,bj bj Gft df sfkf, sRI nnkfxf sfihb df sfkf, gurU ky bfg df aqy gMgsr jYqo dy ÈhIdI sfky vI qF afpxy Aupwr BfrI ibjlIaF igwrn dy smfn hI sn , 1947 ivwc ihMdUsqfn BfvyN afjfd ho igaf ( ijs leI sB qoN vDyry kurbfnIaF gurU nfnk jI dI iswK kOm ny hI idwqIaF,cfhy ieh PFsIaF dy PMdy sn,kfly pfxI dIaF kYdF jF jlfvqnI dIaF sKq sjfvF sn jF hor kurkIaF aqy brbfdIaF )jy kr pihlF aMgRyj mdfrI df rol adf kr rhy sn qF mwgroN ieho kuwJ afjfd ihMdUsqfn aMdr ihMdU aqvfdIaF vwloN, (kFgrs aqy bI jy pI,afid hor ihMdU sMgTnF ny)krnf ÈurU kr idwqf.kI hoieaf jy kr iek awD PI sdI  mfieaf DfrIaF kfrKfny dfrF, jfgIr dfrF,jF hkUmq dI cmcf igrI jF kOm nfl gdfrIaF krn krky, bldyv isMG,gopfl isMG, jYl isMG,bUtf isMG,bfdl jF brnflf ny vjIrIaF,sPIrIaF qy gvrnrIaF ijhy ahudy pRfpq krky dyÈ dy afËfd ÈihrI hox df Brm pfl ilaf, pRMqU 99% iswK kOm qF AUvyN hI Ëulm dI cwkI ivwc ipsdI af rhI hY .cwkI clfx vfly hwQ jrUr bdlI huMdy af rhy hn.vyiKaf jfvy qF bUty,brnfly,vrigaF dIaF vjIrIaF vI nf hoieaF vrgIaF hI hn.ieh qF KflI kTpuqlIaF hI hn? jdoN ik zor pihlF qoN hI nihrU, ieMdrf, rfjIv, zysfeI, vI pI isMG, cMdr ÈyKr jF vfjpfeI vrigaF dy hwQ rhI hY aqy agoN vI rihxI hY . ijs idMn vI kTpuqlI ny brfbr nfc nf nicaf, Jwt cuwk ky hkUmq ivwcoN bfhr suwt idwqf jFdf hY . afKr hY qF kTpuqlI hI . sfry vyrvy dyx dI loV nhIN, ikAuNik pihlF nfloN hux afpxy iswK isafxy aqy smJdfr , pVy ilKy hn qkrIbn ieh sfry sB jfxdy hn .

      1978 dI ivsfKI vfly idMn aimRMqsr ivKy afpxyy Aupwr ibjlI AUdoN igrI jdoN 13 isMGF ƒ nrkDfrI gurbcny dy lfxy ny ÈhId kr idwqf aqy drjnF hI isMG jKmI hoey .ies hfdsy ny sfry sMsfr dy iswKF ƒ hlf ky rwK idwqf.

          nrkDfrIaF vwloN 26 sMqbr 1978 ƒ kfnpur aqy iPr 5 nvMbr 1978 ƒ idwlI ivwKy afpxy Aupwr ibjlI igrI, ijs ivwc qkrIbn iek drjn dy krIb isMG isMGxIaF ÈhId hoey . pqf nhIN ieh ibjlI hor ikQy ikQy igr ky kOmI jfnI qy mflI nuksfn qy nuksfn krI jFdI jy kr pfpI gurbcny ƒ soDx vflf gurU df lfl nf inqrdf .ies qoN aglI iBMafnk ibjlI afpxy Aupwr igrI 1984 ivwc 1 nMvbr qoN 5 nMvbr qwk,jo idwlI qoN ielfvf kfnpur (XUpI), bokfro (ibhfr), JFsI aqy Bupfl (mD pRdys), kuwlU-mnflI (ihmfcl pRdys), afid Bfrq dy anykF ngrF-ÈihrF Aupwr igrI aqy lwKF dI igxqI ivwc bwcy-buwZy-mfqfvF-muitafrF-gwBrU - iswK ies dI Bytf cVy, by ihsfb Gr PUwkygey, axigxq iswK pRvfr GroN byGr ho gey,jo hmyCF leI ruwlx jogy rih gey.hjfrF dy suhfg luwty gey,hjfrF bwcy XqIm ho gey aqy hjfrF hI bfp inwpuqy aqy inafsry ho gey .

      mIr mMnU aqy abdflI ny ikMnI vfh lfeI sI ik iswK df srvnfÈ kr idwqf jfvy,pr iswKI df bUwtf hr Ëulm nfl inswrdf hI igaf hY.ijMnIaF mrjI kFgrs dIaF kfgF cwV ky afvx jF bI jy pI,dy nIkrDfrI bfdl-durgf dy mMdrF ivwc twl KvkfAUNdf iPrdf hY aqy iswKF df pop aKvfAUx vflf tOhVf iÈv mMdrF ivwc jf ky iÈv ilMg dI pUjf krdf irhf hY . kwC-kwVf-kMGf-ikRpfn-ienko Byjo pfiksqfn, dy lwK nfhry lf lYx, gurU ky swcy Kflsy df vfl ivMgf krn vflf nf koeI jMimaf - nf hI jMmxf hY .

( Kflsy ƒ mfry Kflsf - jF mfry krqfr ).

          pMjfb Kflsy df hY aqy Kflsf pMjfb df hY.ies ny ieQy hI jMnm ilaf aqy ieQoN hI jIvn pfieaf hY. KuÈIaF KUÈhflIaF, afËfdIaF, srdfrIaF vI ieQy hI mfxygf . jo kOm dUsiraF ƒ afËfdI idvf skdI hY, Auh Kuwd afËfd ikAUN nhIN ho skdI ? isrP smyN dI gwl hY aqy smF sdf ieko ijhf nhIN rihMdf.

ijsdI pwq ƒ pY jfvy hwQ loko, Aus dI imwtI ÈrIk vI rol idMdy.

 ByzF kuwt Kf ky DoxF sutdIaF ny,

isMG kuwt Kf ky hwly bol idMdy «

isWK gulfmI dI khfxI:-do byjLbfn GoiVaF dI jLbfnI

ibhfr dI rfjDfnI ptny qoN 30 mIl dUr, ijLlf jhfnfbfd dy  hYzkvfrtr ‘ qy 11 nvSbr nUS, ieWk hjLfr nkslIaF df Dfvf  dWs irhY ik- idWlI dUr nhIN !

ieiqhfs ivWc bVIaF drdnfk khfxIaF  by-juLbfnF vloN hI suxfeIaF jFdIaF hn, aqy EuhnF df asr hor sB qrFH dy ivsQfr nfloN ikqy zUSgF huSdf  hY.

15 agsq 1947 dI dysL vSz ny, lWgBWg aWDI isWK kom nUS, GroN byGr  krky pUrbI pSjfb ivWc pnfhgIr bxfieaf, smuWcI isWK kom nUS 200 qoN ijafdf ieqhfisk gurduvfiraF  qoN ivCoiVaf, lWKF dI igxqI ivWc isWKF df jfnI nuksfn hoieaf, hjLfrF aorqF by-pWq hoeIaF- pr sfnUS, ieh sB jrn leI EupdysL idWqf igaf- ‘ajLfdI dI kINmq cukfnI hI pVqI hY .’ 10 akqUbr 1947 nUS asIN srkfrI srkUlr rfhIN ‘pnfhgIr’  qoN  jrfiem pysLf bx gey. isWK kom nUS, ies  ‘ibjleI Jtky’ny, pihlI sWty hI ieh aihsfs krvf idWqf  ik  afpxI lIzrisLp dI mUrK nIqIaF dI bdolq, Euh hux aWgryj gulfmI’ coN inkl ky ‘ihSdU gulfmI’  dy sSglF ivWc nUVI geI hY . ipClI  aWDI sdI dy hfdsy, Euprokq isWty dI  lgfqfr poRVqf kr rhy hn .

 hfkm jLmfq, gulfm kom nUS keI qrF dy qor qrIikaF dI  vrqoN nfl,  hmysLF ieh Xfd krvfEuNdI rihSdI hY ik Euh afpxI gulfmI dy dfiery ivWc rihSidaF hI sqSusLt rhy- koeI hor qvWko nF kry. arbI nsl dy do pfiksqfnI GoVy ( ijnHF dy nfm ‘sulqfn aqy ‘bSdUk df puWqr’ rWKy  gey sn) ijhVy pfiksqfnI pSjfb dy muWK mSqrI coDrI prvyjL ielfhI ny, pUrbI pSjfb dy muWK mSqrI amirSdr isSG nUS qohPy vjoN ByNt kIqy- EuhnF vfgf bfzr  qy hoieaf hsLr-asl ivWc isWK gulfmI dI khfxI hI kih irhf hY !

 jnvrI-2004 ivWc, kYptn amirSdr isSG  ny, coDrI prvyjL ielfhI dy sWdy qy 29 jnvrI qoN 31 jnvrI qWk lhor ivWc ho rhI ‘ vrlz pSjfbI kfnPfrSs’ ivWc sfLiml hox df PYslf kIqf.  Eusny BfrqI ivdysL mSqrfly  qoN iesdI afigaf mSgI. 20 jnvrI qWk, ‘kyNdrI hfkmF’  qoN  koeI jvfb nF imlx qy, 21 jnvrI nUS amirSdr isSG ny, afpxI pfiksqfnI PyrI rWd krn sbSDI mIzIey nUS jfxkfrI idWqI. pr iPr Eusy sLFm hI Euh idWlI phSuc igaf aqy pRDfn mSqrI pSzq atl ibhfrI vfjpfeI  df imSnq qrlf kIqf. Eusny ivdysL mSqrfly qoN amirSdr isSG df ‘klIar’ krvf idWqf - pr Eusdy nfl jfx vfly 10 mYNbrI  vPd sbSdI cuWp Dfr leI . bVI Bwj-doV aqy cfplUsI qoN bfad, Xfqrf sLurU hox qoN 24 GSty pihlF 10 mYNbrI vPd dy mYNbrF nUS klIarYNs idWqI  geI . Xfd rhy iesqoN pihlF jdoN amirSdr isSG ny , pSjfb dy vpfrIaF  dy ieWk vPd nfl CIn df dorf krn dI XojnF bxfeI sI qF iesdI kyNdr srkfr vloN afigaf nhI sI idWqI geI.

kYptn amirSdr isSg df pfiksqfn  ivKy bVf sLfhnF svfgq kIqF igaf . pfiksqfnI pSjfbIaF ny apxy idl- invfjLI dy slIky nfl, hmysLF hI isWKF nUS moihaf hY . kYptn amirSdr isSG ny, dohF pSjfbF ivWc vpfr sbSdF dI gWl kridaF ikhf- ‘ asIN opUrbI pSjfb ivWc 670 rupey kivStl dI  kyNdr srkfr vloN nIaq- kImq  qy kxk vycdy hF pr ieh hI kxk aSimRqsr qoN isrP 30 mIl dUr, lfhor ivWc 1260 rupey kivStl ivk rhI hY. ieh asIN  isWDI ikEuN nhIN vyc skdy?’ BfrqI hfkmF ny iesdf  ‘burf’ mnfieaf. kYptn amirSdr isSG ny pfiksqfn ivWc , afpxy vlvilaf df KuWl ky iejLhfr kIqf. amirSdr isSG nUS ivdfiegI dy  moky, coDrI prvyjL ielfhI ny, ieWk vDIaf, Kbr nsl df, islvr grya rSg df GoVf ( sulqfn) Byt kIqf aqy Euh afp vfGf bfrzr qWk CWzx afieaf. pr vfGf bfrzr qy ieWk BfrqI kstm aiDkfrI ny, GoVf PV ky ikhf ik iesnUS pihlF, kuWJ mhIny GoVsfl ivWc dyK-ryK ivWc   rWKxF pvygf qF ik ikqy  ‘pfiksqfnI kItfxU’ BfrqI GoiVaF nUS nF cSbV jfx. amirSdr isSg ny kcIcI qF KfDI pr pitaflf sLfhI rfijaF df iesLt vyly dy hfkmF dI qfbydfrI hI irhf hY- so sWq bcn kih ky EuQy hI GoVf CWz  afieaf .  Eusy GoVy dI ikho-ijhI  dyKBfl , BfrqI aiDkfrIaF ny kIqI hovygI, iesdf ieh sbUq hY ik 2004 dy aKIr ivWc Euh GoVf, BfrqI ‘kYd’ ivc hI dm qoV igaf . ies hfdsy df jdoN, coDrI prvyjL ielfhI nUS pqf lWgf qF apRYl , 2005 ivWc, Eusny ieWk hor arbI GoVf( bSdUk df puWqr) amirSdr isSG nSUN   ‘qohPy dy rUp ivWc Byijaf. ieh GoVf vI pihly GoVy vFg , ajy vI BfrqI aiDkfrIaF dI ‘kYd’ ivWc hY aqy iesnUS amirSdr isSG qWk nhIN phuScx idWqf igaf . asl ivWc ieh khfxI, do GoiVaF dI nF ho ky BfrqI kbjLy hyTly pSjfb dy isWKF dI gulfmI dI khfxI hY . pr aPsos!  amirSdr isSG , pRkfsL isSG bfdl dI nsl dI isWK lIzrisLp, BfrqI gulfmI nUS ‘rWb df Bfxf’ mSn ky, sWqf dy gilafiraF ivWc huSidaF hoieaF  vI ‘bybWsI’ nUS hI ‘isWK mfx ‘ dWs ky bVf kuPr qoldy hn .pr Bfrq dy nksLy ivWc kYd  dilaF aqy afidvfsIaF ny, BfrqI gulfmI dy jUly   nUS ikSnF jQybSd kr ilaf hY- iesdf sbUq 11 nvSbr nUS ibhfr dI rfjDfnI ptny qoN 30 mIl dUr, ijLlf  jhfnfbfd  dy hYWzkvftr q,y ieWk hjfLr nkslIaF vloN kIqf igaf hmlf hY. mIzIaf irportF anusfr , nkslIaF ny do idn pihlF sLihr dI ibjlI splfeI kWt idWqI  sI. 11 nvSbr nUS EuhnF ny sLihr nUS pUrI qrHF sIl  kr idWqf aqy Eusdy dfKlf puafieSt qy inklx rsiqaF nUS pUrI qrF bSd kr idWqf igaf. EuhnF ny jylH qy hWlf bol ky EuQoN  341 kYdIaF irhfa   krvfieaf. EuhnF ny izsitRkt kort, puils lfeInjL, ijLlfH aslfKfnf, izsitRkt jWj  df Gr aqy  aYsL aYs kflj ivWc lWgy pYrf-imltrI dy kYNp qy ieWko vyly Dfvf boilaf. nkslvfdI, ‘sfiQE-idWlI clo’ dy nfhry lf rhy sn. ies dlyrfnf kfrvfeI ny BfrqI hfkmF nUS idny hI  ‘BWbU qfry’  ivKf idWqy hn.

Bfrq Br ivWc aWz-aWZ  lihrF rfhIN EuWT irhf ivdroh dWs irhf hY ik Bfrq dysL df Gogf icWq hox vflf  hY. pr bhfdr isWK kOm df ajLfdI-qrfnf ikwQy hY aqy Eusny  ‘mfnisk gulfmI’ coN inkl ky, kdoN ihSdU  gulfmI dy sSgl  kWtxy  hn?