BfrqI kbjLy hyTly pMjfb dy muwK mMqrI kYptn amirMdr isMG dy XqnF sdkf pfiksqfnI pMjfb nfl sFJ dIaF qMdF idnoN-idn mjLbUq ho rhIaF hn. donoN pfisEN vwK-vwK vrgF dy lokF df afAux-jfx viDaf hY. ieQoN qk ik donoN pMjfbF dy mwuK mMqrI iek-dUjy dy sUibaF dy srkfrI dOry kr cuwky hn. donF pMjfbF dI ies sFJ df muwK duafr bixaf hY vfhgf bfrzr. aMimRqsr aqy lfhOr ivckfr bxI hoeI muwK sVk ƒ 1947 dI KUnI vMz ny do toty krky pMjfb ƒ hI cIr idwqf sI.

pMjfb dy lokF `qy arMB kfl qoN hI rwb dI mhfn bKisLsL rhI hY. gurU nfnk sfihb qoN pihlF bfbf PrId aqy hornF sUPI sMqF ny ieQoN dI pivwqr DrqI `qy nroeIaF kdrF kImqF df sMcfr kIqf. pMjfb dI rIVH dI hwzI rhy iswK Drm ny sMsfr ƒ aYsI inwgr syD idwqI hY ik ieQoN bfbf bMdf isMG bhfdr aqy mhfrfjf rxjIq isMG dy ‘srbwq dy Bly vfly rfj’ cwldy rhy hn. AunHF vyilaF `c ajokf pfiksqfnI pMjfb hI iswKI dI krmBUmI sI jo 1947 `c Bfrq nfl rihx dy iek iswK ivroDI PYsly kfrx nf rhI. ies mgroN ajoky pfiksqfn vfly pfsy rih rhy iswK, Bfrq dI lkIr twp ajoky pMjfb `c af gey.

1947 dI Bfrq-pfiksqfn vMz afr[aYs[aYs[ dI soc vflI ihMdUDfrf dy pRBfv hyT hoeI sI. ies mOky 10 lwK dy krIb iswK aqy muslmfn afr[aYs[aYs[ dI iPrkU soc kfrn hoey dMigaF `c mfry gey sn. iswKF aqy muslmfnF ƒ lVfAux vfly ieh GtIaf lok awK bcfky iKsk gey sn qy awj ieh muslmfnF qoN hirmMdr sfihb dI rwiKaf krn dIaF byqukIaF zINgF mfrky iswKF dI hmdrdI ijwqx dIaF koJIaF koisLsLF vI krdy rihMdy hn. ipCy ijhy iek smfgm `c afpxy aKOqI sUrbIqF ƒ ienHF aMimRqsr `c snmfnq krky iswKF ƒ mUrK bxfAux df Xqn vI kIqf sI.

ies vMz mgroN mfstr qfrf isMG aqy bldyv isMG juMzlI dy aihmkfnf PYsly kfrn iswKF ƒ Bfrq af ky rihx leI mjbUr hoxf ipaf. iswKF df vwzf ihwsf jdoN Bfrq vfly pfsy afAuxf sLurU hoieaf qF iPrkU qy jLihrIlI jLihnIaq vfly nihrU ny ienHF ƒ Bfrq dy vwK-vwK ihwisaF `c iKMzf idwqf, qF jo iekmuwT nf ho skx. ieQoN qk ik jdoN mfstr qfrf isMG ny vMz qoN pihlF iswKF nfl kIqy vfaidaF dI nihrU ƒ Xfd idvfeI qF Ausdf juafb sI “ab vkq bdl cUkf hY.” 10 akqUbr 1947 ƒ Bfrq dy gRihmMqrI ptyl ny iek srkUlr jfrI krky iswKF ƒ ‘jLrfiem pysLf’ krfr dy idwqf. ies mgroN iswKF `qy jLulmF df islislf sLurU ho igaf, ijsdI lMbI dfsqfn hY.

1947 mgroN Bfrq `c iswKF ƒ isr Auwcf krky mfx nfl ijAUx df hwk dyx ƒ BfrqI hfkm kdy vI iqafr nhIN hoey, ijsdy iswty vjoN iswK lgfqfr sMGrsLsLIl rhy hn. jdoN iswK BfrqI pMjfb `c afey sn, AudoN ieh bMjr sI. pr iswKF dI imhnq sdkf ieh 80ivaF `c KusLhfl ho igaf jo ik BfrqI hfkmF ƒ rVkdf sI. Aus vyly dI BfrqI pRDfn mMqrI ieMdrf gFDI ny 1966 `c ajoky pMjfb dI isrjxf qoN Ausdy mn `c AuBry nPrq dy bIjF ƒ pMjfb dI pivwqr DrqI `qy iKMzfAuxf sLurU kr idwqf. iswK afgU sMq jrnYl isMG iBMzrFvfilaF ny Aus ƒ qfVnf kIqI qF BUqrI hoeI ny 1984 `c akfl qKLq `qy cVHfeI krky iswKF df vwzI pwDr `qy kqlyafm kIqf. 8 nvMbr 1984 ƒ gurU nfnk pRkfsL purb mOky nnkfxf sfihb `c iekwqr hoey iswKF df kqlyafm krvfAux dI vI AusdI XojnfbMdI sI, jo ik 31 akqUbr 1984 ƒ Aus ƒ soD idwqy jfx kfrn isry nf cVH skI. pr Ausdf BUqiraf muMzf rfjIv Ausdy kql mgroN ihMdU iPrkfpRsqF ƒ BVkfAux `c sPl irhf.

awj Bfrq vfly pfsy dy iswK afpxy afp ƒ burI qrHF Psy mihsUs kr rhy hn. nIqIbwD ZMg nfl iswKF dI afriQkqf qbfh kIqI geI. iswKF ƒ afriQk pwKoN kmjLor krn leI hux qk koeI KyqI nIqI nf bxn idwqI geI. aKOqI iswK afgU (bfdlI lfxf) BfrqI nIqIaF `qy Puwl cVHfAuNdy rhy qy aKOqI Bfrq dI mjbUqI leI kMm krn dy nF hyT iswKF nfl gwdfrIaF krdy rhy, ijsdy iswty vjoN 80ivaF  `c KusLhflI dy rMg mfnx vflf pMjfb awj AujfVy dy rfh ipaf hoieaf hY. KyqI nIqI nf hox kfrn pMjfb `c Jonf lfAux dI iprq ny ieQoN df pfxI mukfAuxf sLurU kIqf hoieaf hY, ijs kfrn afAuNdy smyN `c bVy gMBIr iswty inkl skdy hn. mfVI afriQkqf kfrx hI pMjfb dI jvfnI ivdysLF `c Dwky Kfx leI mjbUr hY.

dUjy pfsy pMjfb dI DrqI `qy XU[pI[, ibhfr dy lokF dI vwD rhI igxqI qy pkV kfrn ieQy iswK GwtigxqI `c rih gey hn qy AunHF dy kfrobfr vI AunHF hwQoN inkl rhy hn. aijhI hflq `c cVHdy pMjfb dy muwK mMqrI kYptn amirMdr isMG vloN lihMdy pMjfb nfl kIqy jf rhy sFJ dy Auprfly sLlfGfXog hn. dovF pMjfb dy inwGy ho rhy irsLqy sLuB sMkyq idMdy hn. drasl dovF pMjfbF dI eykqf BfrqI pRbMD ƒ burI qrHF cuBdI hY aqy Auh hr kImq `qy ieh nhIN hox dyxf cfhuMdy. iesy krky AunHF hux qk Bfrq pfiksqfn ivckfr nPrq dI BwTI bflI hoeI hY, ijs df bflx dovF pfisaF dy pMjfbI hI bxdy rhy hn.

Bfrq aqy pfiksqfn dIaF POjF `c vDyry krky pMjfbI hI hn, jo hux qk dovF dysLF dI Kfqr lVdy mrdy rhy hn. 1947 qoN mgroN hux qk dovF pfisaF dy pMjfbI afps `c imlx leI qFG rhy hn, pr dovF dysLF dy hfkmF dIaF lfeIaF kMizaflIaF qfrF AunHF df rfh rokI rwKdIaF hn. pMjfbI dlyr, axKI qy ijLMdfidl hox krky iksy jLflm jrvfxy dI eIn mMnky nhIN ijAUN skdy. jdik BfrqI iKwqy df ihMdU zrpok, iBRsLt qy axK ivhUxf hox krky corIaF, zkYqIaF smyq hr iksm df iBRsLtfcfr krky zMg tpfAuNdf hY aqy vDyry BfrqI hfkm ies iKwqy `coN hI hn, jo dovF pMjfbF dI eykqf ƒ afpxI kursI dy rfh ivc aiVwkf smJdy hn.

dovF pMjfbF `c vwKo-vwK DrmF ƒ mMnx vfly lok rihMdy hn. BfrqI pMjfb ivc iswK Drm ƒ mMnx vfilaF dI igxqI vDyry hY (ijs ƒ BfrqI hfkm lfxf GwtigxqI `c qbdIl krn leI awzI cotI df jLor lf irhf hY), jdik pfiksqfnI pMjfb `c vDyry musilm Drm dy pYrokfr hn. kuwl imlfky dovIN pfsIN Dfrimk kwtVqf dI koeI zUMGI KfeI nhIN hY. vwKry Dfrimk ivsLvfsF dy bfvjUd afps `c eynf inwG qy ipafr mOjUd hY ik lok hr iksm dIaF hwdbMdIaF qoN Aupr AuTky ipafr-siqkfr dI sFJ dI nvIN dunIaF AusfrnI cfhuMdy hn. lfhOr qy aMimRqsr dI bxqr iPjLf qy rvfngI iek hY. dovyN sLihrF `c iswK gurU sfihbfn dI srbwq dy Bly vflI jIvn rONa vrqdI hY.

nnkfxf sfihb aqy hornF gurDfmF dy ivCVn df mlfl awj qk iswK mnF dI tIs bixaf hoieaf hY. smuwcI iswK kOm bfby nfnk dy Gr dI crn DUV msqk `qy lfAux leI ibhbl hY. kOm Aus idn dI AuzIk `c hY, ijs idn nnkfxf sfihb dy KuwlHy drsLn dIdfry XkInI ho jfxgy. jdik pfiksqfnI pMjfb dy sUPI muslmfn mlyrkotlf aqy hornF iebfdqgfhF `qy nqmsqk hox leI awlHf awgy duafvF krdy rihMdy hn. ienHF supinaF ƒ sfkfr krn `c aiVwkf bxdy BfrqI pfiksqfnI hfkmF dIaF glq nIqIaF qoN lok hux qMg af cuwky hn. iesy df hI iswtf hY ik BfrqI pMjfb dy muwK mMqrI kYptn amirMdr isMG aqy pfiksqfnI pMjfb dy muwK mMqrI pRvyjL ielfhI ny jIvn dy hr Kyqr `c afpsI sFJ vDfAux aqy srhwdI aiVwky dUr krn leI Auprfly qyjL kIqy hn.

sB qoN vwzI gwl aMimRqsr aqy lfhOr ivckfr rojLfnf ryl qy sVkI sMprk bhfl krn dI hY, ijs ivc vIjLy aqy hor iksy kfgjLI kfrvfeI df koeI JMjt nf hovy. lok byKOP ho ky ieDr AuDr jf skx. nnkfxf sfihb qoN aMimRqsr qk bxfeI jf rhI ‘zbl sVk’ sLlfGfXog hY. donF sLihrF ivckfr rojLfnf awp aqy zfAUn trYiPk bhfl krn dI loV hY. ies sbMDI pRfeIvyt bws mflkF ƒ rUt primt idwqy jfxy cfhIdy hn. aMimRqsr aqy lfhOr dI sFJ pMjfb dI afjLfdI dI jLfmn vI bx skdI hY. 40 iklomItr df ieh pYNzf gurU arjn sfihb pYdl hI qih kiraf krdy sn qy ies rsqy nfl AunHF df ieMnf ipafr sI ik hfkmsLfhI dy lfhOr `c PYlI dihsLq ƒ AunHF amn dy rUp `c icqvidaF ies ƒ gurbfxI `c lfhOr sLihr aMimRqsr isPqI df Gr ikhf hY ijs ƒ Bfrq dI gLulfm mfniskqf vfly iswK pRcfrkF ny qoV ky ‘aMimRqsr isPqI df Gr’ bxf ky pysL kIqf hoieaf hY, jo ik gurBfvnf dy Ault hY.

vMz qoN pihlF donoN sLihr vpfrk sFJ dy kyNdr rhy hn. aMimRqsr aqy lfhOr kRmvfr snaqI aqy KyqIbfVI dy mMzIkrn df QMmH sn. iesqoN pihlF aTfrHvIN sdI `c lfhOr hfkmsLfhI df kyNdr bxy rhy hn. iesdf vwzf kfrn donoN vwzy sLihrF df Pfslf Gwt hoxf aqy ieko rUt `qy siQq hoxf hY. ijs kfrn pysLfvr dy rsqy aPgfinsqfn, ierfn afid eysLIafeI mulkF nfl vpfr huMdf sI. awj lfhOr dI ijxs mMzI eysLIaf dI sB qoN vwzI mMzI hY, ijQy sfry pMjfb qoN PslF KrIdo-ProKq leI afAuNdIaF hn.

pfiksqfnI pfsy vwl mihMgfeI BfrqI pMjfb nfloN vwD hox krky AuQy BfrqI pMjfb `c iqafr huMdIaF rojLfnf vrqoN dIaF cIjLF dI mMg hY, jo ssqy Bfa ivk skdIaF hn. ieh qF hI sMBv hY jykr aMimRqsr aqy lfhOr ivckfr srhwdI aiVwkf dUr hovy. iesy qrHF iProjLpur aqy ksUr ivckfr trYiPk bhflI ho skdI hY. ksUr vI vpfrk kyNdr irhf hY, jo iProjLpur nfl juVn mgroN hor ivksq ho skdf hY.

donF pMjfbF dI eykqf ‘KLfilsqfn’ dy vI inwgr bfnxUM bMnH skdI hY. iksy vyly iswK rfj dI rfjDfnI lfhOr rhI hY. awj Bfrq aqy pfiksqfn vrgy iPrkU dysLF dI cwkI `c ips rhy donF pMjfbF dy lok KLflsy dy rfj dI muV qoN iewCf pflx lwg pey hn. afpxy pitaflf dOry mOky pfiksqfnI pMjfb dy muwK mMqrI cODrI prvyjL ielfhI ny rfq df Kfxf KFdy vkq jdoN BfrqI pMjfb dy mwuK mMqrI kYptn amirMdr isMG qoN AunHF dy ‘KLfilsqfn’ dy eyjMzy bfry pwuiCaf, qF AunHF df jvfb sI “pihlF bfrzr KuwlHvf leIey Pyr KLfilsqfn bfry vI soc lFgy.” ies qoN spwsLt hY ik afjLfd KLfilsqfn dI kfmnf dono pfisEN kIqI jf rhI hY qF jo dovF dysLF dy hukmrfnF dI iPrkU isafsq qoN Cutkfrf iml sky qy ivkfs aqy KusLhflI df nvF dOr sLurU ho sky.