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sMq iBMzrFvfilaF dI sLhfdq sbMDI koeI ivvfd kOm leI mMdBfgf-sLRomxI akflI dl aMimRqsr XU[ky
lokF dIaF njLrF imsIsfgf brYNptn sfAUQ dy nqIijaF qy brYNptn gfrzIan ivwc sMDU dI pVfeI bfry glq jfxkfrI
aMdrUnI poljL ‘c bYNs awgy ies hlky dy aMdrUnI poljL vI vwK vwK nqIjy idMdy hn. pRivMdr sMDU ny ikhf ik ieMtrnl poilMg anusfr AunHF dI pujIsLn pfjyitv hY jdoN ik bYNs kYNp dI dy iewk vlMtIar ny dwisaf ik ieMtrnl poilMg anusfr bYNs 15% agy hY. imsIsfgf brYNptn sfAUQ dy AumIdvfrF dI tYlIvIjLn zIbyt vIrvfr 24 jUn nMU rfq dy 10 vjy cYnl 10 qy pRsfrq hovygI. zIbyt ivwc pfl mfritn nMU KrIaF KrIaF sunxIaF peIaF !! Gwt igxqI srkfr bxn dy afsfr, 20% votr ajy vI doicwqI ‘c azvFs poilMg: jUn 18, 19 aqy 21 nMU dupihr 12 qoN sLfm dy 8 vjHy qwk
isafsI mfihrF anusfr kYnyzf dy votr ies vfr iksy vI rfjnIqk pfrtI nMU spwsLt mjOrtI dyx dy mUz ivwc nhIN hn, ijs sdkf kYnyzf dI aglI srkfr asiQr hovygI. isafsI mfihrF anusfr ilbrl pfrtI nMU 100 dy afs pfs sItF imlx dI sMBfvnf hY, jdoN ik kMsrvyitv pfrtI 125 dy krIb sItF ijwqx ivwc sPl ho skdI hY. blfk ikAUibk 60 aqy aYn[zI[pI[ 20 sItF dy lgBg ijwq skdI hY. ieQy ieh vI vrnxXog hY ik 20% dy krIb votr ajy qwk doicwqI ivwc hn jo jUn 28 nMU pfsf pltf skdy hn. srkfr bxfAux leI iksy vI pfrtI nMU 155 sItF dI jrUrq hY. aYsy nqIjy inklx dI sUrq ivwc kYnyzf dI srkfr bVI asiQr smJI jfvygI aqy kYnyzf ivwc aglIaF PYzrl coxF 8-10 mhIinaF ivwc dubfrf af skdIaF hn. iewk AumIdvfr ny mjLfk kridaF ikhf ik asIN qF sfeIn borz sFB ky rwKFgy. sYm huMdl ny brYNptn spirMgzyl qoN cox muihMm afrMBI
sYm huMdl drjn smfijk sMsQfvF dy mYNbr, awDI drjn avfrz pRfpq aqy aYjUkysLn ivwc: aYm[ey, pulItIkl sfieMs XUnIvristI afP (ivMzsr), kfmnvYlQ grYjUeyts tIcr srtIPIkyt, XUnIvristI afP lYNkYstr (ieMglYNz), bI[ey tIicMg, pMjfb XUnIvristI, (cMzIgVH) aqy bI[ey[ pMjfb XUnIvristI, cMzIgVH hn. sYm huMdl df zf[ rUbI Zwlf nfl jLbrdsq mukfblf hY. sR[ huMdl ny ikhf ik pfrtI dI cVHq Ausdy hwk ivwc Bugq rhI hY. hfltn dy iswK gYrI kfr dy hwk ‘c nvIaF kimAUntIaF afAux nfl hfltn ‘c krfeIm viDaf hY [[[sI[ pI[ AumIdvfr
pRiswD gIqkfr gurdyv isMG mfn nhIN rhy
1980 ivwc afp kYnyzf af gey. eyQy af ky afpxI mF bolI dI syvf jfrI rwiKaf. pMjfbI sfihq Kyqr ivwc afp dI invyklI sKsIaq rhI hY. afp ny pMjfbI sfihqk Kyqr ivwc bVf vwzf Xogdfn pfieaf ijs df sdkf afp nUM hr QF Auwc snmfn nfl snmfnq kIqf igaf. sMn 2000 ivwc pMjfb srkfr dy BfsLf ivBfg ny afp nUM "pRvfsI pMjfbI sRLomxI sfihqk vjoN snmfnq kIqf. afp KusL qbIaq ijLMdf idl iensfn sn,awj ieh mhfn iensfn , mhfn sfihqk, mhfn gIqkfr, sdf hwsx qy hsfAux vflf, afpxy pRvfr qy afpxy cfhAux vfilaF nUM sdf leI alivdf kih igaf. pMjfbI sfihqk PuwlvfVI ivwcoN iewk Puwl sdf leI murJf igaf. 84 dy sLhIdF nUM swcI qy suwcI sLrDFjlI qF iswK kOm dy afpxy Gr Kfilsqfn bxn nfl hI hovygI
iswKF nUM drbfr sfihb ivwc awqvfd dy awzy bxf ky bYTy dws ky dunIaF Br ivwc bdnfm krdy afpxy kIqy hmly dI nIqI nUM jfiejL TihrfAuxf cfhuMdy sn. jy ieh srkfr dI nIq aqy nIqI nUM sfP vI mMn ilaf jfvy qF iswK rYPrYs lfiebryrI ikAu sfVI geI, rYz krfs dy aiDkfrIaF nUM jKmI hoey iswKF nUM mdd krn qoN vI roikaf igaf, dnIaf df mIzIaf pMjfb qoN bfhr ikAu kwiZaf, inhwQI sMgq nUM ikAu mfiraf igaf. ijhVI POj hjLfrF dI igxqI ivwc tYkF qopF hvfeI jhfjf rfhI sYkVy juJfrUaF nUM PVn dy bhfny hwQ KVHy krky bfhr afAux nUM afqm smrpx krn nUM kih rhy sn. pr Cy jUn qwk sMq jrnYl isMG iBMzrFvflf aqy AunHF dy sfQI jnrl subyg isMG BfeI amrIk isMG iswKI rvfieqf anusfr sRI akfl qKq sfihb dI bfbf dIp isMG vFg rwiKaf krdy aMiqm suafsF qwk jUJ ky sLhId hoey. pr dmdmI tksfl dy kfrjkfrI muwKI sMq bfbf Tfkr isMG jI pqf nhI ikhVI mjLbUrI vws 20 sfl bfad vI sMqF nUM sLhId mMnx leI iqafr nhIN hn. 20 sfl bfad vI smqF dI cVdI klf leI pfT aqy ardfs krvfeI jFdy hn sgoN pfT aqy ardfs qF sMq bfbf Tfkur isMG jI dI cVdI klf leI krny cfhIdy hn qF ik Auh aqy AunHF dy sfQI sMq jrnYl isMG jI dI sLhfdq dI hkIkq nMU pihcfx skx. kOm dy mhfn sLhId dI sLhfdq df mfx siqkfr AusnMU sLhId sivkfr krn nfl hI hY nF ik cVdI klf ivwc kihx nfl hY. ikAuNik smyHN dIaF jLflm srkfrF ijMnhF nMU Auh awqvfdI vwKvfdI kih ky BMzdIaF afeIaF hn Auh nhIN cfhuMdy Aus ivakqI jF sLKsLIaq df mfx siqkfr Aus kOm dy lokF dy mnHF ivwc bxy. ijs nMU iswK kOm ny vIhvIN sdI df mhfn iswK kih ky invfijaf hY. ijhVf kihxI aqy krnI df pwkf hovy, jLmIr dI mOq nMU mOq smJdf hovy Auh akflIaf vFg afqm smrpx krky, bFhF KVIaF krky bfhr nhIN sI af skdf aqy nF hI cor morI rfhIN afpxI ijLMdgI bcfAux ihwq bfhr Bwj skdf sI. sRI akfl qKq sfihb Aupr 1984 dy sLhIdF dI Xfd ivwc hoey smfgm ivwc sMqF dy vwzy spuwqr BfeI eIsLr isMG isrpfE vI sivkfr kr cuwky hn. dmdmI tksfl nMU sMqF nMU sLhId mMnx ivwc koeI idwkq nhIN hoxI cfhIdI. 1984 ivwc sRI akfl qKq sfihb Aupr hmly qoN bfad iswK kOm ny sLfnmwqy ieiqhfs nMU isrijaf ijs ivwc, zyZ lwK qoN vwD isMG isMGxiaF ny afpxIaF jfnF dI kurbfnI dy ky Kfilsqfn diaf nIhF nMU pwikaF kIqf. purfqn ieiqhfs nMU duhrfAuNidaF suwKf isMG mihqfb isMG dy rUp iswK imslF dy rUp ivwc ijMdy, suwKy, byaMq isMG, sqvMq isMG aqy jsvMq isMG KflVf vrgy sUrbIrF dIaF kurbfnIaF sdkf ijs ihMdosqfn nMU nihrU pRIvfr aqy kFgrs qy hI sdf inrBr krnf pYNdf sI. KyqrI pfrtIaF ny jLor PiVaf, dUjy sUibaF ivwc afjLfdI dI lihr df dOr cwilaf. aMqrfrfsLtrI BfeIcfry ivwc iswKF dI vwKrI pihcfx aqy Kfilsqfn df kys dubfrf Kuwl cuwkf hY. loV hY ies nMU ivAuNvMd ZMg nfl awgy qorn dI hY. jUn 1984 dy smUh sLhIdF nUM swcI qy suwcI sLrDFjlI qF iswK kOm dy afpxy Gr Kfilsqfn bxn nfl hI hovygI. ies jUn dy mhIny 1984 dy qIjy vwzy GwlUGfry nUM kOm drdI afpxy mnF ivwc ajy 20 sfl qwk Buwly nhI qy nf hI Buwlxgy. ieh vwKrI gwl hY pMjfb aMdr ies idn qy vwzy pYmfny qy sLhIdF dI Xfd ivwc smfgm nhIN krvfey. aYNqkI sRI akfl qKq sfihb qy sfbkf muwK mMqrI aqy ivroDI iDr dy nyqf s: pRkfsL isMG bfdl, hor vI keI jQybMdIaF aqy numfieMdy sLhIdF nUM sLrDFjlI dyx leI phuMcy. aMqm ardfs qoN bfad ijwQy PYzrysLn dy isMGF dy Kfilsqfn dy nfary lfey ijhVy ik BfrqI jnqf pfrtI dy rMg ivwc rMgy hoey pRkfsL isMG bfdl nUM rfs nhI afey Aultf ibafn idwqf ik Kfilsqfn dy nfary lfAux vfly dysL dy gdfr hn, ies qy sRLomxI akflI dl ieMtrnYsLnl dy pRDfn aiqMdrpfl isMG sKq noits ilaf. pRkfsL isMG bfdl nUM muafPI mMgx dI mMg kIqI. sRLomxI Kflsf dl qy PYzrysLn vI bfdl dy ies rwveIey pRqI ieqrfj jfhr kIqf. pMjfb qoN bfhr bYTy iswKF ny jUn 1984 dy 20vrHy gMZ qy sLhId iswKF dI Xfd ivwc ivsLysL smfgm kIqy. ijnHF ivwc 5 jUn nUM AuntfrIE iswK aYNz gurduafrf kOsl qy hYimltn gurUduafrf sfihb dIaF smUh sMgqF ngr kIrqn dy rUp ivwc sLhIdF nUM Xfd kIqf. hYimltn gurUduafrf sfihb sLhIdF dI Xfd ivwc ardfs kIqI geI. sLhIdgVH gu: sfihb qoN hYimltn istI hfl qwk sMgqF df TfTF mfrdy iekwT ny sLhIdF dI Xfd ivwc mfrc kIqI geI rfh ivwc vwK vwK PlotF rfhI iswKF qy hoey aiqafcfr dI qsvIrF rfhI pRdrsLn vfly Plot XUnfeItz iswK PYzrysLn aqy ieMtrnYsLnl Kflsf PfAUzysLn vloN lgfey. sRoLmxI akflI dl ieMtrnYsLnl vwloN sLhIdF dI Xfd ivwc btn vI jybF Auwqy lfAux leI vMzy gey, istI hfl ivwc sLhIdF nUM srDFjlI arpx kIqI geI. ijwQy vwK vwK Dfrimk rfjnIiqk bulfiraF ny afpxy ivcfr pysL kIqy. 5 jUn sLfm nUM W.S.O. vwloN mhfrfjLf bYkuieMt hfl ivKy jUn 84 dy sLhIdF dI Xfd ivwc smfgm kIqy gey. ijs ivwc ivsLysL qOr qy rfm nrfiex kumfr irAUzs tU aYsLsL ikqfb dy sMpfdk ny iswKF qy hoey jLulm dI dfsqfn afpxI jLubfnI dwsI qy Aus nUM qy gurbfjL isMG mulqfnI, ijnHF df ikrpfn df kys cldf hY, aqy kysr isMG pUniaf nMU snmfinq vI kIqf igaf. 6 jUn nUM aYqvfr izksI rox gurduafrf sfihb ivKy vI W.S.O. vwloN shIdF dI Xfd ivwc smfgm kIqy gey. rYkszyl gurduafrf sfihb ivKy 1984 dy sLhIdF dI Xfd ivwc gu: sfihb dI kmytI, iswK ilbrysLn afrgynfeIjysLn, XUnfeIitz iswK PYzrysLn, iswK XUQ afP rYkszyl aqy AuntfrIE gurduafrf kmytI vwloN vI 1984 dy sLhIdF nUM siqkfr sfihq Xfd kIqf igaf. sLhIdF aqy iswKF Aupr hoey awiqafcfr dIaF qsvIrF dI pRdrsLnI lfeI geI. 13 jUn aYqvfr nUM vI ieMtrnYsLnl Kflsf PfAUzysLn vwloN vwzy pwDr qy sLhIdF dI Xfd ivwc smfgm kIqy gey. ijs ivwc hjLfrF dI qdfd ivwc sMgqF ny sLmUlIaq krky sLhIdF nUM sLrDFjlIaF arpn kIqIaF. svyry kIrqn qoN bfad bfhroN afey ivsLysL bulfry pRo: mnjIq isMG ny srkfr dIaF mfrU nIqIaF df ijLkr sMgqF nfl sFJf kIqf. iswK ieMstIicAUt dy s: hirMdr isMG ny pMjfbI aqy ieMgilsL ivwc Qwqf qy qsvIrF rfhI iswKF qy hoey jLulm dI dfsqfn sMgqF nfl sFJI kIqI. idwlI ivwc nvMbr 1984 dy iswKF dy kqlyafm dy kysf dI adflq ‘c pYrvI krn vfly pRiswD vkIl sL hrivMdr isMG PlUkf ny vI sMgqF nfl ivcfr sFJy kIqy. bfad ivwc zfkUmYNtrI iPlm vIidKfeI geI. sMgqF ny cfr GMty smfgm bVy ghu nfl suixaf aqy dyiKaf. sfry nOrQ amrIkf ivwc pMQk pRymIaF ny 1984 dy sLhIdF nUM gurUduafrf sfihb ivwc Xfd kIqf aqy krnf vI cfhIdf sI qF ik ikqy asI afp vI 20vI sdI dy vwzy GwlUGfry nUM Buwl hI nf jeIey. ijwQy asI afpxy sLhIdF nUM afp Xfd krnf hY, AuwQy ienhF sLhIdF qy jLulm krn vfilaF dUjy lokF dI kichrI ivwc vI iehnF df prdfPfrsL krnf cfhIdf hY. ies mksd nUM lY ky lMzn dy hfeIz pfrk ‘c 20,000 hjLfr iswKF ny ros mujLfhrf kIqf. inAUXfrk, XU[aYn[E dy dPqr dy sfhmxy iewk hPqf 50-50 iswK ros vjoN vjoN bYT ky sMsfr dy lokF nUM afpxy qy hoey jLulmF dI khfxI dsdy rhy, inAUXfrk kFslyt dPqr, isLkFgo, sYnPrFissko dy BfrqI kOslyt dy dPqr awgy ros mujLhfry kIqy gey. kYnyzf ijwQy amrIkf qoN vwD iswK vwsdy hn. 50-50 hjLfr dI igxqI ngr kIrqn ivwc huMdI hY qy kmytIaF aqy pRbMDkF dI vI dOV ngr kIrqn dI rOxk vDfAux ivwc aqy PotUaF iKcvfAux ivwc lwgI huMdI hY. asI mugl dy kIqy hoey jLulm aMgryjF qy kIqy hoey jLulm nUM qF Xfd krdy hF. pr hux dy jLulm krn vfilaF pRqI KfmosL ikAu hF ijnHF lokF nUM mnmohx isMG dy pRDfn mMqrI bxn dI bhuq KusLI hoeI. igafnI jYl isMG nvMbr 1984 ivwc rfsLtrpqI sI jo kuJ vI nf kr sikaf. pRDfn mMqrI zf[ mnmohx isMG gurduafrf bMglf sfihb mwQf tykx gey ibafn idwqf ik asI ardfs krIey jo nvMbr 1984 ivwc vfpiraf qy jo gujrfq ivwc vfpiraf muV nf vfpry. pr jUn 1984 dy hmly bfry iblkul cup rhy. ies krky vI sfnUM jUn 1984 dy qIjy vwzy GwlUGfry afpxy afp nUM aqy sMsfr dy sfry lokF nUM vwzy pwDr qy dwsx dI loV hY. ivAUNqbMd ZMg nfl Kfilsqfn dI pRpfqI leI KfilsqfnIaF nUM afpsI qflmyl vDf ky kOm leI kMm krn dI loV hY ijhVy kr rhy hn AuhnF df DMnvfd. dUijaF nUM afjLfdI psMd sfrIaF iDrF nUM nfl lY ky qurn dI loV hY. jUn 1984 dy sLhIdF nUM swcI sLrDFjlI qF iswK kOm df afpxf Gr Kfilsqfn hI hY qF jUn 1984 qy nvMbr 1984 aqy Aus qoN bfad iswK sMGrsL dOrfn JUTy puils mukfbly bxf ky 25000, lvfrs lfsLF vrgy hfdsy muV nf vfprn. "pRxfm sLhIdF nMU" jFbfjL, qwqigafnI, sLhId sMq jrnYl isMG iBMzrFvfilaF dI soc nMU AuBfrn dI loV hY
" pMQ jy rhf qyrf gRMQ BI rihgo nfQ pMQ n rhf qo gRMQ ko kOx mfnygo .. igafnI ikRpfl isMG afpxI pusqk afprysLn bilAU stfr, ieiqhfs dy KUnI pwqry" ivwc ilKdy hn ik iswK pMQ dy sB qoN pivwqr Dfrimk asQfn sRI hirmMdr sfihb ivwc kIqI geI POjI kfrvfeI afprysLn bilAU stfr iewk aijhI Gtnf hY ijs ny iswK mfniskqf qy gihrf asr pfieaf hY. hr sfl jdoN ieh idn afAuNdf hY qF iswK ihridaF qy lwgy jKm qfjLf ho jFdy hn. 19 sfl bIq jfx qoN bfad iswK sMgq aqy afgU vrg ivwc ies gwl df aihsfs, ik 19 sfl bIq gey hn pr iswKF nMU ikqoN iensfP nhIN imilaf, hox dI bjfey lwgdf hY ik iswKF ny bnfAutI srdfrI shfry jIx dI jFc iswK leI. nrfiex isMG ilKdy hn ik: kdy kFgrsI kdy kflI nIN, cV afAuNdy bx abdflI nIN ajoky hflfqF nMU ivcfridaF ieh gwl mMnxI pvygI ik sfnMU sfizaF ny hI gMzfsy df dsqf bx ky vwZx ivwc BUimkf inBfeI hY. dUsry pfsy sLhId sMq jrnYl isMG iBMzrFvfilaF dI agvfhI hyT isMGF ny jo kfrnfmy kIqy hn Auh iswK ieiqhfs dy sunihrI pMinaF Aupr aMikq hoxgy. sMq jrnYl isMG horF dI sKsLIaq, ijMnF bfry aksr keI byasUly qy ivkfAU pwqrkfr AUl-jlUl ilwK jFdy hn, bfry pwqrkfr dlbIr isMG afpxI ikqfb ivwc ilKdy hn ik Auh "BivwK nMU anuBv kr skxf lIzr df buinafdI gux hoieaf krdf hY qy sMq iBMzrFvfly aijhy anuBvI lIzr sn, ieiqhfs gvfh hY. lIzr ieiqhfs isrjdy hn qy sMqF ny ieiqhfs isrijaf hY . AunHF df isrijaf ieiqhfs ajy vI anyk prqF ivwc ivcr irhf hY aqy ivcrdf rhygf. pr Bfrq dy ajoky hfkm, AusnMU lMmy smyN qfeIN lokF dy jIvn df Bfg bxnoN rokx dy Auprfly krdy rihxgy. AunHF dy ieh Xqn asPl rihxgy. ijhVy lok sMq jrnYl isMG iBMzrFvfilaF nMU vwKvfdI kih ky BMzx dI koisLsL krdy hn AunHF dy mUMh qy Aus vyly cupyV vwjdI hY jdoN Auh sLhId sMq jrnYl isMG iBMzrFvfilaF dI pMjfbI prcy "kOmI rfjnIqI" ivwc CpI iewk ieMtrivAU pVdy hn ijs ivwc sMq jI ny spwsLt kIqf sI ik anMdpur dy mqy ivwc sUibaF nMU vwD aiDkfrF dI mMg drj hY asIN Kfilsqfn dI mMg nhIN krdy. pr nfl hI sMq jrnYl isMG iBMzrFvfilaF df ieh kQn hr iswK dy ihrdy Auqy Aukiraf hoieaf hY ik ijs rfhIN AunHF ny iswKF nMU pihlF hI sfvDfn kr idwqf sI ik jdoN Bfrq dI pulIs jF Bfrq dI POj drbfr sfihb dy hdUd aMdr pYr rwKygI qF Kfilsqfn dI nINh rwKI jfvygI. ies pRQfey isMG sfihb poR[ drsLn isMG jI ny iewk vfr afpxI kQf dOrfn afiKaf sI ik sMq jrnYl isMG iBMzrFvfilaF ny qF pihlF hI idwlI dy hfkmF nMU sfvDfn kr idwqf sI ik Auh aijhf nF krn pr idwlI dI hkUmq ny AunHF dI pRvfh nF kridaF POjI kfrvfeI kIqI hY qF suafl ieh pYdf huMdf hY ik kI iswK Bfrq nfloN vwK hoxf cfhuMdy hn jF idwlI dI hkUmq iswKF nMU Bfrq nfloN vwK hox qy rfh qy afp qornf cfhuMdI hY ? vIhvIN sdI dy mhfn iswK df iKqfb hfsl, sMq jrnYl isMG iBMzrFvfilaF dI sKsLIaq bfry gYr iswKF ny bVI pfeydfr ivcfr idwqy hn ijMnF ivwc mMjU kurYsLI aqy ey[afr[arsLI dy nfm vrnxXog hn. jFbfjL rfKf ikqfb dy sLurU ivwc arsLI jI ilKdy hn ik "sMq jrnYl isMG Kflsf pMQ aMdr isDFqk rfjsI-Dfrimk nvcyqnqf dy moZI hn. AunHF ny iswK rfjnIqI nMU afpxI invyklI pRiqBf anusfr idsLf dyx df kiTn imsLn apxfieaf hoieaf sI qF jo ik iswK ivakiqqv aqy iswK hoNd surwiKaq rih sky. iswK kOm df ieh duKFq irhf hY ik ieh qwqigXfnI mhfn-afqmf sMq jrnYl isMG iBMzrFvfilaF dI gihrI soc nMU nf qF Ausdy jIvnkfl dOrfn smJ skI hY ‘qy nf hI awj AunHF dy khy bcnF nMU kmfAux pRqI suihrd hY. qyrI sLhfdq qoN bfad aY jrnYl isMGf, hr iksy ny afpxf eI pMQ clfieaf hoieaY qUM inr-suafrQ sI pr asIN suafrQI hF, qfhIN qyrI sLhfdq df ryVkf pfieaf hoieaY [[[suKimMdr isMG hMsrf iswK kOm idwlI dy hfkmF vloN ijQy gulfmI dy sMglF ivwc jkVy hoeI hY AuQy ienHF dI soc icmitaF vfly icwt kwpVIey sfDF ny GisafrI bxf idwqI hY qF ik iswK kOm twlIaf KVkfAux ivwc msLrUP rhy qy iesnMU afpxI gulfmI df aihsfs nf hovy. nfnk qyry vqn ivwc TwgF dI Brmfr , QF QF bfby jMm pey hoey lok Kuafr hr mulk, hr sLihr aqy hr ksby ivwc iswK kursI leI afps ivwc AulHJy pey hn. afE sLhId bfbf jrnYl isMG iBMzrFvfilaF ‘qy smUh sLhIdF dI Xfd mnfAuNidaF, ikqy AunHF dy nksLy kdmF qy cwlx df Xqn vI krIey. | ||||||||||||
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kfvYNtrI-
sMq jrnYl isMG jI Kflsf iBMzrFvfly iswK koMm dy mhfn sLhId hn AuhnF dI
sLhfdq bfry koeI ivvfd KVf krnf awq icMqfjnk aqy inMdxXog hY. Aukq ivcfr
sLRomxI akflI dl aMimRqsr XU[ky dy pRDfn mfstr avqfr isMG aqy jnrl skwqr
sR[lvisLMdr isMG zwlyvfl vloN jfrI pRYws not ivwc pRgtfAuNidaF gurU nfnk
gurdvfrf smYidk ivwKy vfprI Gtnf dI sKq inKyDI kIqI geI ijs ivwc swc bolx
vfly iewk guriswK dI byiewjqI kIqI geI hY . pfrtI afgUaF vloN sLpsLt kIqf
igaf ik asIN sMqF nUM swq jUn AuwnI sO cOrfsI qoN hI sLhId mMndy hF pr
ijhVy sMqF dI sLhfdq bfry ivvfd pYdf kr rhy hn ieh AuhnF dI afpxI Bfvnf hY
AuhnF nUM sLhId mMnvfAuxf sfzf insLfnf nhIN ikAuN ik iehI qF srkfr cfhuMdI
hY ik ijs mhfn sKsLIaq nUM Aus ny sLhId kr idwqf hY Aus dI kurbfnI nUM
srvpRvfnq hox dI bjfey JgVflU bxfieaf jfvy. pr ijhVy sMqf dI sLhIdI dy swc
nUM mMnx qoN ienkfrI hn AuhnF nUM
brYNptn:(sFJ
svyrf) imsIsfgf brYNptn sfAUQ hlky ivwc do iswK nOjuafn kYnyzf dIaf nYsLnl
pfrtIaF dy plytPfrm qoN coxF lV rhy hn. kYnyzf dy jMmplH nvdIp isMG bYNs
ny ilbrl pfrtI dI AumIdvfrI ijwq ky afpxf rfjnIqk jIvn sLurU kIqf hY.
nvdIp isMG bYNs kYnyzf dI AuWc ividaf hfisl kr cuwky, imlxsfr guriswK vjoN
siqkfry jFdy hn. bYNs kYNp vloN bulfeIaF pbilk mIitMgF ivwc vyKx nMU
imilaf hY ik BfeIcfry dy anykF siqkfry ichry nvdIp dI mdd leI puwjy huMdy
hn. nvdIp isMG bYNs dI sKsLIaq qoN pRBfivq hoey iewk bjLurg ny ikhf ik
iewk vfrI imlx qoN bfad mYN hr rojL iesdI cox muihMm ivwc afpxf Xogdfn
pfAux afAuNdf hF.
kMsrvyitv
pfrtI dy AumIdvfr sRI pRivMdr sMDU 16 sfl dI Aumr ivwc kYnyzf afey aqy
brYNptn dy trnr PYntn qoN hfeI skUl krky XUnIvristI afP trFto mkYnIkl
ieMjnIairMg leI 1990 ivwc dfKl hoey. jo AunHF mukMml nhIN kIqI. 1993 qoN
AunHF afpxf vpfr sMBfl ilaf. ieQy ieh vrnxXog hY ik brYNptn gfrzIan ivwc 9
jUn idn buwDvfr nMU Cpy iewk afrtIkl anusfr pRivMdr sMDU kol ieMjnIairMg
izgrI hY. 
aOtvf:(sFJ
svyrf) bIqy mMglvfr cox pRcfr ivwc iksy kUhxI moV dI AuzIk kr rhy ilbrl
mYNbrF nMU Aus vyly inrfsLf df sfhmxf krnf ipaf jdoN ilbrl afgU pfl mfritn
nMU spFsrisLp skYNzl sdkf iqMn lIzrF dy guwsy df sfhmxf krnf ipaf. stIPn
hfrpr, jYk lyitn aqy ijwl zUisLwp vloN pfl mfritn nMU iewk pMicMg bYg bxf
ky Aus Aupr vfr kIqy gey ijs dy BfvyN mfritn ny bVI dlyrI dy nfl juafb
idwqy pr Auh hfrpr Aupr koeI ZuwkvF vfr krn ivwc asmrwQ rhy ijs sdkf ies
bihs dOrfn iepso rIz anusfr hfrpr jyqU irhf. zIbyt bfry Cpy poljL ivwc
hfrpr 37%, mfritn 24% aqy jYk lyitn nMU 18% rhy hn. iepso rIz dy pRDfn
zYirl ibRkr ny ikhf ik pfl mfritn ies bihs rfhIN ilbrl pfrtI dI cox muihMm
nMU koeI hulfrf nhIN dy sky.
brYNptn:(sFJ
svyrf) bVI invyklI aqy awzrI sKsLIaq sR[ sulwKx isMG huMdl ny brYNptn
spirMgzyl qoN bVIaF musLklF nfl nfmInysLn hfsl krky afpxI cox muihMm pUry
josLo KrosL nfl ilbrl AumIdvfr zf[rUbI Zwlf qoN iqMn hPqy lyt bIqy
sLukrvfr nMU sLurU kr idwqI hY. dPqr dI EpinMg smyN Kwcf Kwc Bry, bhuq
vwzy afkfr dy dPqr ivwc bolidaF sYm huMdl ny ikhf ik ies hlky dy lok awvl
numfieMdgI dy hwkdfr hn. AunHF ikhf ik myrf rfjnIqI ivwc lMmf qjLrbf hY
aqy mYN sfrI kimAUntI nMU nfl lY ky cwlFgf. AunHF ikhf ik BfeIcfrf jfxdf
hY ik mYN kOm dy muwidaF Aupr cuwp nhIN bYTFgf.
hfltn:(sFJ
svyrf) brYNptn, imsIsfgf aqy rYkszyl dy ielfikaF qoN bfad hfltn ivwc vI
iswK kimAUntI dI vot dI qfkq afpxy jOhr ivKfAux lwgI hY. ies hlky qoN
ilbrl dy AumIdvfr gYrI kfr nfl bVI nyVqf rwKx vflI hfltn dI iswK kimAUntI
ijs ivwc Ekivwl, brilMgtn aqy imltn dy ielfky afAuNdy hn vloN kMsrvyitv
pfrtI AumIdvfr zIn mfritn dy Aus ibafn df sKq noits ilaf igaf ijs ivWc
Ausny ikhf ik ies hlky ivwc nvIaF kimAUntIaF dy afAux nfl surwiKaf nMU
Kqrf pYdf ho igaf hY. zIn mfritn dI vYbsfeIt Aupr peI 28 meI dI pRYWs
rIlIjL tfeItl "imltn cYNpIan" ivwc Aus ny ieh kihx dI kooissL kIqI hY ik
ies hlky ivwc nvIaF kimAUntIaF afAux qoN bfad ieQy krfeIm aqy sikAUrtI df
mslf pYdf ho igaf hY. hfltn iswK aYso[ dy muwK syvfdfr sR[ srvx isMG
rMDfvf ny ikhf ik iswK kimAUntI kfnMUn ivvsQf ivwc XkIn rwKx vflI kimAUntI
hY. zIn mfritn vloN nvIN kimAUntIaF nMU jLrfiem pysLf vrgy iKqfb dyx qoN
guryjL krnf cfhIdf hY. AunHF ikhf ik zIn mfritn jo nvINaF kimAUntIaF nMU
cox pRcfr dOrfn kirmInl kih irhf hY ijwq ky ikho ijhf vrqfE krygf, aMdfjLf
lfAuxf musLkl nhIN hY. AunHF hlky dIaF sB kimAUntIaF nMU apIl kIqI ik Auh
28 jUn nMU aijhy ibafn dyx vfly AumIdvfrF df sKq noits lYx aqy hrf ky
afpxI hoNd df aihsfs krvfAux .
aYbsPorz
(bI[sI[) (sFJ svyrf) puKqf gLjlkfr,sPl mhFkfiv rcyqf aqy styjI kivqf dy
sLfh svfr gurdyv isMG mfn awj sfzy ivwc nhI rhy. Auh 14 jUn 2004 nUM
aYbsPorz ivKy sdf leI gurU dy crnF ivwc jf ibrfjy hn. Auh 86 virHaf dy sn.
AuhnF df jnm 4 dsMbr 1918 nUM lfielpur(pfiksqfn) cwk nM: 97 ivwc hoieaf.
iehnF dy ipqf df nfm krqfr isMG aqy mfqf df nfm bsMq kOr sI. afp ny swqvI
jmfq pVHdy hoey afpxI pihlI kivqf ilKI aqy dsvI jmfq qwk phuMcx qwk afpdy
gIqF aqy kivqfvF dI crcf hr pfsy hox lwgI. dysL dI vMz qoN bfad afpny mlyr
kotly irhfiesL kIqI. 1952 ivwc pMj sflf Xojnf bfry kimAUntI pRjYkt ivwc
nOkrI kIqI. 1958 ivwc gIq aqy zrfmf aPsr vjoN inXukqI hoeI. nOkrI dy nfl
nfl afp sfihqk Kyqr ivwc vI nvIaF gwlF mfrdy rhy. hux qwk afp dIaF keI
ikqfbF mfrkIt ivwc af cuwkIaF sn. afp ny 250 dy krIb gIq ilKy jo
aYc[aYm[vI[ kMpnI duafrf vwK vwK gfiek qy gfiekf ny gfey. suirMdr kOr
pRkfsL kOr, msqfnf, hrcrn gryvfl, jgmohk kOr, nirMdr bIbf, krmjIq DUrI
afid dy nfm vrxnXog hn. 1974 ivwc Bfrq srkfr ny irpbilk zy dy mOky qy mfn
sfihb nUM srvoqm kvI vjoN purskfr pRdfn kIqy. iehnF dI njLm df Bfrq dIaF
15 BfsLfvf ivwc anuvfd krky pRsfirq kIqI geI. 60 sflF dI Gor qwpisaf krky
afpny pMjfb sfihq dI JolI ivwc qkrIbn 25 ikqfbF df Xogdfn pfieaf. AuhnF
dIaF pRiswD ikqfbF hn-mfn srovr, pIGF, Puwl kwZdf PulkfrI, qyg
bhfdrboilaf(mhfkfiv) ciVaf sopx Drq lukfeI, hIr rfJf, sUl srfhI, AusfrU
kvI, svY jIvnI(pMjfbI XUnIvristI pitaflf vwloN CfpI geI) kuMzf Kol
bsMqrIey(hfs rs ivaMg) afid vrxnXog hn. 
4
jUn 1984 df akfl qKq sfihb qy ihMdosqfn dI jflm srkfr dy hukm mMndy vihsLI
POjF ny 18 mhIny dI GVI hoeI pihlF igxI imQI sfijsL dy aDIn hmlf krky
inhwQ hjLfrF iswKf nUM mOq dy Gft Auqfr idwqf. iswK sMgq iesy idn gurU
arjn dyv jI df sLhIdI idn mnfAux vfsqy vI iekwqr hoeIaF sn. ieh idn ies
krky vI cuixaf igaf qF ik vwD qoN vwD iswKF df jfnI nuksfn krky jlIl kIqf
jfey gYrq aqy axK Kqm kIqI jfey. jykr sMq jrnYl isMG aqy AunHf dy sfQIaF
nUM hI PVnf sI qF hor 37 qoN vwD ieiqhfsk gurduafrf sfihb qy hmlf ikAu
kIqf igaf. sfry pMjfb nUM jUn dy pihly hPqy hI sMsfr nfloN kwt kr idwqf
igaf. cfry pfsy kriPAu lgf ky iswKf df sLryafm kqlyafm kIqf igaf. agr
AudoN sI[aYn[aYn vrgy sYtylfiet cYnl cldy huMdy qF sMsfr Br dy lok ihtlr
vFg kIqf jLulm lfeIv afpxy tI[vI[ qy vyKdy. cfienI POjIaF vwloMN
ividafrQIaF qy kIqy hmly df idRsL nfl nfl hI sI[aYn[aYn tI[vI qy brozkfst
kIqf igaf, brln dI kMD aqy keI hor hfdisaf df vI 1989 qoN bfad tI[vI[
cYnlF qy Aus smy brokfst kIqf igaf. pr ihMdosqfn dI srkfr Gwt igxqI iswKf
qy jLulm krky vwD igxqI dIaF votF lYx dI dOV ivwc sI. aMqrrfsLtrI BfeIcfry
nUM dunIaF df sB qoN vwzf lokqMqr dysL hox df ZONg idKAuxf hI idKfAuxf
cfhuMdy sn. 
awj
qoN 19 sfl pihlF, 6 jUn 1984 df idn hr iswK leI ikafmq df sMdysL lY ky
afieaf sI BfvyN ik ipCly 19 sflF dIaF gqIaF ivDIaF hux sfnMU ieh sMkyq dy
rhIaF hn ik drbfr sfihb Aupr hoey hmly ivwc kuwJ iswKF dy rUp ivwc CupIaF
kflHIaF ByzF vI sLfml sn. ienHF ByzF pRQfey BfeI nrYx isG afpxI pusqk
ikAuN kIqo vysfhu dy pMnf nMbr 194 qy ilKdy hn ik "lwK lwK iDkfr hY
aYsI kursI nMU , ijs ny sfrI kOm vyc vwt ky KfDI hY. ieh kursI vI nhIN
rihxI. hosL kro lIzro, jQydfro qy srdfro, ikAuN kOm dI rq nfl nhfAuNdy ho
? kOm hY qF quhfzI iewjLq hY, kOm hY qF gurU df nfm vI ijLMdf hY. kuwp
rhIVy dy GwlUGfry ipCoN QoVy bcy iswKF ny ieAuN ardfs kIqI sI.