awj dy ies sYmInfr ivc pMjfb dy smUh ijilaF qoN cOxvy 600 zYlIgyts nyN BrpUr dbfvf aqy ivroDf dy bfvjUd sLmUlIaq kIqI . KcfKc Bry bfbf mwKx sLfh lubfnf afiztorIam ivc hoey ajfd Bfrq ivc KLflsqfn dy nfm qy hoey pihly sYmInfr "KLflsqfn : BUq, vrqmfn aqy BivwK" vfsqy KLflsf pMQ snmuK ivcfrn ihq do svfl idwqy gey sn : 1- sLRomxI gurduafrf prbMDk kmytI dI aqy sLRomxI akflI dl dI kfeImI qoN lY ky vrqmfn qk gur pMQ KLflsy nUM kuJ vI hfsl ikAuN nfh hoieaf ? 2- gurpMQ KLflsy df BivK kI hovygf .

s[ aiqMdr pfl isMG nyN sYmInfr arMB hox qoN pihlF BUimkf ivc dwisaf ik sLRomxI gurduafrf prbMDk kmytI vloN 27 PrvrI 1943 ivc igafnI sLmsLyr isMG jI vloN mqf pysL kIqf igaf aqy ijs nUM jnrl iekqrqf nyN pfs kIqf ik "sLRomxI gurduafrf prbMDk kmytI df ieh jnrl smfgm iswK Drm sbMDI af rhy KLqiraF nUM muwK rWK ky ieh aYlfn krdf hY ik isWK Drm dI riKaF leI ieh jrUrI hY jo iek ajyhf sUbf bxfAux df Xqn kIqf jfvy ijs ivwc iswK vsoN af sky" . 9 mfrc 1946 nUM dubfr sLRomxI gurduafrf prbMDk kmytI dy qyjf isMG smuMdrI hfl ivc s[ mohn isMG dI prDfngI hyT hoey smfgm ivc s[ bsMq isMG kuwkV ipMz vloN iswK styt dy pysL kIqy ies mqy qy ik " A[ sLRomxI gurduafrf prbMDk kmytI aYlfn krdI hY ik iswK afpxy afp ivc iek vwKrI kOm hn aqy (a) ies iejlfs dI rfey hY ik isKF dy muK Drm sQfnF, siBafcfr, iswK rvfjF dI kfiemI, iswK svY mfn aqy ajfdI dI rfKI qy BivK ivc iswKF dI qrwkI leI iswK styt jrUrI hY". pr aPsos ik sLRomxI gurduafrf prbMDk kmytI aqy sLRomxI akflI dl afpxy ienHF "gurmiqaF" qy pUrf nhIN Auqiraf aqy iknHF pMQ mfrU qfkqF df hwQTokf bx pMQ-KLflsy nUM dgf dy igaf; ieh Aus nUM KLflsf pMQ nUM kfrn dwsny hI cfhIdy hn aqy Aus nyN pMQ nfl ieh DROh ikAuN kIqf ? ijs krky pMQ awj gulfm hY . ies sYmInfr hfl dy bfhr prbMDkF vloN lfeI geI prdrsLnI ivc ienHF miqaF dIaF kfpIaF prdrsLq kIqIaF geIaF qF jo sMgqf asl swc dy rUb-rU ho skn . pMjfbI sUby dI mMg qoN bfd iPr ienHF sMsQfvF nyN pMQ nfl dgf kIqf aqy afpxy "homlYNz" dy nfHry aqy ibaFnf qoN mukr ky pMQ dy pwly nmosLI pfeI . iswKF df jfnI qy mflI nuksfn krvfieaF .

aklI dl vloN sLRomxI gurduafrf prbMDk kmytI dI hmfieq nfl 1973 ivc afnMdpur pur sfihb df mqf apxf ilaf igaf aqy iesy mqy nUM hI pMQk rfjnIqk insLfnF imwQ idwqf igaf . ijs sbMDI vwD aiDkfrF dI bQyrI ivafiKaF kIqI geI . ieh vI iek ipCFh iKwcU kdm hI sfbq hoiea ikAuNkI Bfrq dI sMivDfn inrmfqRI sBf ivc jd ik ies qoN ikqy vWD aiDkfrF dI gwl BfrqI gxrfj ivcly rfjF nUM dyx ihq rfjF dy afpxy iek awz sMivDfn dI gwl mMnI geI sI aqyoies sbMDI iek nmUny df rfjF leI Bfrq aMdr hI awz qoN sMivDFn vI bxfieaF igaf sI; jo ik BfrqI sMivDfn inrmfqRI sBf dIaF izbyts ivc drj hY . sLRomxI akflI dl, sLRomxI gurduafrf prbMDk kmytI aqy ienHF dy rfjsI slfhkfrF aqy smkflI buwDIjIvIaF nyN iesy anurUp hI afpxI gwl ikAuN nfh qorI ? sgoN ies qoN ikqy Gwt afpxf insLfnF imwQ ky smuwcy pMQ nUM GOr musIbqF ivc hI nhIN pfieaf sgoN lokF sfhmny afpxy stYNz nUM spsLt vI nfh kr ky hfsohIxF bxF idwqf . s[ aiqMdr pfl isMG nyN ikhf ik asI ies sfry sMivDfnk sbUq awj lokF sfhmny rwKy hn aqy koeI vI bfhr lfey sYmInfr dI prdrsLnI ivcoN BfrqI sMivDfn ivc rfjF leI bxfey gey vwKry sMivDfn nUM sMivDfn inrmfqRI sBf dy hI asl zfkumYNts dI Poto kfpI vyK skdf hY. awj df ieh sYmInfr smUh iswK lIzrisLp qoN ieh spsLtIkrn mMgdf hY ik Auh ies qoN ikAuN Bwjdy rhy hn ieh KLlfsf pMQ nUM dwsn ?

ieqnF hI nhIN Drm XuD morcy qoN bfad vI ies sMGrsL nfl DRoh kmfAuNdy hoey smkflI lIzr afpxIaF srkfrF bxf ky vI nfh rfjIv loNgobfl smJoqf lfgU krf sky aqy nfh hI aFpxIaF do vfr srkfr bnfAux dOrfn aqy iqn coQfeI qoN vI vwD pMjfb ivDn sBf ivc bhUmq hfsl krn dy bfvjUd anMdpur sfihb dy mqy nUM ivDfn sBf ivc pfs krvf sky ; ikAuN ? ieh Auh sMsQfvF dy lIzr hn ijnHF iek lwK mrjIvVf sRI akfl qKLq snmuK ies mqy dI prfpqI ihq sLhId krfAux ihq ardfsy soD ky BrqI kIqf sI . ieh smkflI akflI afpxIaF ardfsF aqy gur pMQ KLflsy nfl kIqy iekrfrf qyN pUry ikAuN nfh Auqry ies ivsfhGfq df spsLtIkrn KLflsf pMQ ienHF qoN mMgdf hY .

iPr iek dor pMQk kmytIaF df arMB huMdf hY .ieh sB kmytIaF aqy ienHF dy smkflI lIzr Kud afpxy kIqy aYlfnF qoN sLry afm Bwj gey . sRI akfl qKq sfihb qoN iPr pMQk ihqF ivc aMimRqsr aYlfn nfmf jfrI kIqf igaF . ijs qy sB iDrF nyN dsqKq kIqy . aqy sB dsqKLq krn vflIaF iDrF nyN hI ies nUM BMg kIqf . afiKr pMQ kd qk qy ikdoN qk ieh sB DRoh sihMdF rihgf ? awj ies df PYslf kr lYx dI PYslfkun GVI af geI hY .

24-25 PrvrI 196 nUM sLRomxI akflI dl afpxI 75vI vrHygMz qy pfrtI prDfn s[ prkfsL isMG bfdl aqy sLRomxI gurduafrf prbMDk kmytI dy prDfn s[ gurcrn isMG tohVF dI agvfeI ivc afpxF iswKI aqy pMQk jfmf lfh ky pry ivc vgHf mfrdy hn aqy aYlfn krdy hn ik awj qoN akflI dl pMjfbI pfrtI hovygI aqy ies df insLfnF pMjfbIaq hovygf . Aus vkq smkflI koeI vI iswK lIzr aqy buwDIjIvI inwKr ky ies dy mfrU prBfvF qoN pMQ nUM agfh nhIN krvfAuNdy aqy ienHF lIzrF nUM sLryafm koeI vI ies glqI leI nhIN vMgfrdf . dfs muwK mMqRI s[prkfsL isMG bfdl dI agvfeI aqy prDfngI ivc luiDafnF pMjfbI Bvn ivc pVy aFpxy pypr ivc spsLt qor qy puwCdf hY ik " pMjfbIaq dy alMbrdfr dwsn ik jy iswK ivrsy aqy gur pIiraz nUM pMjfb dy ivrsy ivcoN mnPI kr idwqf jfvy qF pMjfbIaq dy pwly kI hY ? kI ieh lIzr afpxIaF DIaF nUM hIr bnfAux aqy afpxy puqrF nUM imrjf bnfAux leI rfjI hn" . sLRomxI akflI dl dy lIzrF, pYrokfrF, smrQkF aqy buwDIjIvIaF nUm awj ieh jvfb dyxF hI pvygf ik jy pMjfb dy ieiqhfs qy ivcfrDfrF ivcoN iswK ieiqhfs aqy icfr Dfrf nUM mnPI kr deIey qF pMjfb dI ies DrqI kol vrnx Xog prfpqI bfbf sLyK PrId jI hn . jF bwcdy hn iesLk imjfjLI dy ikwsy, ivdysLI hmilaF ivc huMdI ErqF dI bypqI dy vrnx, mugl hkUmqF dI jIa hjUrI, cfplUsI aqy ZUaf kutvfAux dy vrnx aqy jF bwcdy hn brfhmx vloN jfqI aqy Drm dy nfm qy kIqf jf irhf smfjk aqy Dfrmk sLosLx aqy ErqF df ijsmnI sLosLx . kI pMjfbIaq dy alMbrdfr ies qy mfx krdy hn ? kI afpxIaF Elfdf nUM hIr rFJy aqy imrjf sfihbF dy rUp ivc vyKxF psMd krngy ? kI ieh jfqIgq , Dfrmk, smfjk aqy ErqF dy ijsmfnI sLOsLx nUM jfiej mMnxgy ? aqy ivdysLI hukmrfnF dI jIa hjUrI aqy byiewjqI vfly afly duafly vl iPr pMjfb nUM ilafAuxF hI locdy hn ?

iswK smfj dI mOjUdf Dfrmk aqy smfjk aDogqI df kfrn vrqmfn ivc ieho nIqI aqy pRogrfm hI hY . ieho kfrn hY ik awj akflIaF dy GrF aMdro hI imrjF sfihbF qF inkldy pey hn pr iswKI nhIN iml rhI . kI asI afp bqor iswK afpxIaF sOVIaF isaFsI phUMcF qy lflsfvF nUM iqafg ky ies qy Twl pfAux ihq iqafr hF . ieh sB qoN vwzf pRsLn hY awj iswK smfj awgy aqy ies dy koeI vkqI hwl lwBn dI bjfey sfnUM isr joV ky sdIvI hwl vwl qurnF cfhIdf hY . aqy jd qk sdIvI hwl nfh iml jfey EdoN qk KLflsf pMQ nUM afpxIaF sfrIaF afpsI kuVqnF Buwl jfxIaF cfhIdIaF hn aqy inwky moty qy vwzy msly vI EdoN qk pYNizg Cwz dyxyN cfhIdy hn . jd asI KLflsf pMQ dy sdIvI hwl KflsfeI rfj swqf qk phUMc jfvFgy qF sfr msly afpxy afp hI hwl ho jfxgy ikAuNkI sfzy sfry msilaF df hwl KLflsf rfj hI hY .

sfbkf sMsd mYNbr s[ aiqMdr pfl isMG nyN ies BUimkf nUM rWKdy hoey sYmInfr df arMB krn ihq sYmInfr dy sYktrI s[ rfjivMdr isMG nUM styj qy afAux df swdf idwqf .

s[ rfjivMdr isMG nyN sYmInfr df arMB krn ihq 15 sflF dI iek Aus bwcI nUM ardfs krn ihq styj qy swidaF ijs bwcI nyN mF dy pyt ivc hI puls aqy Bfrq srkfr dy akih qy asih julm shy sn . aqy jo bwcI prmfqmF dI mihr nfl bcI sI . ies bwcI nyN ardfs ivc ikhf ik " akfl purK jIE sfnUM KLflsqfn BUq vrqmfn aqy BivwK sYmInfr arMB krn hq afpxI agvfeI aqy iejfjq bKLsLo aqy sfzIaF glqIaF mfP krn dI ikrpf krnI".

s[ rfjivMdr isMG nyN ikhf ik ieh sYmInfr pMjfb dI DrqI qy ho irhf afpxy iksm df pihlf sYmInfr hY jo ik iswDf "KLflsqfn" dy isrlyK hyT ho irhf hY aqy smUH KLflsqf ies ivc iesAy afsLy ihq iewy smucy pMjfb dy hr ijly qoN afieaF aqy af irhf hY .

prsLfsLn vloN smfgm ivc Kll pfAux ihq sfry ielfky dI bwqI bMd kIqI geI ijs nUM qurq smfgm dy prbMDkf nyN 60 ky vI dy jnrytr mMgf ky 20 imMtF ivc hI aiVcn dUr kr leI .

smfgm ihq gur crnF ivc ardfs qoN bfad ley gey hukm nfmy nUM jo ik aMimRqvyly ilaf igaf pV ky suxfieaF igaF . aMk nM 587-88 slok mÚ 3 ] sjx imly

sjxf ijn sqgur nfil ipafru ] imil pRIqm iqnI iDafieaf scY pRyim ipafru ]

AuprMq s[ aiqMdr pfl isMG nUM bynqI kIqI geI ik Auh sYmInfr ivc pypr pVHn vfly smUh ivDvfn swjxF nUM nfl lY ky styj qy susLoBq hox .

sB qoN pihlf prcf s[ Drm isMG jI nyN pVHdy hoey iswK lIzr dy guxF qy ikrdfr df vrnx krdy hoey ikhf ik iswKF df lIzr isrP AuhI ho skdf hY ijhVf gurmiq nUM afpxy jIAun ivc apxfAuNdf aqy Dfrn krdf hY . ijs dI ivcfrDfrf aqy krnI kwQnI ivc gurmiq nhIN Auh iswKF df lIzr nhIN ho swkdf . jo afpxF DVf kyvl afpxy gurU nfl bxfAuNdf hY iksy ivakqI nfl nhIN . ivakqI aDfrq DiVaF nUM pMQ nUM hux brdfsLq nhIN krnF cfhIdf . afp nyN dunIafvI rfj nfloN ijafdf qrjIh aibnfsLI aqy aiDaqimkqf dy rfj nUN idwqI .

dUjf pypr zf[ gurdrsLn isMG iZloN jI nyN piVHaF . afp nyN pihlF afpxy ivsLY qy afAux qoN s[ Drm isMG jI vloN aiDafqmk rfj nUM qrjIh dyx dy ivcfr nUM iswK ieiqhfs aqy gur pIiraz ivcoN hI imsflF dy ky gwl awgy qordy hoey ikhf ik dunIafvI rfj dI vI gur sfihbF nyN afvsLk loV dwsI hY .

zf:gurdrsLn isMG iZwlo nyN ikhf ik rfj kfiem hoxF cfhIdf hY aqy pMQ nUM cfhIdf hY ik Auh aijhI lIzrisLp prmot kro joN kimtz hox aqy KLflsfeI rfj ivvsQf nUM smJdy hox qy KLflsy dI sMpRBuqF nUM bhfl krn ihq iemfndfr hox .

AunHF awgy gwl spsLt krdy hoey ikhf ik lIzr pYdf kro, afrgynfeIjLysLn pYdf kro, ijhVy iswK rfj sQfpq kr skx . rfj dy iswK sMklp nUM kfiem kIqy ibnF iswK df gujLfrf sMBv hI nhIN hY . afpxy sfry sfDn ies pfsy lfAuxy cfhIdy hn . KLflsy dy afpxy rfj qoN ibnF KLflsfeI isDFq aqy prMprfvF nUM prPuwlq nhIN kIqf jf swkdf . AunHF cuxOqI Bry lihjy ivc iswKF nUM vMgfrdy hoey ikhf "iswKF nUM ieh smJ lYxF cfhIdf hY" .

s[ jsvMq isMG kMvl nyN afpxI gwl qordy hoey ikhf ik pMjfb df burf hfl vyiKaf nhIN jFdF . pMjfb hoieaf hflo byhfl . gurU qUM hI syD dy ienHF afgUaF df isafpf ikvyN krIey ijhVy iswK nUM ies hflq qk lY ky afey hn . pMQ dyN lIzr qF pMQ df byVf zobx vflIaF jmfqf dy JfVU brdfr bx gey hn .

iswK kOm Gwty rulf dyxI hY jF kOm df mfxmq kfiem krnF hY, hux ieh cYlMj KVf hY, idmfgI cyqnf vflf afgU pYdf kro . asIN kOmI Gr pYdf krnf hI krnf hY .

aiqMdr pfl isMG sfbkf aYm[pI[ nyN afpxF kUMjIvq pypr pVHdy hoey ikhf ik lokf vloN ajmfeIaF geIaf BFq-BFq dIaf rfj pRxflIaf rfhIN, mnuWK dI asl loV aqy Aus dI ies ihq asl qRyh dI iqRpqI sMBv nhIN ho pfeI hY . ieh Btkx ies kdr imRg iqRsLnf ivc bdl cukI hY ik mnuWK afpxI afqmk suWcqf ivcoN vgdy inrml Jrinaf qoN hI vFJf rih irhf hY . "rfj krygf KLflsf" df sMklp mnuWK dI iesy Btkn qoN bcfa df spsLt aqy Krf ivAuhfrk AuWqr hY . ijs dI rfjnIqk ivcfr Dfrf dI ivDfnk bxqr "KLflsqfn" hY .

KLflsfeI ivcfrDfrf ivc "rfj krygf KLflsf" df rfjnIqk mnorQ spsLt, kilafxkfrI aqy AusfrU isafsI ivcfrDfrf df pRgtfvf hY.

iPlhfl lokfeI nUM ieh spsLt nhIN hY ik KLflsy df rfj ikho ijhf hovygf aqy Aus dI kI pRxflI hovygI jf kih lvo ik Aus df suBf kI hovygf . iehI kfrn hY ik jdoN vI "KLflsqfn" dI gwl kIqI jFdI hY qF KLfs qor qy BfrqI smfj ivc pihlF qoN hI imwQI iek dUsLq soc muV-muV qFzv krn lwg pYNdI hY . ieMj ieh smfj asl pirpyK ivc KLflsy nUM smJx qy apnfAux qoN asmrQ ho jFdf hY .

pMQ, iksy vI BUgoilk hwdbMdI df jF iksy vI dysL kfl dI hWd df bWJf nhI hY . ies df psfrf bRihmMzI hY . ieh afkfl dy hukm df bWJf hY. pMQ "inrBAu’ aqy "inrvYr’ hY . ies df insLcf "srbq df Blf’ hY . ies df insLfnf "nfnk nfm cVdI klf’ ivc hY . ies df afsLf KLflsfeI rfj pRxflI-KLflsqfn dI ivafpkqf dy vrqfry ivc hY . ies sMpUrn isafsI ivcfrDfrf dI afqmf qk phMUcn leI ieh lfjmI hY ik pihlf ieh smJ ilaf jfvy ik ieh koeI rUVIvfdI jf kWtrpMQIaf dI isafsI ivafiKaf dy dysL kfl dI buinafd nhI hY . asloN "rfj krygf KLflsf" dI sMklpDfrI rfjsI qy pRsLfskI pRxflI "KLflsqfn" nfl kWtrpMQI aqy rUVIvfdI smudfey df hmysLf leI srb nfsL huMdf hY.

"KLflsqfn" dI prMprf dI buinafd 1710 ivc KLflsy dI rfjDfnI lohgVH qoN sfmMqvfdI rjvfVfsLfhI dy hmysLf leI KLfqmy qy DrI geI . ieMj rfjsI qKLq nUM pihlI vfr mfnv riKak kMmf dy ikrdfr df aqy lok ihqf dy alMbrdfr aqy pihrydfr rWiKak bxfieaf igaf . mfnv ihqkfrI aqy rfjsI sLkqI dI ies ihq lok-ihqkfrI mnuWK-rwiKak buinafd df suBfg lokF qk KLflsy nyN afpxI slqnq rfhIN hI phUMcfieaf hY . ijs df pRcfr smuWcy ivsLv ivc krnf aWj sfzf PLrj bxdf hY . KLflsy dI ies slqnq dy dunIaf Br ivc lokkRFqI (ippl rYvUlUsLn) nUM jnm idWqf hY . ieMj asl ivc sMn 1710 ivc sWqf dIaf sfrIaf hI sLkqIaf lokf dy hWQf ivc dy (tRFsPr kr) idWqI jFdI hY . srkfr-ey- KLflsf rfhIN ieMj bMdf isMG bhfdr dI agvfeI ivc rfj mukt df aqy Aus dy qKLq dI sWqf df hmysLf leI lokf dy nFa ieMqkfl kr idWqf igaf hY . ieMj ies qoN pihlF pUry ivsLv ivc ikDry vI nhIN vfpiraf hY. KLflsy rfhIN ieMj ivsLv df pihlF lok rfj DrqI qy prgt huMdf hY .

KLflsfeI sWqf df hfsl krnf isWKf leI afpxy Dfrimk mirafdf df pflx krn ihq pMQk rihnI df iek atuWt aMg hY . rfj ivvsQf, smfj, inaf pRxflI, afrQk pRbMD, aqy mnuWKI ikrdfr dI gurmiq anukUl kfieaf plt krn ihq aqy suDfr ilafAux ihq gur hukm "ijs hI kI isrkfr hY iqs hI kf sB koie"1 aqy "ijs kf rfj iqsY kf supnf"2 KLflsy nUM sMpRBuqf sMpn suqMqr rfj kfiem krn ihq Auicq aqy ikRafsLIl rWbI aDfr pRdfn krdf hY .

ivsLv ivc mnuWKI kilafxkfrI, mnuWKI ajfdI, srb prvfnq aqy srb rWiKak inrvYr mfrg hor koeI nhIN imldf . ieh aiDafqimkqf aqy smfjkqf df rWbI sumyl hY. ijsdf psfrf "eyk ipqf’ dI "iekrUp sMqfn’ BfAu mnuWKqf ivc ivafpq hY .

"qKiq slfm hovY idn rfqI"3 df hkIkI vrqfrf hI ieh hY ik dunIaf hmysLf ivlWKx aqy azrI srb sLkqIDfrI dI pihcfn, mirafdf aqy isDFq vWl AulWrdI hY aqy Aus nUM apxf lYNdI hY . ieh lokfeI dI mfniskqf hY . qKLq dI sWqf df psfrf hI ies ivc hY ik Aus df anusrx kIqf jfvy . mnuWK nUM ies sMklp df DfrnI bnfAux df nIqI inrdysLk isDFq hI hY "KLflsqfn" .

ieMj rfj krygf KLflsf isWK dI idWK aqy hsqI df rol mfzl vI hY .smfj dy pRbMD aqy injLfm dI sucfrU qy srbpwKI ivAuNqbMdI dI Koj df hI jvfb hY KLflsy df rfj df pRbMDkI ZFcf . iesy pRbMDkI ZFcy dI agvfeI krdf hY lPLjL "KLflsqfn" . ieMj "KLflsqfn" KLflsy dI rfjnIqk pRxflI df srb prvfnq nfm hY . ijs nUM dunIaf ivclf hr smfj afpxy kilafx-AuQwfn leI apxf skdf hY . ijs df Kud KLflsf hoxF koeI sLrq nhIN hY . koeI vI smfj aqy siBafcfr afpxy kudrqI vhfa nUM XkInI bnfAux leI afpxy ivsLvfsL df pflx krdy hoey hI ies rfjnIqk pRxflI "KLflsqfn" nUM TIk AuvyN hI apnf qy lfgU kr skdf hY ijvyN Auh smfjvfdI, kimAUinst, pUMjIvfdI, mfE jF gFDI vfdI pRxflI nUM apnfAuNdf hY. Gwto Gwt BfrqI sMivDfn aqy pfrlImfnI isstm afpxy sLihrIaF nUM ies dI aigaf idMdF hY . iesy leI hI Bfrq dI sMsd ivc iesy afsLy dI prfpqI leI myry vloN idwqy gey imqI 3 sqMbr 1990 dy BfsLx nUM prvfn kIqf igaf hY aqy sMsd vloN Kud Cfipaf jFdf hY4 . iPr KLflsy nUM pMjfb ivc ies nUM lfgU krn qoN ikAuN roikaF jFdf hY ? dUnIaF df koeI vI ivDfn ies nUM gYr kfnUMnI nhIN afK skdf aqy nfh hI ieh hY . ies leI aflmI agvfeI dI gvfhI Brdf isDFq hY ieh sMklp:

jo isWK hn AunF qy aqy jo mnuWKqf dI mUl hoNd dy alMbrdfr hn AunHF qy ies sMklp nUM sfkfr krnf PLrj afied huMdf hY . ies rfjnIqk pRxflI nUM algfv vfdI, vWKvfdI, aiqvfdI jF dysL DrohI prcfrn vfly hI asl ivc mnuwKqf dy GfqI iswD ho rhy hn . ies leI ies nUM smJy ibnF smfj dy iksy vI ijLMmyvfr pwK nUM cfhyN Auh lokfeI hovy, aPsrsLfhI, rfj, pRYs jF byqfr mIzIaf afid nUM gYr ijMmyvfrfnF aPvfhI prcfr nhIN krnF cfhIdf . ieh dysL leI bVf Gfqk iswD ho irhf hY . iek ivcfrDfrf nUM ivcfrDfrk soc anurUp hI smJx dI sUJ nUM sfnUM sB nUM afpxy aMdr prgt kr lYxF cfhIdf hY . pµQ Kflsf smyq smUh ivsLv BfeIcfry nUM cfhIdf hY ik Auh gurmiq pRkfsL dIaF iehnF nv-ikrnF anurUp afpxI BivWKq bxqr nµU GVn leI Auprfly afrMB kr dyx .

sYmInfr ivc afey pqvMiqaF ivcoN zf[ kuldIp isMG, ipRMsIpl bldyv isMG, aYs jI pI sI mYNbr aqy akflI lIzr s[ drbfrf isMG, s[ sqvMq isMG anMdpurI nyN s[ aiqMdr pfl isMG dI BrpUr prsMsF krdy hoey KLflsqfn dI gwl qorn ihq aqy ieqnI ijaFdf spsLtqf nfl qorn ihq vDfeI idwqI . ienHF nyN ikhf ik asI s[ aiqMdr pfl isMG dy hr jqn nUm afpxI hmfieq dvFgy . ijs df sMgQF dy Brvy iekwT nyN jYkfiraF nfl svfgq kIqf .

ies sYmInfr ivc pMjfb dy hr ijly qoN 600 qoN vwD zYlIgyt sLfml hoey . pMjfb dI vrqmfn isafsI hflq nUM aqy bIqy smYN ivc hoey jbr nUM vyKdy hoey KLflsqfn dy ivsLY qy 600 zYlIgyts df phUMcxF iek vrnxXog kfmXfbI hY .

sYmInfr ivc prbMDkF vloN iek prdrsLnI vI lgfeI geI ijs ivc gurU nfnk sfihb qoN lY ky sMq jrnYl isMG jI qk dy smYN kfl ivc KLflsfeI rfj swqf aqy ivvsQf dy mhfnfiekF dIaF PotuaF ieh drsFdy hoey lfeIaF geIaF ik ieh KLflsqfn dy hIro hn . ies prdrsLnI ivc nfnksLfhI iswky, iswKF vloN inrmq ikly, muhrF, idwlLI dy lfl ikly qy kysrI prcm lihrfn vfly bGyl isMG nUM afdrsL mMndy hoey vwzy postr numF qsvIrF ivc pysL kIqf igaF . s[ sqvMq isMG, s[ ibaMq isMG, s[ kihr isMG aqy s[ subyg isMG dIaF vI vwz akfrI qsvIrF lf ky ienF nUM KLflsqfn dy mfhnfiek drsfieaF igaF .

sYmInfr ivc pMjfb ivc hoey styt dy jbr nUM prdrsLq krdIaF hoeIaF asl qsvIrF prdrsLq kIqIaF geIaF ijnHF qoN afpxy aFp prgt huMdf sI ik ikvyN iswKF nUM puls aqy srkfr nyN iml ky "vwKvfdI" kih ky jflmfnF qrIky nfl mfiraF hY . iek iswK nOjvfn dy puls ihrfsq ivc mfry jfx qoN bfad Aus dI KopV ivcoN bfhr inkilaf Aus df idmfg afpxI sfrI iviQaf afpxy afp suxF jFdf hY . iek hor iswK dyh puls ihrfsq ivc QFa QFa qoN sfVy jfx dI afp Poto ivc gvfhI BrdI hY . ies prdrsLnI nyN zYlIgyts nUM afpxy vwl BrpUr iKwicaf .

ijhVy asl zfkumYNts prdrsLq kIqy gey Aus vwl vI aFm qor qy BfrI puwC pVqfl aqy mMg rhI . lok aqy pRYs AunHF dI kfpI dI izmFz prbMDkF qoN krdy vyKy gey .

KLflsqfn BUq vrqmfn aqy BivWK dI styj qoN ieh hyT iliKaF mqf sMgqF dI prvfngI leI pysL kIqf igaF :

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gurU gRMQ swihb AMk 27

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gurU gRMQ swihb AMk 179

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