11 apRYl leI jQydfr tOhvf dI aMqm ardfs qy ivsLysL:  

byqfj bfdsLfh dI alivdf

idljIq isMG bydI, ieMcfrj pblIistI, sLRomxI gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI.

isK ieiqhfs ivwc aqy akflI isafsq dI qvfrIK ivc 31 mfrc dy idhfVy nUM sogI idhfVy vjoN Xfd kIqf jfvygf ijs ny pMQ dy anmol hIry, axQk vrkr, bynjLIr icMqk nUM sfQoN sdf sdf leI Ko ilaf. BfvyN ieh akfl purK df Bfxf hY pr jQydfr gurcrn isMG tOhVf vrgI lfimsfl sKsLIaq dI gYr-hfjLrI nUM Bfxy vFg mMnx leI pMQ nUM lMmy smyN dI loV rhygI. srdfr tOhVf ijhy dUr aMdysL icMqkF dI gYr hfjLrI ijQy kOm dI idsLf pRvrqn df kfrn bx skdI hY. AuQy AunHF vloN ivZy kMm, bnfeIaF XojnfvF ivAuNqIaF-srgrmIaF nUM asIN Ausy rosLnI qy idsLf ivwc rwK skFgy! ies gwl df aihsfs AunHF lokF nUM hY ijhVy sR: tOhVf dI jfdUgr sKsLIaq, vkfrI bol-bfxI qy dUr idRsLtI dy jlOa qoN vfkP hn. ieh gwl sfrf pMQ jfxdf hY ik sR: gurcrn isMG tOhVf vrgy puwqr mfvF inwq nhIN jMmdIaF ies byqfj bfdsLfh dI acncyq alivdf, ijQy sfry pMQ nUM JMjoV geI hY AuQy AunHF dy ivroDIaF, doKIaF, inMdkF nUM vI KulHy idl nfl pRsLMsLf krdy suixaf hY. msly, ivroD, hl qy rfjnIqI sB df sbMD nyqfvF dI ijLMdgI nfl juiVaf huMdf hY. pr jQydfr tOhVf aijhf krmI XoDf hY ijs nUM ieiqhfs sunihrI awKrF ivwc Xfd hI nhIN krygf sgoN Aus dIaF mshlqF, jugqF, isafxpF aqy iswK pMQ pRqIbwDqf nUM sQfeI rUp ivc gRihx krygf. afAux vfly smyN ivwc sR: tOhVf vrgy vwzy cirqrvfn lokF dI hor vI loV hY.

iswK Drm, isafsq qy iswK siBafcfr ivwc sB qoN vDyry cricq qy snmfnI sLKLsIaq iswKF dy isrmOr afgU aqy akflI dl dy rUhy rvF sLRomxI kmytI dy inrivvfd inrdysLk aqy iPlbdIh bfdlIl ivcfrF dy inrMqr pRvfh nMU jfrI rwKx vflI mfieafnfjL hsqI kyvl qy kyvl jQydfr gurcrn isMG tOhVf hI sn ijMnHf ny iswKF nMU hr aOKI GVI agvfeI hI nhIN idwqI sgoN ikRafqmk pwDr `qy vI sLmUlIaq krky ijLMdf-jLmIr imsflF kfiem kIqIaF. pMjfb dI isafsq qy akflI dl dIaF gqIivDIaF ny sR[pRkfsL isMG bfdl dI agvfeI ivc iek vfr Pyr AunHF dIaF syvfvF dI sKLq loV mihsUsidaF hoieaF aqy pMQ dI cVHdI klf dI nvyN isirEN ivAuNqbMdI qy mfrg-drsLn leI jQydfr gurcrn isMG tOhVf nMU imqI 27 julfeI 2003 nMU sLRomxI gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI df pRDfn bnfAux df ieiqhfsk PYslf ilaf sI, ijsdf hr pfisEN BrpUr svfgq hoieaf sI. jQydfr tOhVf jyhy bjLurg qy bydfg sLKsLIaq df pMQ qy Drm dI vfgzor sMBflxf hor vI mhwqvpUrn sI jdoN pMQ sfhmxy nvIN rfjnIiqk pRsiQqIaF ny keI vMgfrF ilaf KVHIaF kIqIaF aqy ies nfjLuk dOr ivc AunHF dI agvfeI sfriQk qy mUlvfn iswitaF vflI hox dI afs BruPr sI. sMgqF jfxdIaF hn ik jQydfr tOhVf df isafsI kwd, inwjI sLKLsLIaq qy pRBfvI kfrgujLfrI ny hmysLf AunHF nMU surKIaF ivwc rwiKaf aqy AunHF dy khy, boly qy ilKy df hmysLf mhwqv irhf hY. sLRomxI kmytI dI sQfpnf dy smuwcy ieiqhfs ivc sB qoN vwD agvfeI vflf smF jQydfr gurcrn isMG tOhVf qy mrhUm nyqf mfstr qfrf isMG jI nMU imilaf. mfstr jI 18 vfr ies sMsQf dy pRDfn bxy, jd ik jQydfr tOhVf 27 vfr pRDfn bxy.

          iswK pMQ dy bfbf bohV DnMqr isafsqdfn, akflI rfjnIqI dy BIsLm ipqfmf aqy cfxkIaf ivsLysLx nfl jfxy jFdy dUr-aMdysL nyqf jQydfr gurcrn isMG tOhVf jmFdrU tksflI akflI sn, ikAuNik AunHF df pirvfr guriswKI aqy akflIaq nMU ieko hI smJky jIvn ivc ivcrdf irhf hY. akflIaq df jo jjLbf jQydfr tOhVf nMU ivrfsq ivc imilaf sI Aus nMU smyN df hfxI bnfAux ivc AunHF ny bhuq GflnfvF GflIaF. jQydfr tOhVf dI sLfn ies gwl ivc rhI hY ik vrqmfn iswK isafsq df Durohr hox dy bfvjUd, AunHF df koeI vI smkflI ieh nhIN kih skdf ik AunHF nMU ieQoN qwk phuMcfAux ivc Aus df hwQ sI. AunHF dI sLKLsLIaq dI ieh cVHq ivkfs gurU imhr nfl joVy ibnF smJxf sOKf nhIN hY. ikhf jf skdf hY ik jQydfr tOhVf jo njLr afAuNdy sn, Aus nfloN ikqy vwD dUr-aMdysL smrQf dy Auh mflk sn. AunHF dI smrQf df kOm ny AuqnF lfB nhIN AuTfieaf jf skdf sI. pr ieh swc qF pRkfsLmfn ho cuwkf hY ik AunHF dI sKsLIaq dy syk nfl ivroDI BfnvfvF ieksur ho jFdIaF sn. AunHF dI mkbUlIaq df Byd iesy ivc Cuipaf hoieaf sI.

          sDfrn pyNzU mfipaF dy asDfrn puwqr jQydfr tOhVf afpxI sKLsLIaq, ivvhfr aqy nYiqkqf df iswkf afpixaF aqy ihmYqIaF dy nfl-nfl, ivroDIaF qoN vI mnvf cuwky sn. ies dy bfvjUd Auh kdy afpxIaF jVHF nfloN nhIN tuty aqy eysy krky AunHF nMU iswKI, iswK isafsq aqy iswK pCfx ivc Prk krx dI kdy loV hI mihsUs nhIN sI hoeI. ies qrF jQydfr tOhVf, Kflsf pMQ df rIs krx Xog lIzr bx gey sn. eysy leI akflI qfkq ivc hox jF qfkq qo bfhr, jQydfr tOhVf dI srdfrI hr qrHF nfl sQfpq rihMdI hY. KyqrI isafsq df jy akflI dl nMU moZI mMinaf jf skdf sI qF jQydfr tOhVf inrsMdyh ies dy GfiVaf ivcoN khy jf skdy hn. akflI dl df pRDfn BfvyN koeI hovy, akflI dl vwloN lVIaF geIaF isafsI jMgF ivc kyNdrI BUimkf jQydfr tOhVf dI hI rhI hY. Auh pRMprk iswK sLYlI ivc Drm aqy isafsq dI sMqulq vrqoN krky ivKf cuwky sn. akflIaF dI vrqmfn isafsI aihmIaq ny jQydfr tOhVf df jo mfn siqkfr kOmI pwDr AuWqy kfiem kIqf hY, Aus dI pRqIinDqf krn dI vMgfr jQydfr tOhVf ny rfj sBf dI mYNbrI kbUl krky afpxy isr lY leI sI. 81vyN sfl ivc apVy, isafsI cyqnf dy mujsmyN jQydfr tOhVf qoN pMjfb aqy pMjfbIaq dy pMQk rMg ivc rMgy hoey isafsI muwidaF df kOmI pRsMg AuBfry jfx dI afs kIqI jf skdI sI. kuJ smF pihlF akflI dl pirvrqx kfl ivcoN lMG irhf hY ikAuNik nfhry dI isafsq nMU muwidaF dI isafsq ivc bdly jfx vwl ruicq sI. ies siQqI ivc jQydfr tOhVf kol Dfrimk prpwkqf aqy kOmI pRqIbwDq ivc Prk krx dI jo hMs ibrqI pihlF qoN hI sI, Aus df vwD qoN vwD lfhf ilaf jfxf cfhuMdf sI AuqnF nhIN ilaf jf sikaf. nMgy ipMzy muihMmF sr krx dI jo akflI sLfK jQydfr tOhVf ny kfiem kr leI sI Aus dI vrqoN vfsqy loVINdf isafsI plytPfrm rfj sBf dy rUp ivc AunHF nMU iml igaf sI gurU vwl mUMh krky lVdy af rhy ies isafsI sUrmy vfsqy koeI vI isafsI pYNqVf Eprf nhIN sI.

          jQy:gurcrn isMG tOhVf ny 24 sqMbr 1924 nMU sR[dlIp isMG dy gRih mfqf bsMq kOr dI kuwKoN jnm ilaf. AunHF ivwc bcpn qoN hI Dfrimk rucI pRbl sI, pMjfb XUnIvristI lfhOr qoN AuhnF igafnI kIqI. gurmiq isDfqF qy pMQk syvf nMU smripq pirvfr dy ies hoxhfr nOjvfn ny 1937 ivc aMimRqDfrI ho ky pirvfr dI ies Cwb nMU hor cfr cMn lfey. afsf dI vfr df kMT krky inqnym dIaF bfxIaF dy nfl hor vI gurmiq sihq qy kfPI aiDaYn kIqf. afp ny aMimRq-sMcfr lihr dy koeI 18 smfgmF ivwc lgfqfr ihwsf ilaf.     jQydfr tOhVf 1938 ivwc sLRomxI akflI dl dy mYNbr bxy. 1944 qoN pMQk moricaF leI jylH Xfqrf sLurU kIqI qy iPr hr morcy ivc pihlI kqfr `c ho ky jylH gey. 1948 ivc irafsqI akflI dl dy skwqr bxy aqy 1942 ivc ijLlHf akflI jQf PqihgVH sfihb dy pRDfn cuxy gey, ieh sPr awgy inrMqr qurdf irhf. 1947 ivc pitaflf ijLlHf akflI jQf dy pRDfn cuxy gey. 1959 ivc sLRomxI akflI dl dy jUnIar mIq pRDfn bxy aqy 1960 ivc sLRomxI kmytI dIaF jnrl coxF smyN sLRomxI akflI dl vloN sLRomxI kmytI mYNbr cuxy gey.

12 sfl dy vkPy AuprMq 6 jnvrI 1973 eI: nUM jQydfr tOhVf ny iswKF dI isrmOr sMsQf sLRomxI kmytI df pRDfngI pd sMBfl ilaf. ies AuprMq QoVy ijhy vkPy nUM Cwz ky ieh pRDfngI df qfj lgfqfr jQydfr tOhVf dy isr hI sLsLoiBq huMdf irhf. iswK isafsq qy ieiqhfs ivwc jQydfr tOhVf hI iek aijhI sKsLIaq sn ijnF nUM ies sMsQf ny eynI vfr qy lMmf smF pRDfn bxn df mOkf imilaf, jQydfr tOhVf 6 jnvrI 1973 nUM pihlI vfr sLRomxI kmytI dy pRDfn bxy qy 1986 qIk ies qy lgfqfr kfbjL rhy. sR: surjIq isMG brnflf dI vjfrq smyN Auh 23 qoN 29 nvMbr qIk ies afhudy qoN vwK rhy. iPr 1986 qoN 1990 qIk bqOr pRDfn ies mhfn sMsQf dI agvfhI krdy rhy. 1990 qoN 1991 qIk sR: bldyv isMG sIbIaf nUM ies afhudy df mfx imilaf. 1991 qoN 1999 qIk ieh pRDfngI afhudf jQydfr tOhVf pfs irhf.

          1969 qoN 76 qIk iPr 1980 qoN 1988 qwk rfj sBf dy mYNbr bxy. 1998 qoN hux qIk rfj sBf dy mYNbr cly af rhy sn. 1977 qoN 1979 qwk Auh lok sBf dy mYNbr cuxy gey. Auh hor vI anykF Dfrimk qy ividak sMsQfvF qy srprsq qy pRDfn sn. 27-7-2003 nUM aMirMg kmytI sLRomxI gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI ny srb sMmqI nfl muV AunHF nUM pRDfn cux ky pMQk eykqf qy mohr lfeI sI qy 15 nvMbr 2003 nUM ies qrHF jQydfr tOhVf sLRomxI kmytI dy 37 vyN pRDfn bxy sI. jQydfr tOhVf 27vIN vfr sLRomxI kmytI dy pRDfn cuxy gey.

jQydfr tOhVf ny kyNdrI isMG sBf, iswK aYjUkysLn susfietI cMzIgVH, nnkfxf sfihb aYjUkysLn susfietI dy keI sflF bwDI pRDfn aqy borz qKLq hjLUr sfihb dy pRDfn dI syvf vI bfKUbI inBfeI, ieh sfrIaF juMmyvfrIaF gurU bKisLsL sdkf aqy guriswKF dIaF asIsF nfl bVI kfmXfbI nfl inBfeIaF. sLRomxI gurduafrf pRbMDk kmytI dI agvfeI df ieiqhfs ies gwl dI sfKI Brdf hY ik ies sMsQf ny hr aOKI ibKm qy sMkt vflI siQqI ivc kOm dIaF ieCfvF dI qrjLmfnI hI nhIN kIqI sgoN XfdgfrI agvfeI dy ky kOm dI cVdI klf leI lokqMqirk ZMg nfl lVfeIaF vI lVIaF qy bynjIr ijwqF vI pRfpq kIqIaF.