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mfrc 23, 2006
rMglI vYsfKI df gurU goibMd isMG jI
dy isDFq nfl kI sbMD hY?
kI ieh siBafcfr dy nF qy Drm df iKlvfV nhIN? |
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lyKk vloN
not:- 4 ku hPiqaF qwk Kflsf pMQ df 307vF sfjnf idvs mnfAux jf rhI
sMgq dy iDafn gocry aqy pRbMDkF dy kMn qy Kfj krn mfqr iesLfrf dyx
leI aglIaF sqrF ilKx dI koisLsL kr irhf hF. aqIq ivwc pRbMDkF nMU
slfh dyx dI bdOlq keI vfr ienHF vIrF dy kRoD (iswK ivroDI qwq) df
isLkfr ho cuwkf hF pr ilKxf pysLf smJ ky pysLy nfl iensfP krn dI
koisLsL ivwc hI ieh Dwkf sihMdf jf irhf hF ik sLfied ies nfl hI koeI
qbdIlI df sfDn bx sky. vYsy aijhI qbdIlI ilafAux dy Xqn krdy krdy
keI vIr ihMmqF vI hfr cuwky hn.
pFTkF nMU “sLfied” Xfd hovygf ik mYN ipCly keI sflF qoN vYsfKI nfl
juVy asiBak myilaF bfry afrtIkl ilKdf af irhf hF ijs ivwc ieh iswD
krn dI koisLsL kIqI sI ik pMjfb df koeI siBafcfr nhIN hY agr hovy qF
smuwcy pMjfbIaF df iewko hI siBafcfr hovy, pr aYsf nhIN hY ikAuNik
siBafcfr qF Drm nfl juiVaf iewk ivsLf hY.
dfs dy ies ivsLy Aupr ilKx qoN bfad pRbMDkI vrg ivwc qF koeI hrkq
nhIN afeI pr ies sfl vYsfKI nfl juVvyN Zol Zmwky dy pRogRfmF ivwc
jrUr vfDf hoieaf hY. vYsy agr iksy afrtIkl ivwc pRbMDkI vrg Aupr
jLrf ijMnI vI AuNglI AuT jfvy qF vkIl df pwqr puwj jFdf hY qy hux
jdoN Kflsf pMQ dy isDFqF dIaF hr rojL DwjIaF AuzfeIaF jf rhIaF hn qF
sfzy pRbMDkI vrg nMU ngr kIrqn dI kfvF rOlI qoN ivhl nhIN imldf ik
Auh vYsfKI dy asl muwdy nMU Kud smJ skx qy jo ijLMmyvfrI Auh afpxy
kMiDaF qy AuTfeI iPr rhy hn Aus nMU pUrI kridaF vYsfKI dy asl mfany
pRcfr skx.
ipCly kuwJ arsy qoN pMjfb aMdr siBafcfr dy nF qy anykF qrHF dy
pRogRfm krvfey jf rhyy hn ijnHF nMU ieAuN pysL kIqf jFdf hY ijvyN
ivrsy dI sMBfl leI syvf df kuMB ricaf jf irhf hovy. ieh ibmfrI
ivdysLF ivwc aYnI vwD cuwkI hY ik vYsfKI dy nF qy ienHF GtIaf iksm
dy siBafcfrk myilaf df irvfjL pY cuwkf hY. dfs ny kfPI smyN qoN
(jdoN df ies ivsLy nMU ghu nfl ivcfiraf hY) vYsfKI dy nF qy krvfey
jFdy ienHF myilaF dI muKflPq sLurU kIqI hoeI hY. kuwJ agFh vDU soc
dy DfrnI lokF vloN ieh vI vkflq kIqI jFdI hY vYsfKI df Kflsf pMQ dI
sfjnf dy nfl nfl sfzy siBafcfr nfl vI sbMD hY. kI sfzf siBafcfr sfzy
rihx, bihx, sihx dy ZMg nfloN vwKrf hY ? ieh ivcfr hyTly afrtIkl
ivwc krn dI koisLsL kr irhf hF aqy nfl hI pRbMDkI vrg aqy mIzIey dy
iswKI pRqI suihrd vrg nMU apIl krnI cfhFgf ik ies ivsLy qy ivcfrF df
islislf jrUr CyiVaf jfvy ik kI pMjfb dy smuwcy visLMdy lokF df rihx
bihx iewko ijhf hY. agr iewko ijhf nhIN qF kI vwKrf hY aqy ikAuN
vwKrf hY? |
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suKimMdr isMG hMsrf |
siBafcfr, smfj dy rojLfnf ijLMdgI bsr krn dy ZMg qrIky df dUsrf nfm
hY. lok ijs qrIky nfl pihlF rihMdy sI awj asIN jdoN KUh, purfxf
puwl, nlkf, crKf, qyl kwZx vflf kohlU jF aijhI koeI hor purfxI cIjL
vyKdy hF qF AusnMU afpxf purfqn ivrsf kih ky cMgf smJdy hF. keI vfr
qF asIN purfxIaF cIjLF nMU afpxy GrF df isLMgfr vI bxf ky rwKdy hF.
ieQoN iswD huMdf hY ik rihx bihx dy qrIky nMU hI siBafcfr kihMdy hn.
hux ivcfr ieh krn dI loV hY ik pMjfb df siBafcfr kI hY ? pMjfb ivwc
hr Drm dy lok rihMdy hn aqy qkrIbn hr Drm dy lokF dI rojLfnf ijLMdgI
df ZMg vI vwKrf hI hY. iPr pMjfb df insLicq siBafcfr ikvyN ho skdf
hY? siBafcfr qF lokF dI rojL mrHf ijLMdgI bsr krn dy qrIky nfl sbMDq
hY qF kI hr Drm dy lokF df siBafcfr vwKrf hY ? ieh jfnx leI afE
Audfhrx dy qOr qy kYnyzf vrgy mulk vwl njLr mfrIey, ijQy hr Drm dy
lok rihMdy hn. agr rihx vfly sUby jF mulk nfl siBafcfr bdldf hovy qF
sfzf kYnyzf ivwc af ky vsx nfl siBafcfr kYnyzIan hoxf cfhIdf sI.
suafl ieh vI pYdf huMdf hY ik kYnyzIan siBafcfr kI hY? kYnyzf bhu
siBak (mltI klcrl) mulk mMinaf igaf hY Bfv ieQy vwK vwK siBaqf vfly
lok vsdy hn ‘qy hr siBaqf nMU surwiKaq rwKx leI ieQy mltI klcrl aYkt
vI bixaf hoieaf hY.
ies qoN spwsLt hY ik siBafcfr df dysL nfl nhIN, lokF nfl sbMD hY.
lokF dI rihxI, bihxI, sihxI, ivwc aMqr vyKx leI ieh jrUrI hY ik
pihlF ieh pqf lgfieaf jfvy ik AunHF ivwc ikhVI gwloN aMqr hY. pMjfb
ivwc iswK, ihMdU, muslmfn aqy eIsfeI lok rihMdy hn. ienF vwK vwK vrg
dy lokF dI rojLfnf ijLMdgI ivwc kfPI aMqr hY BfvyN ieh guaFZI hI
ikAuN nF hox. iswK df dUsiraF nfloN Kfxf vwKrf hY, pihnxf vwKrf hY,
sMgIq vwKrf hY, rIqI irvfjL vwKry hn. iswK df iksy dUsry nMU imlx
vyly ivvhfr vI bfkIaF nfloN vwKrf hY. inrsMdyh aijhf aMqr ihMdU,
muslmfn aqy eIsfeIaF ivwc vI hY. iPr ieh kihxf vfijb hY ik siBafcfr
df Drm nfl sbMD hY.
ipCly kuwJ arsy qoN pMjfb aMdr siBafcfr dy nF qy anykF qrHF dy
pRogRfm krvfey jf rhyy hn ijnHF nMU ieAuN pysL kIqf jFdf hY ijvyN
ivrsy dI sMBfl leI syvf df kuMB ricaf jf irhf hovy. ieh ibmfrI
ivdysLF ivwc aYnI vwD cuwkI hY ik vYsfKI dy nF qy ienHF GtIaf iksm
dy siBafcfrk myilaf df irvfjL pY cuwkf hY. dfs ny kfPI smyN qoN
(jdoN df ies ivsLy nMU ghu nfl ivcfiraf hY) vYsfKI dy nF qy krvfey
jFdy ienHF myilaF dI muKflPq sLurU kIqI hoeI hY. kuwJ agFh vDU soc
dy DfrnI lokF vloN ieh vI vkflq kIqI jFdI hY vYsfKI df Kflsf pMQ dI
sfjnf dy nfl nfl sfzy siBafcfr nfl vI sbMD hY. kI sfzf siBafcfr sfzy
rihx, bihx, sihx dy ZMg nfloN vwKrf hY ?
iswK nMU rojLfnf ijLMdgI df qrIkf gurU sfihbfnF ny afpxy 239 sflF dy
jIvn ieiqhfs ivwc bVI bfKUbI nfl smJfieaf hY. ieh vwKrI gwl hY ik
iswK ny gurU sfihbfnF vloN drsfey jIvn mfrg nMU smJx dI bjfey igwDf,
BMgVf, swsI punUM, hIr rFJf, imrjLf sfihbF, crKy, nlky aid nMU afpxf
siBafcfr mMnxf sLurU kIqf hoieaf hY.
“vYsfKI” ijs df iswDf sbMD Kflsy dI isrjnf dy nfl hY ies idn qy
igwDy, BMgVy dy pRogRfm AulIkxy `qy iznr zFs krvfAuxy inrsMdyh
sMjIdgI nfl pMQ dy iDafn dI mMg krdy hn. suafl ieh pYdf huMdf hY ik
ieh igwDy BMgVy sfzy ivrsf df aMg ikvyN bx gey? bhuqI vfr gurU nfnk
pfqsLfh dI bfxI “afsf dI vfr” ivcoN ies lfeIn df vyrvf idwqf jFdf hY
ik “nwcx kuwdx mn kf cfA” Bfv nwcxf kuwdxf mnH df cfa hY ies ivwc kI
burfeI hY jdoN ik gurU sfihb bMdy nMU nsIaq dy rhy hn ik nwcxf
kuwdxf qF mnH kf cfE hY ieh burf hI burf hY, ijs nfl mnH hor cMcl
huMdf hY. mnH dI sunx vflf gurbfxI anusfr mnmuK ikhf jFdf hY ijs
bfry gurU gRMQ sfihb ivwc drj hY ik:
mnmuK mfieaf moih hY , nfim n lgo ipafru.. kUVu kmfvY kUVu sMgRhY,
kUVu krY afhfr..
vYsfKI ‘qy Kflsy dI isrjnf qoN ibnHF hor vI anykF GtnfvF vfprIaF hn
ijnHF df nwcx twpxf nfl kdy vI sbMD nhIN juV skdf. agr nfnksLfhI
klMzr nfl ivcfiraf jfvy qF gurU nfnk pfqsLfh df pRkfsL Auqsv ienHF
idnF ivwc hI Bfv 15 aprYl 1469 nMU afAuNdf hY.
vYsfKI vfly idn ipMgly ny duK BMjnI iesLnfn kIqf sI, qy arog hoieaf
sI.
vYsfKI dy idn hI gurU hiriksLn sfihb jI ny iswKF nMU bfby bkfly df
pUrx sMkyq idwqf sI. ieh vI swc hY ik aTfrvIN sdI df sfrf iswK
ieiqhfs vYsfKI aqy dIvflI dy ierd igrd hI GuMmdf hY ikAuNik iswKF dy
ijafdf iekwT ienHF idnF qy hI huMdy sn.
1699 dI vYsfKI qoN bfad ies idn dI mhwqqf hor vI vwD geI sI.
1721 eI: dI vYsfKI nMU bMdeI aqy qwq Kflsf df prcIaF pf ky smJOqf
hoieaf sI.
29 mrc 1747 dI vYsfKI nMU nvfb kpUr isMG ny srbwq Kflsf bulf ky ieko
afgU, ieko afdrsL aqy iek jQybMdI df nfarf iswK pMQ nMU idwqf. ies
smyHN 83 inwky inwky dl sn ijnHF nMU qoV ky nvfb sfihb ny “dl Kflsf”
nfmI jQybMdI kfiem kIqI. iesy hI srbwq Kflsy ivwc gurmqf hoieaf sI
ik pMjfb Kflsy dI jnm BUmI hY ies Aupr hoieaf hmlf Kflsf pMQ Aupr
hmlf smiJaf jfvygf, nfl hI afdrsL “rfj krygf Kflsf” idRV krvfieaf
igaf.
10 aprYl 1763 nMU iswK lhOr qy Piqh pf ky aMimRqsr vYsfKI mnf hI rhy
sn jdoN bRfhmx ny Pirafd kIqI ik ksUr df nvfb Aus dI nvivafhI pqnI
nMU jbrdsq cuwk ky lY igaf hY qF hrI isMG BMgI ny Ausy smyHN hor
jiQaf smyq ksUr qy cVfeI krky bRfhmx dI pqnI CuzfeI.
mOjUdf ieiqhfs ivwc jilHaF vfly bfg aqy 1978 df inrMkfrI kFz ies gwl
dI gvfhI Brdy hn ik ies idn kOm nMU nwcx, twpx jF BMgVy pAux nhIN
sgoN gMBIr hox dI loV hY.
purfqn hukmnfimaF ivwc iswK nMU vYsfKI qy afnMdpur iekwTy hox dy
hukm imldy hn:
vfsI ivwc ijQy hovY Drmsfl..
iswK iml bYTx pRym muhwbq nfl..
sLbd sfKI gRMQ poQI pVIaY..
kIrqn kQf gur crcf krIaY..
gwl ieQy mukdI hY ik vYsfKI nMU BfvyN Dfrimk, ieiqhfsk jF siBafcfrk
iqAuhfr kih lvo. vYsfKI iswK df sMsfr dy lokF pRqI pRx df idhfVf hY
ik Auh hmysLF inafrf rhygf, jLulm nfl tkrfAuNdf rhygf aqy mjLlUmF
Aupr huMdf hr vfr aqpxy sIny qy sihMdf rhygf. ienHF sLrqF dI ksvwtI
Aupr pUrf Auqrn leI ieh jrUrI hY ik asIN iesdy mUl nfl juVy rhIey.
bynqI
dfs, pMQ dIaF isrmOr sMsQfvF nMU bynqI krdf hY ik vYsfKI dy nF qy ho
rhy nwcx twpx vfly pRogRfmF df sKq noits ilaf jfvy ‘qy ienHF bfry
smuwcy BfeIcfry nMU jfxU krvfieaf jfvy qF ik koeI vI jfxy jF axjfxy
ivwc siBafcfr dy nF hyT Dfrimk pRMprfvF df iKlvfV nF kr sky. ieqhfs
gvfh hY ik vYsfKI bVf gMBIr idhfVf hY. ies idn iswK kOm ny anykF
kurbfniaF kIqIaF hn aqy anykF aihm PYsly ley hn. ies nMU “rMglI
vYsfKI” vrgy pRmfxF nfl mnfAux dI pRMprf nfl joVnf hrigjL Auicwq
nhIN hY. afE iekwTy ho ky afpxy ienF BfvpUrx iqAuhfrF nMU hlky aqy
hoCy pRogrfmF qoN inrlyp rwKx leI kdm puwtIey.
ies qoN ielfvf sfzIaF Dfrimk aqy pMQk sMsQfvF nMU vYsfKI nfl sbMDq
ieiqhfsk Koj krky sbMDq ivisLaF bfry sfrf mhInf sYmInfr krny cfhIdy
hn qF ik vYsfKI qy asIN miTafeIaF Cwkx qwk hI sImq nF rhIey sgoN ies
purb qoN kOmI BivwK bfry mMijLlF qih krn dI soJI lY skIey.
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kbwzI
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