Sanjh Savera

brsI qy ivsLysL

Bgq pUrn isMG mfnvqf pRym dI isKr

(kuwkU DflIvfl)

sMsfr ivwc ijwQy aMimRqsr iswK swiBafcfr df kyNdrI asQfn hY AuWQy Auh isPqI df Gr sLRI drbfr sfihb aMimRqsr vjoN vI jfixaF jFdf hY. AuWqrI Bfrq dy ies srhwdI sLihr ivwc iswKI prMprfvF ivwcoN syvf dI guVHqI lY ik prPuwlq hoeI iewk icikqsL smfjk sMsQf ‘ipMglvfVf’ lf-imsLfl hYsIaq rwKdI hoeI aijhI syvf inBf rhI hY ik ijs AuWpr smfjI aqy mnuwKI sFJ rwKx vfilLaF nUM nfjL hY.

ipMglvfVf sMsQf dy nF dI kfZ BfvyN kwqk dI pUrnmfsLI 1934 dI rfq nUM arMB hoeI sI jdoN cfr sfl df lUlf bwcf pMcm pfqsLfh sLRI gurU arjn dyv jI dy sLhIdI asQfn gurduafrf zyrf sfihb lfhOr dy bUhy awigEN Aus smyN lfvfrsI dI hflq ivwc hYWz grMQI jwQydfr awCr isMG ny ardfs krky Bgq pUrn isMG dI JolLI ivwc pf idwqf. ijhVf iewko smyN mF aqy bfp df ipafr lY ky krIb 64 sfl dI Aumr ivwc 27 akqUbr 1994 nUM sdIvI ivCoVf dy igaf. pr ies bIj rUp df ivkfsL 18 agsq 1947 qoN ipwCoN aMimRqsr rihMidaF ijs qrHF sVkF dy kMiZaF qy ivKm pYNizaF ‘coN lMGidaF hoieaf ieh idl kMbfAU qy mnuwKI ihridaF nUM JMjoVn vflLI khfxI hY.

kfnUMn dI nIqI gorK DMidaF dy ivMgy tyzy rsiqaF qoN rINgdI afieaf krdI hY. pr hwQIN syvf krn vflLI hsqI inXmF kfnUMnF dIaF sMsQfvF vFg iksy ivDfnF dI AuzIk nhIN krdI. ieh afjLfd huMdI hY aqy idaf dy KMBf AuWqy Auzky loVbMdF pfs iswDI phuMc jFdI hY. ieh sfAU mrdF aqy iesqrIaF dy pivwqr ihridaF coN qro qfjLf cmkF mfrdI afAuNdI hY.

syvf, sLRyxIaF aqy ivakqIaF dy BydF dIaF dmnkfrI socF ivwc nhIN AulLJdI. sgoN ieh qF iewk syvf mfqr hr bwcy buwZy nOjuafn mrdF aqy pIVq lukfeI dI bFh PVn leI afAuNdI hY. iksy vI dysL mjLhb jF jfqI dy nfqy nhIN sgoN iewk mnuwK mfqr dy nfqy ieh kyvl qy kyvl iewk hI irsLqf mMndI hY. mfnvqf df iewko mnorQ snmuwK rwKdI hY. ipafr df aqy iewko iewk swc suxdI hY mnuwKI pIVf df. myrf rom-rom irxI hY Bgq pUrn isMG jI awgy. ijnHF duKI mfnvqf dI syvf ibnF iksy ivqkry nsl, jfq iBMn Byd qoN AuWpr AuWTky pUry cfa aqy AuqsLfh nflL kIqI.

Bgq jI ny ikvyN afpxy ihrdy dIaF zuMGfeIaF ‘coN inwklLy idaf ipafr inMmrqf dy jjby nflL mfvF qoN vDky lfvfrsL rogIaF dI sMBflL kIqI. BfvyN suwK aqy duwK dovyN hI jIvn dy BMgUVy hn. ienHF dI qulnf idn dy cfnx aqy rfq dy hnHyry nflL kIqI jf skdI hY. iewk sohxy sunwKy sMsfr dI rcnf ijs ivwc ijLMdgI hr duwK drd qoN suqMqr hovy Bgq jI df dYvI supnf sI. Bgq jI ny svrg duwKm-duwKm dy isDFq (Bfv sfrI kfienfq hI duwKF df Gr hY) pr afpxy cuigrdy aqy smfjk ZFcy nUM nIJ nflL GoKx mgroN AunHF ny jfixaF ik duwK koeI dYvI ksLt nhIN sgoN ieh mnuwKI aigafnqf dI dyx hY.

priswD lyKk amrIk isMG BftIaf ilKdy hn ik duKI mnuwKqf dIaF isskIaF ny Bgq jI dy ihrdy nUM ibMnHky rwK idwqf. pr ienHF isLsLkIaF aqy cIk icMiGafiVaF qoN zridaF AunHF ny rfjkumfr isDfrQ vFg jMglLF ivwc alop ho jfx aqy byloVy PlsiPaF ivwc grk ho jfxf AuWicq nhIN smiJaf. priswD ivwdvfn KusLvMq isMG ny Bgq jI vfry iliKaf hY ik Aus XfqrU jF sLYlfnI dI Xfqrf aDUrI hY jy kr Auh sLRI drbfr sfihb dy drsLxF qoN bfad ipMglvfVy nhIN jFdf.

priswD aMgryjLI dy aKbfr ihMdosqfn tfeIMmjL dy aYzItr rhy bI aYWn nrfiex ny BfrqI nIqIvfnF nUM JMjoiVaf hY ik rwb aqy srkfr vI AunHF dI shfieqf krdI hY ijhVy afpxI mwdd afp krdy hn. pr Bgq pUrn isMG ny ipMglvfVf bxfky AunHF dI mwdd kIqI ijhVy afpxI shfieqf krnoN pUrI qrHF asmrwQ sn. ies dI syvf mdr trysf nflLoN iksy gwly vI Gwt nhIN hY.

ies smyN ipMglvfVy dI cVHdI klf leI zfktr ieMdrjIq kOr afpxI pUrI tIm dy nflL qndyhI nflL juty hoey hn. sMsQf dy aMdr iewk muV vsfAU kyNdr Kohl idwqf igaf hY ijwQy mYnUM vI jfxdf suBfg prfpq hoieaf. rogI koeI nf koeI kMm iswK ky smfj ivwc iewjLq Biraf jIvn gujLfr skdy hn. ies kyNdr ivwc islfeI kZfeI aqy tfeIp krnf sLfml hY. aMimRqsr qoN ibnF sMgrUr, jlMDr afid ivwc vI ies dIaF brFcF KohlIaF geIaF hn.

ipMglvfVy dIaF iqMn QfvF myn vfrz, bIbI mihqfb kOr vfrz, BfeI ipafrf isMG vfrz ivKy sUrjI sLkqI plFt lgfieaf igaf hY. ijwQy mrIjF dy kwpVy grm pfxI nflL Doqy jFdy hn.

dYvI guxF dy mflk ipafr nflL TfTF mfrdf ihrdf rwKx vflLy dUijaF dy roixaF nUM hfisaF ivwc bdlx vflLy ies PkIr Bgq ny afpxy jIvn dy aTfsI vrHy BuwK, ipafs, grmI, srdI dI prvfh kIqy ibnF mnuwKqf dI syvf ivwc arpn kIqy. afp jI nMgy pYrIN mnuwKqf dI syvf krky BfeI knHweIaf jI dy rfh qy cwldy rhy. afp jI df bcpn df nF rfm jI dfs sI. mfqf mihqfb kOr ny afp jI nUM purfqn ieiqhfs ivwcoN bhuq kuwJ dwisaf. Ausy cIjL nUM mn ivwc bsf ky mfnuwKqf dI syvf dy lyKy afpxf pUrf jIvn lf gey. priswD lyKk jsvMq isMG kMvl ny afpxy sLbdF ivwc ieh ikhf ik Bgq pUrn isMG vrgy mhF pursL qoN jy hjLfrF asmyD jwg vfry jfx qF Auh vI Gwt hn ijsny duKI lokF dI AuSglLI PVky AunHF dI aQfh syvf kIqI.

Bgq jI dI ijwQy brsLI pMjfb ivwc bVI srDf nflL mnfeI jf rhI hY AuWQy knyzf ivwc Bgq jI dy supinaF qy pihrf dy rhI bIbI aivnfsL kOr kMg vwloN vI ies vyr gurduafrf rYkszyl ivKy mnfeI jf rhI hY. sfzf sfiraF df ieh PrjL bxdf hY ik Bgq jI nUM srDFjlI Byt krn leI kuwJ pl kwZky afpxI srDf df iejLhfr krIey. asIN vI adfrf ‘pMjfb aYkspRYWs’ vwloN Bgq jI dy crnF ivwc smsqk prnfm krdy hF.

lok-syvf dI adBuq imsfl-Bgq pUrn isMG

nfnk isMG pusqk mflf

apfhj, ibmfr, lUlHy, lMgiVaF aqy pfglpx df isLkfr mfnvqf leI ipMglvfVy dI sQfpnf krn vfly Bgq pUrn isMG dI awj igafrHvIN brsI hY. Bgq pUrn isMG df jnm cfr jUn, 1904 eIsvI nUM luiDafxf ijLlHy dy ipMz rfjyvfl tohxoN ivc hoieaf. 1914 dy iBafnk kfl ny AunHF dy rujLgfr nUM ingl ilaf aqy pirvfr dr-b-dr ho aBfv dIaF TokrF Kfx lwgf. aMimRqsr ivc AunHF zyZ sfl sVkF Auqy ibqfieaf ijQy mMgqy bYTdy sn. qrn qfrn ivc kuJ mhIny DrmsLflf ivc kwty. Cyhrtf ivKy Auh KuwlHy ivc Cwpr qfx ky rhy. ienHF idnF dy anuBvF ny AunHF aMdr kruxf, pRym, hmdrdI aqy syvf dy bIj boey. 1923 ivc Auh gurduafrf zyrf sfihb, lfhOr phuMcy ijQy Auh 24 sfl rhy. eyQy hI AunHF 1932 ivc iswKI Dfrn kIqI aqy eyQoN hI AunHF dI syvf Bfvnf aqy isrV ivkisq hoieaf. Bgq dy jIvn ivc Aus smyN vwzf moV afieaf jdoN iek cfr sfl df apfhj bwcf gurduafry dy bfhr imilaf. ieh bwcf gMUgf, bolf aqy lwqF qoN apfhj sI aqy ies nUM koeI vI apnfAux leI iqafr nhIN sI. Bgq jI Aus byvws, lfcfr bwcy nUM iek idRVH insLcY nfl apnf ilaf. iehI bwcf Bgq jI dIaF BfvnfvF, jdojihd aqy pRfpqIaF df bhfnf bixaf. ipafrf isMG nFa df ieh mfnv Bgq pUrn isMG leI pRyrnf sroq irhf. Bfrq dI afjLfdI aqy pMjfb dI vMz Bgq jI leI iek hor moV bx ky afeI. Auh 18 agsq, 1947 nUM sLrnfrQI bx ky aMimRqsr phuMcy. AunHF nfl AunHF df lUlHf bwcf aqy mrnfsx bjLurg vI sI. ienHF idnF ivc hI AunHF nUM aMimRqsr stysLn qoN swq hor apfhj bwcy iml gey. Bgq jI ny AunHF nUM vI apnf ilaf. isr lukfAux df koeI iTkfxf nhIN sI. ieh sfry iek drwKq hyTF rihx lwg pey. ieh siQqI 1958 qwk rhI jdoN pMjfb srkfr vwloN AunHF nUM sLihroN bfhr jLmIn df iek Cotf ijhf plft idwqf igaf. Bgq jI ny afpxI sMsQf df ipMglvfVf afpxy ajIjL ipafrf isMG dy ipMglf hox krky rwiKaf pr eyQy hr qrHF dy ibmfrF, apfhjF, inafsiraF nUM jgHf imlx lwgI. ienHF leI Kfxy, rihxy aqy ielfj leI pYisaF dI loV sI. BfvyN aMimRqsr vfsI Bgq jI dy imsLn qoN jfxU sn aqy ienHF dy iksy kol phuMc ky kuJ kihx jF mMgx dI loV nhIN sI. pr eynIaF vwzIaF rkmF df Augrfhuxf aqy pRbMD krnf sOKf kMm nhIN sI. Bgq jI ny qndyhI nfl sB kuJ sMBfilaf aqy sMvfiraf. AunHF dI ies sMsfr qoN ivdfiegI qwk ipMglvfVf mjLbUq nIhF `qy KVHI sMsQf df rUp Dfrn kr cuwkf sI. Bgq pUrn isMG duKI mfnvqf dy jLKmF Auqy mlHm lfAux vfly drvysL hI nhIN sn sgoN iek icMqk aqy kudrq pRymI ivcfrk vI sn. Bgq jI DMUaF pYdf krn vflIaF gwzIaF, motrF ivc sPr krn df ivroD krdy, pYdl clx nUM qrjIh idMdy aqy Krfb ho cuwky vfqfvrn nUM sLuwD, ishqmMd aqy suMdr bxfAux leI nvyN ruwK lfAux dI pRyrnf idMdy. mfnvvfdI rucIaF aDIn hI AunHF afp sfrI Aumr Kwdr pfieaf aqy Kwdr pfAux dI vkflq kIqI. Bgq jI dy jIvn dI KUbsUrqI AunHF vwloN ivroD nfloN, Kud krky dsx ivc vI hY. svyry sRI hirmMdr sfihb dy drsLnF leI jfxf AunHF dI inqf ikiraf sI. jFdy-afAuNdy Auh sVk kMZy ibKry kyly dy iClky, kfgjL, pwQr, kwc dy tukiVaF nUM iekwTy krky kUVy dfn dy hvfly krdy jFdy. ijs Bgq pUrn isMG nUM asIN jLfqI qOr `qy jfxdy hF, Auh dUsiraF dI pRvfh kIqy ibnF afpxy ivc msq rih ky kMm krn vflf isrVI drvysL sI. Aus dy isrV, imhnq aqy pRfpqIaF Auqy mfx kridaF asIN AunHF nUM sLrDFjlI Byt krdy hF.